scholarly journals Change in oil fatty acids composition of winter oilseed rape genotypes under drought stress and different temperature regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 503-507
Author(s):  
Nadia Gharechaei ◽  
Farzad Paknejad ◽  
Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Ghasem Tohidloo ◽  
Hamid Jabbari
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Promising Line

To assess the response of winter oilseed rape promising line genotypes to late-season drought stress in delayed cultivation conditions and select the superior genotypes, an experiment was conducted for two years (2015–16 and 2016–17) in Iran (Karaj). In this experiment, the sowing date was specified in two levels including timely cultivation (October 7) and delayed cultivation (October 27) and irrigation factor including normal irrigation and irrigation interruption from podding stage as factorial in main plots and four winter oilseed rape genotypes (L1030, L1204, L1110, and L1114) and a commercial cultivar (Okapi) were categorized in subplots. Applying drought stress after the podding stage declined the seed yield and seed oil yield, and the highest and lowest mean of these traits were observed in the L1204 and L1114 genotypes, respectively. The interaction effect of the sowing date × genotype on all the studied traits was significant. With the standard erucic acid, the genotype L1204 in both normal and delayed sowing dates had the highest seed yield of 5118 and 3015 kg/ha. Besides, with high oleic acid with a mean of 63.65% and the minimum amount of glucosinolate of seed with a mean of 21.55 μmol/g, this genotype is recommended in delayed cultivation conditions.  

scholarly journals Change in sowing date combined with water stress affects canola seed oil and fatty acid ‎composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Zahra Biyouk ◽  
Saeed Sayfzadeh ◽  
Hamidreza Zakerin ◽  
Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Late Season ◽  
High Seed Yield

To study the effect of sowing date and water stress on qualitative traits of canola, an experiment was conducted for two years in Iran. The sowing date and irrigation were in two levels as the main factors, and five canola cultivars and hybrids were included as the subfactors. In normal sowing date and normal irrigation conditions, The Tassilo hybrid with a high seed yield and seed oil yield (6139 and 2905 kg ha-1, respectively) can be effective in the cultivation of canola in temperate cold regions with dry and semi-arid climates. In the conditions of delayed cultivation and late season drought stress, the same hybrid with the highest seed yield and seed oil yield (2935 and 1273 kg ha-1, respectively) and the least amount of erucic acid (0.4%) and glucosinolate content (22.9 μmol g-1) is recommended for the delayed cultivation conditions together with late season drought stress.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of sowing date and drought stress on morphological and functional characteristics of three genotypes of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hamid REZA RAMAZANI ◽  
Reza TAHERPOUR KALANTARI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Negative Effect

<p>To assess the effects of drought stress and sowing date on phenological, morphological, and yield traits of three different cultivars of winter oilseed rape (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.), this study was conducted in research farm of Sarayan agricultural college- University of Birjand in 2016-2017 growing season. Experiment was conducted in a split-factorial based on the randomized complete block design with drought stress in the main plots and three sowing date (September 22, October 6, and October 22) along with three cultivars of canola (‘Homolious’, ‘Hayola50’, and ‘DK7070CL’) in the subplots in three replications. The results of analysis of variance and means comparison analysis showed significant and negative effect of drought stress on seed yield and biological yield traits of investigated cultivars of canola. The interaction effect of drought stress × sowing date × cultivar was only significant on leaf twisting trait at 1 % probability level. ‘Homolious’ was assigned as the most drought tolerance cultivar, based on SI, SSI, RDI, TOL, MP, STI, GMP, YI, YSI, and HARM drought tolerance indexes, whereas ‘Hayola50’ was assigned as most drought sensitive cultivar of oilseed rape.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of Growth Type, Sowing Date, and Sowing Rate on the Canopy Architecture, Protein Yields, and Oil Yields of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plot Design

A split-split-plot design was used to evaluate the effects of sowing dates and sowing rates on three winter rape cultivars, including ‘PR45D03’, a semi-dwarf hybrid, ‘PR46W31’, a traditional hybrid, and ‘Californium’, an open-pollinated cultivar. August 25 was the optimal sowing date for maximizing protein and oil yields across all three cultivars. Of the cultivars, the traditional hybrid, ‘PR46W31’, produced the highest protein and oil yields on that date. The yields of the semi-dwarf hybrid, ‘PR45D03, were greater than those of the open-pollinated cultivar, ‘Californium’, when these were sown later than the optimal date. Protein and oil yields did not differ significantly among different seeding densities.

Application of physiological understanding in soybean improvement. I. Understanding phenological constraints to adaptation and yield potential

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
A. T. James
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia

The purpose of this paper and its companion1 is to describe how, in eastern Australia, soybean improvement, in terms of both breeding and agronomy, has been informed and influenced over the past four decades by physiological understanding of the environmental control of phenology. This first paper describes how initial attempts to grow soybean in eastern Australia, using varieties and production practices from the southern USA, met with limited success due to large variety × environment interaction effects on seed yield. In particular, there were large variety × location, variety × sowing date, and variety × sowing date × density effects. These various interaction effects were ultimately explained in terms of the effects of photo-thermal environment on the phenology of different varieties, and the consequences for radiation interception, dry matter production, harvest index, and seed yield. This knowledge enabled the formulation of agronomic practices to optimise sowing date and planting arrangement to suit particular varieties, and underpinned the establishment of commercial production in south-eastern Queensland in the early 1970s. It also influenced the establishment and operation over the next three decades of several separate breeding programs, each targeting phenological adaptation to specific latitudinal regions of eastern Australia. This paper also describes how physiological developments internationally, particularly the discovery of the long juvenile trait and to a lesser extent the semi-dwarf ideotype, subsequently enabled an approach to be conceived for broadening the phenological adaptation of soybeans across latitudes and sowing dates. The application of this approach, and its outcomes in terms of varietal improvement, agronomic management, and the structure of the breeding program, are described in the companion paper.

