scholarly journals Variability of the content and quality of some active substances within Achillea millefolium complex

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Špinarová ◽  
K. Petříková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Active Substances

The present paper compares the production of active substances in different subspecies of Achillea millefolium complex growing in the Czech Republic. Representatives of 7 subspecies of A. millefolium complex (A. setacea Waldst. et Kit., A. asplenifolia Vent., A. pratensis Saukel et Langer, A. collina Rchb., A. styriaca Saukel et Langer subsp. bohemica, A. millefolium subsp. millefolium, A. pannonica Scheele) and several natural hybrids of Achillea L. were collected from 75 natural habitats in different parts of the Czech Republic. Plants were cultivated to investigate plant growth and contents of some effective compounds during 1997–1999. Development of plants was divided into 7 typical phenological phases. From the point of view of active substance production, the stage of early flowering was found as the most suitable phase for Achillea (yarrow) harvest. Air-dried powdered flowering heads were analysed for essential oil, tannin and flavonoid content. The essential oil content was obtained by hydro-distillation; the composition of essential oil was analysed by means of gas-liquid chromatography. The total essential oil content of the examined yarrow species ranged between 0.05% and 0.88% of dry matter; ecotypes of A. collina and some of its hybrids showed the best results with the highest content of deep blue essential oil. Content of tannins was determined according to PhBs IV; flavonoids were expressed as an apigenin content by an internal method of pharmaceutical company IVAX ČR, a. s., Opava. The total flavonoid content was in the range of 1.37–3.97%; the content of tannins ranged from 0.02 to 0.64%. The highest content of flavonoids was determined in the sample of A. styriaca subsp. bohemica (3.97%); the highest content of tannins was found in an A. asplenifolia sample (0.64%).  

scholarly journals Salvia verticillata L. in the Czech Republic – variability of morphological characteristics, seed quality and essential oil content

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Dušek ◽  
Elena Dušková ◽  
Kateřina Smékalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Testing Method

Lilac sage (Whorled sage), as one of the medicinal plants chosen as perspective for the recultivation of flowering meadows in the Czech Republic, was studied for the variability of its morphological cha­rac­ters, seed quality and content of essential oil. Seven particular populations of this genus were stu­died in the Czech Republic and there were found statistically significant differences in morphological characters (height and width of plants, length and width of leaves and length of inflorescences) but not in the content of the essential oil. Studied populations reached only between 0.028 and 0.072% of essential oil in dry mass and also the quality of seeds was found very low (germination between 0–52%) in the seeds from natural localities but this fact could be influenced by testing method.

scholarly journals Morphological and chemical variations of sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) in the Czech and Finnish gene bank collection

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dušek ◽  
B. Galambosi ◽  
B. Hethelyi E ◽  
K. Korany ◽  
K. Karlová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Sweet Flag

The aim of this study was to analyze both the morphological and chemical characteristics of <i>Acorus calamus</i> plants collected from the natural sites in the Czech Republic and to compare them to the sweet flags growing in Finland, Slovenia and Canada, which are concentrated in the Gene Bank collections in Finland. The sweet flags of Finnish, Slovenian and Czech origin were found to be phenotypically and chemically very similar. They all represent the European triploid type of <i>Acorus calamus</i> var. <i>calamus</i>. The average essential oil content was established at the value of 1.50% of dry material in Finland and 1.91% in the Czech Republic. This amount is not sufficient according to the Czech norm for <i>Radix calami</i> quality (minimal amount is 2%) but the content of carcinogen &beta;-asarone, which was established at 9&minus;21% in the essential oil in all the analyzed sweet flags, did not exceed the maximal recommended value 0.5% of dry drug mass.

scholarly journals Development of drainage system in the Czech landscape – identification and functionality assessment by means of remote sensing

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Tlapáková
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Czech Society

Abstract Subsurface drainage systems are very important type of meliorative measures in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, their functions are perceived differently in the Czech society. We can distinguish point of view of landowner, farmer, water manager or environmentalist. With regard to the climatic changes or new praxis of agricultural, there must be assessed changed conditions in relation to existing drainage systems. It has connection with the next strategy of their funding and management. Therein, in the Czech Republic, farmer has dominating position, instead of the state or landowner that would be probably more correct.The paper presents results of user demands survey, conditions of drainage systems, their services and defects. New technologies, mainly remote sensing, and their use for identification and survey of drainage systems are presented too. Land drainage measures changed the whole landscape in the Czech Republic (agricultural intensification, loss of natural habitats and natural water flows etc.). In context of hydrological extremes′ rising and drainage systems′ ageing, existence of drainage systems must be solved. It means their maintainance for purpose of agricultural production, or, on the contrary, their elimination with the view of nature habitats′ recovery. Both solutions must differ in accordance with the different landscape characteristics of the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Variability of the content of active substances during Achillea collina Rchb. Alba ontogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Karlová ◽  
K. Petříková
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Active Substances

