scholarly journals Phosphorus loss potential and phosphatase activities in paddy soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
X. Liang ◽  
G. Liu ◽  
H. Li ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Total P

The effects of phosphorus (P) fertilizer on P loss potential, soil Olsen-P and neutral phosphatase activities in paddy soils fertilized with superphosphate or pig manure (PM) were evaluated in this paper. Data were collected from a field experiment in the Tai Lake Basin, China. Superphosphate rates were 0, 17.5, 26.7, and 35.0 kg P/ha, and PM rates were 0, 1.4, 2.1, and 2.8 t/ha for each crop, respectively. Soil Olsen-P in the plow layer increased to a greater extent with PM than with superphosphate. Pig manure increased neutral phosphatase activities in the plow layer compared with PM-free treatment. In contrast, superphosphate inhibited neutral phosphatase activities compared with superphosphate-free treatment. Spring application of P fertilizer markedly increased the total P of surface water in November (< 0.01 vs. 0.10 mg/L) compared with P-free treatment. The total P of shallow groundwater at a 75 cm depth was ~0.01 mg/L. Phosphorus fertilizer did not influence Olsen-P or neutral phosphatase activities under the plow layer. Downward movement of P did not occur. Appropriate rate of P application of 26.2 kg P/ha for each crop in this soil reduced the risk of P loss in the paddy wetland ecosystem.

A comparison of some surface soil phosphorus tests that could be used to assess P export potential

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nash ◽  
Murray Hannah ◽  
Kirsten Barlow ◽  
Fiona Robertson ◽  
Nicole Mathers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic P ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Soil P Tests ◽  
Total P ◽  
Water Extractable

Phosphorus (P) exports from agricultural land are a problem world-wide and soil tests are often used to identify high risk areas. A recent study investigated changes in soil (0–20 mm), soil water and overland flow in 4 recently laser-graded (<1 year) and 4 established (laser-graded >10 years) irrigated pastures in south-eastern Australia before and after 3 years of irrigated dairy production. We use the results from that study to briefly examine the relationships between a series of ‘agronomic’ (Olsen P, Colwell P), environmental (water-extractable P, calcium chloride extractable P, P sorption saturation, and P sorption), and other (total P, organic P) soil P tests. Of the 2 ‘agronomic’ soil P tests, Colwell P explained 91% of the variation in Olsen P, and Colwell P was better correlated with the other soil tests. With the exception of P sorption, all soil P tests explained 57% or more of the total variation in Colwell P, while they explained 61% or less of Olsen P possibly due to the importance of organic P in this soil. Variations in total P were best explained by the organic P (85%), Calcium chloride extractable P (83%), water-extractable P (78%), and P sorption saturation (76%). None of the tests adequately predicted the variation in P sorption at 5 mg P/L equilibrating solution concentration. The results of this limited study highlight the variability between soil P tests that may be used to estimate P loss potential. Moreover, these results suggest that empirical relationships between specific soil P tests and P export potential will have limited resolution where different soil tests are used, as the errors in the relationship between soil test P and P loss potential are compounded by between test variation. We conclude that broader study is needed to determine the relationships between soil P tests for Australian soils, and based on that study a standard protocol for assessing the potential for P loss should be developed.

scholarly journals Cow Manure Application Cuts Chemical Phosphorus Fertilizer Need in Silage Rice in Japan

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Thanh Tung Nguyen ◽  
Yuka Sasaki ◽  
Mitsuhiko Katahira ◽  
Dhirendranath Singh
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Total P

Cow manure is a good source of phosphorus (P). Here, we investigated whether the amount of P fertilizer can be reduced when cow manure is applied to paddy soil based on growth, P uptake, yield, and soil P status evaluation. Treatments included unfertilized control (CK); manure plus chemical nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and P fertilizer (MNK P); MNK and 75% P (MNK ¾ P); MNK and 50% P (MNK ½ P); MNK and 25% P (MNK ¼ P); and MNK. Manure was applied at the rate of 10 t ha−1 in fresh weight base. The P fertilizer was applied at 34.9 kg P ha−1 as full dose. Treatment with MNK resulted in the same growth, P uptake, and yield as that with the P fertilizer. P uptake and yield did not respond to P input from chemical fertilizer owing to high soil Olsen P levels. Moreover, MNK could maintain soil Olsen P and total P. Manure application resulted in a positive partial P balance. These results suggest that manure application can cut P fertilizer requirements in P-rich soils, while maintaining soil P for optimal rice growth and yield. By using cow manure in rice production, farmers can conserve finite P resources.

Leaching of dissolved phosphorus from tile-drained agricultural areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2953-2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Andersen ◽  
J. Windolf ◽  
B. Kronvang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Tile Drains ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Water Extractable

Abstract We investigated leaching of dissolved phosphorus (P) from 45 tile-drains representing animal husbandry farms in all regions of Denmark. Leaching of P via tile-drains exhibits a high degree of spatial heterogeneity with a low concentration in the majority of tile-drains and few tile-drains (15% in our investigation) having high to very high concentration of dissolved P. The share of dissolved organic P (DOP) was high (up to 96%). Leaching of DOP has hitherto been a somewhat overlooked P loss pathway in Danish soils and the mechanisms of mobilization and transport of DOP needs more investigation. We found a high correlation between Olsen-P and water extractable P. Water extractable P is regarded as an indicator of risk of loss of dissolved P. Our findings indicate that Olsen-P, which is measured routinely in Danish agricultural soils, may be a useful proxy for the P leaching potential of soils. However, we found no straight-forward correlation between leaching potential of the top soil layer (expressed as either degree of P saturation, Olsen-P or water extractable P) and the measured concentration of dissolved P in the tile-drain. This underlines that not only the source of P but also the P loss pathway must be taken into account when evaluating the risk of P loss.

