scholarly journals Nutritional myodegeneration as a cause of dysphagia in adult horses: three case reports

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ludvikova ◽  
P. Jahn ◽  
Z. Lukas
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Low Selenium ◽  
Large Groups

Three cases of nutritional myodegeneration caused by selenium deficiency in adult horses are described. Difficulty in eating and drinking was a common clinical sign in all horses. Blood biochemistry revealed a marked elevation of muscle enzymes and low glutathione peroxidase activity or low selenium concentration in whole blood in all cases. The treatment with sodium selenite and vitamin E was instituted in all horses. Two of them were euthanized because of continuing muscle injuries, one patient was cured. The post-mortem examination of euthanized horses revealed pale muscles that were distributed with bilateral symmetry on hind and thoracic limbs, diaphragm, tongue, masticatory and intercostal muscles and the myocardium. Histopathology revealed the areas of degeneration and necrosis. Large groups of regenerating fibres and pronounced lymphoplasmocytic reaction among the groups of intact fibres were also present. The clinical outcome of the disease is probably influenced by timely diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals The role of selenium and vitamin E in a Transylvanian enzootic equine recurrent rhabdomyolysis syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Attila Kósa ◽  
Krisztina Nagy ◽  
Ottó Szenci ◽  
Boglárka Baska-Vincze ◽  
Emese Andrásofszky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Recurrent Rhabdomyolysis

Abstract A severe form of recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis occurs enzootically in a well-defined region of Transylvania, Harghita county. At the highest lying two settlements (more than 800 m above sea level), the prevalence of equine rhabdomyolysis is between 17 and 23%, while in the neighbouring villages in the valley it is less than 2%. The objective of our study was to clarify the role of selenium and vitamin E in the high prevalence of rhabdomyolysis in that region. Soil and hay samples were collected from each area to evaluate mineral content. Ten horses from the non-affected and 20 horses from the affected area were tested for serum selenium, vitamin E, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), muscle enzymes, lactate and electrolytes. Hay samples collected from the affected area had lower selenium content. Horses in the affected regions had significantly lower serum selenium (P = 0.006) and GSH-Px levels than animals living in the non-affected regions. A good correlation between erythrocyte GSH-Px and serum selenium concentration could be demonstrated (r = 0.777, P < 0.001). Serum vitamin E levels were low independently of the origin of the horse. Based on our results, selenium deficiency possibly has a role in the Transylvanian enzootic equine recurrent rhabdomyolysis syndrome.

scholarly journals Effect of a long-term peroral supplementation with sodium selenite and selenium lactate-protein complex on selenium status in goats and their kids

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Misurova ◽  
L. Pavlata ◽  
A. Pechova ◽  
R. Dvorak
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Activity

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a long-term peroral selenium supplementation in the form of sodium selenite and selenium lactate-protein complex by comparing selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity in blood of goats and their kids as well as comparing selenium concentrations in goat colostrums. For the study, a total of 27 clinically healthy pregnant white shorthair goats were used. They were divided to three groups, i.e., the control group (C) without any selenium supplementation, sodium selenite group (E1) and selenium lactate-protein complex group (E2). For four months, experimental goats received 0.43 mg of selenium per animal per day in diet; goats from the control group were given 0.15 mg of selenium per animal per day. At the beginning of the experiment, goats of all groups showed an average selenium concentration of 96 &mu;g/l in whole blood. On the parturition day, samples of first colostrum from goats and heparinized blood from goats and kids were taken. In the control group (C), average blood selenium concentrations of 111.4 ± 33.5 &mu;g/l were observed on the parturition day. In both experimental groups, selenium concentrations were significantly higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Average selenium concentration in the sodium selenite group (E1) was 177.2 ± 34.8 &mu;g/l and in the group supplemented with selenium lactate-protein complex (E2) 159.0 ± 28.5 &mu;g/l. Average glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in blood of control goats (C) was 581.9 ± 99.2 &mu;kat/l, in group E1 1 154.6 ± 156.2 &mu;kat/l and in group E2 1 011.6 ± 153.6 &mu;kat/l. GSH-Px activity in experimental groups was significantly higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) as compared with the control group. Average selenium concentrations in colostrum was in the control group 40.1 ± 12.8 &mu;g/l, in E1 99.0 ± 29.9 &mu;g/l and in group E2 79.0 ± 17.7 &mu;g/l. Colostral selenium concentrations in experimental groups were significantly higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) as compared with the control group. No significant difference in the monitored parameters was found between experimental groups. In kids of control mothers (kC), average selenium concentrations in blood on the parturition day were 62.4 ± 22.9 &mu;g/l; kids of mothers supplemented with sodium selenite (kE1) showed average selenium levels of 100.0 ± 31.2 &mu;g/l, and the average selenium concentration in kids of mothers receiving lactate-protein complex was 83.4 ± 20.1 &mu;g/l (kE2). Average GSH-Px activity in control kids (kC) was 402.1 ± 153.9 &mu;kat/l. Kids from kE1 showed average activity of GSH-Px 806.1 ± 254.9 &mu;kat/l and kids from group kE2 529.9 ± 119.8 &mu;kat/l. Statistically significant difference (<I>P</I> < 0.05) was found only between kC and kE1 which showed significantly higher selenium concentration and GSH-Px activity. The results of this study confirm that both forms of selenium administered in experimental groups (i.e., sodium selenite and selenium lactate-protein complex) had similar biological effect in goats. However, results obtained in kids indicate a better effect of supplementation with sodium selenite.

Selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity in mountain goats

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1544-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Robbins ◽  
Steven M. Parish ◽  
Barbara L. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oreamnos Americanus ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Mountain Goats ◽  
Low Selenium

Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) is a linear function of blood selenium. GSH-Px activity per unit of selenium (Se) in mountain goats is approximately double that published for the domestic cow and horse. It is hypothesized that high GSH-Px activity per unit selenium in mountain goats reduces their dietary selenium requirement relative to the above domestic species and is an essential adaptation for occupying low-selenium environments. GSH-Px activity peaked 20–30 days after injections of 0.1 and 0.3 mg Se/kg. A higher dose of 0.5 mg Se/kg delayed and decreased the development of peak GSH-Px activity relative to the two lower injection groups. When acute pathology owing to a selenium deficiency is demonstrated in wildlife capture programs, passive selenium supplementation, such as with selenium-containing salt blocks, should begin weeks to months before capture to provide adequate time for GSH-Px development.

Reduction of Liver Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and Deficiency of Serum Selenium in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Corrocher ◽  
Massimo Casaril ◽  
Giuseppe Bellisola ◽  
Giovanbattista Gabrielli ◽  
Minerva Hulpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Serum Selenium Concentration ◽  
Reduced Activity

Twelve adults with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 8 individuals with hystologically normal liver, were measured for serum selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of liver tissue. It was found a reduced serum selenium and liver GSH-Px in patients with HCC. Serum selenium concentration and the enzyme activity were positively correlated (p < 0.01). The increased risk of carcinoma in selenium deficiency may be partially due to a reduced activity of GSH-Px, one of the most important scavenger enzymes of oxygen toxic radicals.

Effect of selenium supplementation on survival, liveweight and wool weight of young sheep on Kangaroo Island, South Australia

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (101) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Walker ◽  
GP Hall ◽  
DH Smith ◽  
RW Ponzoni ◽  
GJ Judson
Keyword(s):  
Total Dose ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Fleece Weight

The responses in liveweight, wool weight and survival, to selenium supplementation, were studied in young sheep from weaning to yearling age. The experiment was conducted over three years. In the first year, one sodium selenite supplementation rate was used (total dose 46.5 mg). During the following two years two supplementation rates were administered (total doses 46.5 mg and 93 mg). Mean concentrations of selenium in whole blood in unsupplemented sheep varied from 0.19-0.56 pmol l-l and from 0.20-0.44 pmol l-1 in the two years in which concentrations were measured. Supplementation, which commenced at lamb marking, increased the selenium concentration in sheep at weaning and thereafter. Selenium supplementation improved the break-of-season weight (P < 0.01) and yearling weight (P < 0.01 ) but not weaning weight (0.05 < P < 0.1 ). Hogget fleece weight was improved (P < 0.01 ) and mortality reduced (P < 0.01) by selenium supplementation. There was a treatment x year interaction in mortality rates (P < 0.01 ). There were no significant differences between the two supplementation rates

scholarly journals Selenium deficiency and HIV infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Di Bella ◽  
Elisabetta Grilli ◽  
Maria Adriana Cataldo ◽  
Nicola Petrosillo
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Low Selenium

Selenium is a non-metallic chemical element of great important to human health. Low selenium levels in humans are associated with several pathological conditions and are a common finding in HIV infected individuals. We conducted a review of the literature to assess if selenium deficiency or selenium supplementation could play a role in modifying the clinical course of HIV disease. Several studies investigated the role of selenium in disease progression, morbidity and mortality in HIV infected individuals. Larger studies were conducted in countries with poor economic resources and limited access to HAART. According to the majority of published studies low selenium levels appear to have an association with mortality, and selenium supplementation appears to play a beneficial role on survival or on slowing disease progression among HIV infected individuals. The role of selenium supplementation on preventing hospital admission among HIV outpatients was also noticed. The literature suggests an association between selenium deficiency and development of HIV associated cardiomyopathy and furthermore, selenium supplementation appears to improve the cardiac function in HIV infected individuals with cardiomyopathy. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role selenium in modifying HIV viral load and immune status in HIV infection.

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