scholarly journals A new concept in sustainable forest management – the need for forest ecosystem and landscape research

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kulhavý
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Research ◽  
The Individual

The greatest advance in ecosystem research was made in the last century. The development and acceptance of forest ecology by foresters occurred because it provided a means for recognizing, understanding, classifying and mapping the natural variation of forests. Forest ecology involved studies at the individual, population, community, and ecosystem levels but such studies always needed to involve the ecosystem concept. Today, the new concept of “ecosystem and landscape forestry” integrating ecological and socio-economic research has been developed on the basis of EU COST Action E-25 European Network for a Long-term Forest Ecosystem and Landscape Research Programme. An analysis has been carried out of the present situation in forest research in the Czech Republic. The need for forest ecosystem and landscape research is obvious.

The Forest Ecosystem Research Network of Sites (FERNS)

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Mitchell ◽  
C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Research Investments

The Canadian Forest Service (CFS) has organized a National Forest Ecosystem Research Network of Sites (FERNS). These sites are focussed on the study of sustainable forest management practices and ecosystem processes at the stand level. Network objectives are to promote this research nationally and internationally, provide linkages among sites, preserve the long-term research investments already made on these sites and provide a forum for information exchange and data sharing. The 17 individual sites are representative of six ecozones across Canada and address the common issue of silvicultural solutions to problems of sustainable forest management. While the CFS coordinates and promotes FERNS, the network consists of local autonomous partners nationwide who benefit from the FERNS affiliation through increased publicity for their sites. Key words: long-term, silviculture, network, interdisciplinary, ecozone, ecosystem processes

scholarly journals Alois Zlatnik – ein wegweisender Forscher in transkarpatischen Urwäldern | Alois Zlatnik – Innovative researcher in the virgin forests of Transcarpathia

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Stepan Stoyko ◽  
Ivan Delehan ◽  
Nino Kuhn ◽  
Vasyl Lavnyy
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Plant Taxonomy ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Forest Typology

Professor Alois Zlatnik (born 1902 in Dvur Kralovy, Czechoslovakia,died 1979 in Brno) was a well-known scientific researcher in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and other European countries. His academic career encompassed forest typology,phytobiocoenology, vegetation ecology and plant taxonomy. His fundamental exploration of the biocoenological structure of the virgin forests of Transcarpathia (Ukraine) commenced in the 1930s. At the same time he can be seen as the founder of long-term forest ecosystem research (ecological monitoring). Zlatnik was also an innovator regarding ecological principles of nature conservation of mountain regions.

scholarly journals Teaching and research in forest ecology at UNB, 1942 to present

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Mark R Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Herbaceous Layer ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Recent Developments

The purposes of this paper are to review the history of forest ecology courses at the University of New Brunswick (UNB) in relation to the social context, summarize recent developments in forest ecology research at UNB, and identify critical areas for future research. Based on the UNB Undergraduate Calendar (1942 to present), the first forest ecology course was offered in 1957. Until the 1980s, forest ecology courses were generally related to silviculture and forest production. Since then, courses reflected increasing public concern with biodiversity and sustainable forest management. Research in the Forest Ecology Laboratory at UNB has emphasized forest ecosystem response to disturbance, including tree regeneration and herbaceous-layer recovery following silvicultural treatments. From this work, a disturbance severity model was developed for characterizing any kind of disturbance. Future research is needed to test the model across additional disturbance types, particularly new silvicultural treatments that are being used in forest ecosystem management. Key words: teaching, forest ecology, research, disturbance, herbaceous layer, biodiversity, sustainable forest management, ecosystem management

scholarly journals Improving long-term forest ecology research for the 21st century

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Public Comment ◽  
Landscape Monitoring ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Forest Vegetation Management

Changes in scientific views, approaches, and the public's environmental concerns have broadened the foci of silvicultural research from individuals in stands to these plus other interacting components at broader temporal and spatial scales. Present studies have benefited from increasing interdisciplinary ecological study; however, even the most interdisciplinary research and management could be improved by (1) moving beyond public comment to incorporating the public's environmental concerns into experimental and management designs; (2) being conducted at scales (time and space) that are appropriate to ecosystem components of greatest concern; (3) encouraging researchers and managers to test their knowledge using landscape-level forest vegetation management and checking predictions using sufficient monitoring; and (4) recognizing that within-study integration will require identifying study-appropriate integrative currencies. Key words: ecosystem research, integrative currency, landscape, monitoring, public values, scale, solutions

Extreme summer heat and drought acts as an environmental veto for fruit production in European beech

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Nussbaumer ◽  
Katrin Meusburger ◽  
Maria Schmitt ◽  
Peter Waldner ◽  
Regula Gehrig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
Fruit Abortion