scholarly journals Effective Seed Yield and Flowering Synchrony of Parents of CIMMYT Three-Way-Cross Tropical Maize Hybrids

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Alberto A. Chassaigne-Ricciulli ◽  
Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre ◽  
Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez ◽  
Aquiles Carballo-Carballo ◽  
Félix M. San Vicente-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Flowering Synchrony ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Genotype, environmental temperature, and agronomic management of parents influence seed yield in three-way cross hybrid maize seed production. The objective of this research was to generate information on the seed production of six three-way cross hybrids and their progenitors, adapted to tropical lowlands. Data on days to—and duration of—flowering, distance to spike and stigmas, and seed yield of five female single crosses and five male inbred lines were recorded for different combinations of four planting densities and four sowing dates in Mexico. The effect of planting density was not significant. The male inbred line T10 was the earliest and highest seed yield and T31 the latest, occupying second place in yield. The single crosses T32/T10 and T13/T14 were the earliest and had the highest effective seed yield. At the earliest sowing date, the females were later in their flowering, accumulated fewer growing degree days (GDD), and obtained higher yields since the grain-filling period coincided with hot days and cool nights. To achieve greater floral synchronization and therefore greater production of hybrid seed, differential planting dates for parents are recommended based on information from the accumulated GDD of each parent. The three-way cross hybrids were classified according to the expected seed yield of the females and the complexity in the synchronization of flowering of their parents.

scholarly journals Seed yield of two new quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) breeding lines as affected by sowing date in Central Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo CASINI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Phenological Phases

<p>Research on the introduction of quinoa in Italy is currently lacking. The present research was aimed at identifying the correct sowing period. Field experiment was consucted in Cesa, Tuscany, in 2017. Two new breeding lines coded as DISPAA-Q42 and DISPAA-Q47-CB were utilized. Three sowing dates (SD) were implemented: February 23; March 17 and April 27. Results showed that the most successful SD was February 23. A significant decrease in both seed yield and a delay in phenological phases, relating to plant maturation and flowering was associated with the sequential delay in SD in both lines. Results also showed a significant effect of lines on yield, true-leaf stage development, flower development and maturity. Only DISPAA-Q42 was considered suitable for cultivation in the Tuscan environment. DISPAA-Q47-CB was the more susceptible line, due to the sequential delay in SD and delayed plant maturation. No effect between lines was evident for protein and saponin content. The present study clearly shows the potential for the successful cultivation of quinoa in Central Italy, and highlights the necessity of taking into consideration both breeding lines and SD in order to accomplish this goal.</p>

Agronomic studies on Vigna spp. in south-eastern Queensland. I. Phenological response of cultivars to sowing date

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Vigna Species ◽  
Reproductive Phase ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Phenological development of 16 cultivars from four Vigna species (V. radiata, green gram; V. mungo, black gram; V. angularis, adzuki bean; V. umbellata, rice bean) was studied over a range of 17 weekly sowing dates at Lawes in south-eastern Queensland. Cultivar and sowing date effects on phenology were large. In all cultivars, the rate of development during pre-flowering was associated negatively with mean day length and positively with mean maximum and/or mean minimum temperature. Cultivars differed in sensitivity to both photoperiod and temperature. Genetic lateness of flowering among cultivars was associated positively with increasing sensitivity to day length and negatively with the latitude of cultivar source. In the grams, early-flowering cultivars showed response to maximum temperatures, while the later-flowering lines responded to minimum temperatures. Rate of development in all four species during the reproductive phase was largely independent of cultivar and sowing date, per se, but rather appeared to depend on the day length and temperature regimes prevailing subsequent to the onset of flowering. The reproductive period in all species was shortest for those cultivar x sowing date combinations which commenced flowering in early autumn. Where flowering occurred in midsummer, i.e. for early sowings and for early cultivars, the reproductive period was extended as a consequence of prolonged flowering in response to the longer prevailing day lengths. As the date of flowering was delayed into mid or late autumn, the reproductive phase was extended owing to slower pod maturation rates in response to cooler prevailing temperatures. The implications of these responses on adaptation and agronomic utilization of these species are discussed.

Sowing date affects yield components of canarygrass seed

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Bodega ◽  
M. A. De Dios ◽  
M. M. Pereyra Iraola
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) crops are sown from June to mid-September in the southeastern area of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Sowing dates in this range result in different growing temperatures and photoperiods that affect the duration of developmental stages, biomass production, and seed yield and its components. For Argentina, there are no reported studies that address these effects. This study on the effects of sowing date was conducted during four growing seasons (1996–1999) at the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologí a Agropecuaria (INTA) Experimental Station at Balcarce, Argentina, using a population provided by Dr. Jaime Lloveras, University of Leyda, Spain. Different seeding dates were chosen from June to mid-September. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four blocks. When the sowing date was delayed, total dry matter (DM) decreased. For early sowing dates seed yield was constant, but after 10 August it was reduced by 1.5% for each day of delay. Earlier sowing increased the duration of pre-anthesis development with greater uniformity in panicle size and the number of seeds. Seed yield was related lin early to the number of seeds and plant dry matter yield (DMY). The rate of progress from emergence to anthesis (1/days from emergence to anthesis) was proportional to the mean photoperiod. Under the environmental conditions in Balcarce, the accumulated required thermal units for anthesis was reduced when sowing was delayed from June to September. This reduction was related to the photoperiod and was estimated as –189.3 growing degree-days per hour of photoperiod increment. Key words: Canarygrass, seed yield, sowing date, yield components

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