The fluctuation of essential oil, flavonoid and tannin content in Achillea collina Rchb. Alba (flos and herba millefolii) during ontogenesis was studied in this paper. Ten developmental stages of plants &ndash; from the beginning of flower differentiation to ripe seed stage &ndash; were tested for 3 years. The essential oil content was found to range between 0.4 and 1.6% of dry material and it was statistically significantly (one-factor analysis of variance; &alpha; = 0.05) influenced by developmental stage, harvested part of the plant and also by seasonal climatic conditions. The flavonoid content was influenced only by developmental stage and not by the type of yarrow drug or season. Its values ranged from 0.7 to 6.0% of dry material and it had a clear decreasing tendency during the plant ripening. Compared to flavonoids tannin production showed a reverse trend in yarrow. Their content was 0.3&ndash;1.0% and it increased during seed maturing. However differences between tannin contents during yarrow ontogenesis are not so dramatic and the influence of harvested part and season is also disputable. Comparison of the content of active substances in the drug from one- and six-years old yarrow plants did not indicate any differences due to age. Developmental stage V, beginning of flowering, can be recommended to producers as an optimum harvest stage because in this period the drug has the highest essential oil content in relation to plant mass yield and also to flavonoid and tannin contents. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Assessing Habitat Vulnerability and Loss of Naturalness: Applying the GLOBIO3 Model in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5355
Author(s):  
Vilém Pechanec ◽  
Ondřej Cudlín ◽  
Miloš Zapletal ◽  
Jan Purkyt ◽  
Lenka Štěrbová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
New Equation ◽  
The Impact

Global and regional biodiversity loss is caused by several drivers including urban development, land use intensification, overexploitation of natural resources, environmental pollution, and climate change. The main aim of our study was to adapt the GLOBIO3 model to the conditions of the Czech Republic (CR) to assess loss of naturalness and biodiversity vulnerability at the habitat level on a detailed scale across the entire CR. An additional aim was to assess the main drivers affecting the biodiversity of habitat types. The GLOBIO3 model was adapted to CZ-GLOBIO by adapting global to local scales and using habitat quality and naturalness data instead of species occurrence data. The total mean species abundance (MSA) index of habitat quality, calculated from the spatial overlay of the four MSA indicators by our new equation, reached the value 0.62. The total value of MSA for natural and near-natural habitats was found to be affected mainly by infrastructure development and fragmentation. Simultaneously, intensity of land use change and atmospheric nitrogen deposition contributed primarily to the low total value of MSA for distant natural habitats. The CZ-GLOBIO model can be an important tool in political decision making to reduce the impact of the main drivers on habitat biodiversity in the CR.

Natural habitats matter: Determinants of spatial pattern in the composition of animal assemblages of the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Divíšek ◽  
David Zelený ◽  
Martin Culek ◽  
Karel Št’astný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Czech Republic

Protistátní trestné činy v moderních kodifikacích

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kolumber
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Atlantic Area ◽  
Current Arrangement

The contribution “Anti-state Crimes in Modern Codifications” deals with the topic of anti-state crimes during centuries. Firstly, legal concepts in the pre-state period are mentioned. Then the attention is paid on the evolution of this institute in the Euro-Atlantic area. From this point of view, there are mentioned mainly regulations from England (1351), France (1810), Germany (1871) and Soviet Union (1958) which could be remarked as the most important for the development of other countries. On the other hand, it also reminds the development of codifications in Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which were affected by the Austro-Hungarian legislations as well as German and Soviet approaches. The Czech current arrangement generally does not depart from the other European samples, but it cannot be omitted that in the Czech Republic it is distinguished the penal concept of the high treason (Landesverrat, vlastizrada) from the constitutional concept (Hochverrat, velezrada) which is dedicated to the presidential anti-state activities. The contribution also indicates that the concept of anti-state crimes in countries has not been unified and it has been varying according to various experiences and attitudes.

Situation of brownfields in selected regions in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Škrabal ◽  
Petra Chmielová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Database ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The South ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Given ◽  
Geographical Point

The aim of the article is to make a comparison of brownfields in the South Moravian, Olomouc, Zlín and Moravian-Silesian regions based on the spatial standpoint. Data on brownfields were obtained through the National Database of Brownfields, which is managed by the CzechInvest agency. Information about these abandoned buildings and grounds were dated on 31st March 2021. The finding of the contribution is the fact that the most abandoned buildings and areas are mainly in Moravian-Silesian and South Moravian Region. Most of brownfields are after industrial activities, civic amenities and agricultural activities. In the given article, the analysis of brownfields according to individual indicators was performed on the basis of spatial and geographical point of view. It was found that most of the examined abandoned buildings and areas are located mainly in cities, which were followed by municipalities. Furthermore, it was proved that the size of brownfields from 54% is in area up to 1 (ha). The following indicator was the distance of abandoned buildings and areas from the centre of the cadastral area. Based on the results, it was found that 45% of the analysed brownfields are located 1-3 km from the centre of the cadastral area.

Electricity supplier selection by a household in the Czech Republic in 2017 and 2018 – Monte Carlo simulation approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kuncova
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Model

The situation on the electricity retail market in the Czech Republic is not clear because of the number of suppliers and its products. Although the information about the prices for the electricity consumption for households is available on the web and each household can change the supplier nearly with no extra effort and cost, households are still often not familiar with the individual price items of the products. In this article the analysis of the Czech electricity market from the distribution rate D25d point of view is made for the years 2017-2018 when the household annual consumption is simulated via Monte Carlo simulation model. The aim of this paper is to select such a supplier and product that minimizes the total costs of the electricity for a household for the selected distribution rate and compare it with the results from the previous years.

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