<p>European beech is known to be a masting species, i.e. fruit production does not occur every year. It is thought to be a species which is flowering controlled, i.e. that after successful pollination, fruits and seeds would be produced. In the last two decades, years with high fruit production occurred every two to three years in Middle Europe, which may be indication for an inherent biennial cycle. However, successful fruit production can be hampered by disadvantageous weather conditions, such as frost events, during the pollination season.</p><p>In Switzerland, after high beech pollen concentration was measured in spring of 2018, high fruit production was expected. However, during the extremely hot and dry European summer of 2018, beech produced no, or only small amounts of beechnuts in two of three long-term monitoring beech stands in Switzerland, which are part of the Swiss Long-Term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme. We observed that beechnuts were aborted in early summer already. Over the last decades, we found similar examples of mast failure and fruit abortion in years with hot and dry summer conditions. These extreme conditions can thus act as an “environmental veto”, similar to frost events during flowering. In years with fruit abortion, summer mean temperatures were 1.2°C higher, and precipitation sums were 45% lower than the long-term average. Our findings are evidence for a biennial masting cycle in European beech, which can be interrupted by extreme weather conditions such as extreme summer heat and drought or frost during flowering.</p>

Využití nástroje místního referenda v regionech České republiky v letech 2000–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Bláha
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Capital City ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Individual

This paper aims to explain the use of the local referendum (as a tool of direct democracy) in the Czech Republic at the regional level. Using interregional comparison and descriptive statistics, the paper explains the evolution and the use of this tool and shows in which years this tool of direct democracy was used most often. More specifically, the paper tries to analyse while there have been significant changes in use of local referendum in long-term. Furthermore, the paper focuses on the degree of usage of referendums and development in individual years. On this basis, it shows whether there have been any developments on the effectiveness of the use of the local referendum in the context of the usage. Finally, the individual regions are compared, but not in the number of referendums carried out, but in the number of binding referendums. This shows that in some regions the local referendums are used much less, as they are usually not successful here (the capital city of Prague and the Liberec Region). The paper shows that the use of local referendum differs significantly from region to region, but in general it can be stated that usage of the referendum instrument is very effective. And if referendums in each region fails, they future use significantly decreases.

scholarly journals Management strategies on territories with special status of protection in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 510-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Selection Of

About 15% of the area of the Czech Republic is classified as territories with special status of protection, most of which is covered with forests. At present, at the time of integration of the country into the European structures, an increase in the area of such territories by approximately 20% is expected. The territories show significant variation of protection objectives, management restrictions, profound differentiation in natural conditions, structure of ownership and different levels of damage, especially that caused by anthropogenic pressure. This situation requires the formulation of long-term management strategies. The problem can be solved in the following successive steps: formulation of variants and alternatives of management strategies based on a retrospective analysis of forest development; prognosis of the forest condition development after application of the individual management strategies on the basis of growth and development simulations; addition of technological and economical bases; selection of optimal variants and alternatives from the viewpoint of the fulfilment of the owner’s management goals, in accordance with the principles of forest policy and from the viewpoint of the fulfilment of the protection objective formulated for a specific territory with special status of protection. A set of methods for following the above-mentioned steps is specified in the presented contribution.

scholarly journals Long-Term Residence Permit in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and the Republic of Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Markéta Bednářová ◽  
Eva Lásková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Foreign Student ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Residence Permit ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Individual

In all three Central European countries, long-term residence is defined as residence for a specific purpose of more than 90 days. The requirements for granting this type of residence are generally similar with differences in the individual types of purpose of this residence permit. The Polish Act contains a category that could be defined as ‘above-framework’, expanding the range of options that make it possible to obtain long-term residence. The Slovak legislation contains the purpose of “special activities”. In comparison with the Czech legislation, the range of possibilities for obtaining long-term residence in Slovakia is more extensive and less rigid. Specifically, in the case of long-term residence for the purpose of study, there is a fundamental difference in the legislation in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic, where Slovak legislators include in the term “study” all university, secondary, and higher vocational education. The Polish Act mentions only university studies and doctoral studies. The administration related to the admission of a foreign student to a specific school in the territory is certainly more extensive and demanding in Poland, with both the minister and the voivode enter the process beyond the framework of standard state administration bodies. The arrangement of the Act reveals a fundamental difference in Poland, where the sequence and logic of the arrangement is different to the Czech or Slovak legislation, which is expressed in which institutions Poland focus greater attention and emphasis or importance. None of the countries completely leaves the issue of visas for aliens from third countries unregulated. Although the legislation is identical in many respects, there are differences between individual institutions and the periods for which a visa can be issued. However, the issue of alien law is, at first sight, very extensive and content-intensive in all the above Central European countries, as evidenced by the length of the legislation itself, the complexity of individual institutions, and specific complexity of the provisions.

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