Overwinter changes in Olsen phosphorus in a 24-year crop rotation study in southwestern Saskatchewan

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
R. P. Zentner
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Rotation Study

In the Canadian prairie, producers generally sample soils in the autumn for nutrient analyses, whereas calibration of crop responses has been made based on soils sampled in the spring prior to seeding. A recent report suggests that available phosphorus (P) in soil increases between autumn and spring. At Swift Current, Saskatchewan, we have monitored bicarbonate-extractable P (Olsen P) every autumn and spring for the past 24 years, in four cropping systems: continuous wheat (Cont W), fallow-wheat (F-W), and two fallow-wheat-wheat (F-W-W) rotations. The first three systems received nitrogen (N) and P each crop year, with one F-W-W rotation receiving only N. These data were analyzed to test the authenticity of the aforementioned observations. We found that although there were some apparent overwinter increases in Olsen P there were also some decreases. Further, because of the considerable variability in Olsen P, relatively few of the overwinter changes were significant (P = 0.10). Efforts to correlate the changes in Olsen P to overwinter temperature or precipitation were unsuccessful. We concluded that Saskatchewan soil testing laboratories need not make adjustments to P fertilizer recommendations to account for changes in overwinter soil test P levels. Key words: Soil testing, bicarbonate-extractable P, crop rotations, available P

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphate Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on The Nutrient, Phosphateuptake and in Vitro Digestibility of Alfalfa

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Suwignyo ◽  
Bela Putra ◽  
Nafiatul Umami ◽  
Cahyo Wulandari ◽  
Ristianto Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Total P

This study aimed to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate (P) fertilizer on the nutrient content, phosphate uptake and in vitro digestibility of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).The research was conducted at green house of Forage and Pastures Science Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Gadjah Mada. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design using 3x4 factorial patterns with four replications. The first factor was dosage of phosphate fertilizer SP 36 (0, 60, and 120 kg/ha). Second factor was the dosage of AMF (0, 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4kg/ha). The variable measured was nutrient contents (crude protein, dry matter, and organic matter), total P uptake and dry matter and organic matter in vitro digestibility. The results showed that the interaction of AMF and P fertilizer had no significant effect on crude protein and total P uptake, but highly significant effect on the parameters of dry matter, organic matter and dry matter and organic matter in vitro digestibility. 

scholarly journals Distribution of Triarrhena lutarioriparia and its reserve characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in Dongting Lake

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Youze Xu ◽  
Guangyi Fu ◽  
Nan Tang ◽  
Zhonghao He ◽  
Lincheng Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total N ◽  
Remote Sensing Interpretation ◽  
Storage Characteristics ◽  
Total P ◽  
Lake Wetlands

Triarrhena lutarioriparia, a typical and most abundant macrophyte in Dongting lake wetland, was in the state of abandonment following the papermaking industry revocation in the lake basin. In order to provide scientific basis for precise management of T. lutarioriparia, the T. lutarioriparia distribution charateristics in Dongting Lake and its storage characteristics of nutrients were investigated in this study. Remote sensing interpretation results showed that the total area of T. lutarioriparia in Dongting Lake wetland was 58, 450 ha, 48.31% of which distributed in South Doting Lake wetlands. The nutrients contents were significantly different in T. lutarioriparia tissues, ranking in the descending order of spikes (TN 27.90 mg/g, TP 3.46 mg/g)>leaves (TN 16.38 mg/g, TP 2.11 mg/g)>stems (TN 5.38 mg/g, TP 0.85 mg/g). The total P quantities in each T. lutarioriparia tissue were ranked in the order: stems (560.26 t)>leaves (396.52 t)>spikes (284.67 t), while the total N quantities were within the range of 2170.02-2801.3 t. It was estimated that about 7712.99 t of TN and 1241.45 t of TP were annually removed from Dongting Lake by reaping T. lutarioriparia. The nutrients stored in the dead tissues of T. lutarioriparia might possess non-negligible impact on the water quality of Doting Lake.

Phosphorus Composition and Phosphatase Activities in Soils Affected by Long-Term Application of Pig Manure and Inorganic Fertilizers

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (14) ◽  
pp. 1866-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangna Zhang ◽  
Zhenhua Chen ◽  
Aiming Zhang ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Zhijie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pig Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphatase Activities

scholarly journals Estimation of the P Fertilizer Demand of China Using the LePA Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Yu ◽  
Haigang Li ◽  
Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Torsten Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
Fertilizer Demand ◽  
P Removal

Modern phosphate (P) fertilizers are sourced from P rock reserves, a finite and dwindling resource. Globally, China is the largest producer and consumer of P fertilizer and will deplete its domestic reserves within 80 years. It is necessary to avoid excess P input in agriculture through estimating P demand. We used the legacy P assessment model (LePA) to estimate P demand based on soil P management at the county, regional, and country scales according to six P application rate scenarios: (1) rate in 2012 maintained; (2) current rate maintained in low-P counties and P input stopped in high-P counties until critical Olsen-P level (CP) is reached, after which rate equals P-removal; (3) rate decreased to 1–1.5 kg ha−1 year−1 in low-P counties after CP is reached and in high-P counties; (4) rate in each county decreased to 1–8 kg ha−1 year−1 after soil Olsen-P reached CP in low P counties; (5) rate in each county was kept at P-removal rate after reduction; (6) P input was kept at the rate lower than P-offtake rate after reduction. The results showed that the total P fertilizer demand of China was 750 MT P2O5, 54% of P fertilizer can be saved from 2013 to 2080 in China, and soil Olsen-P of all counties can satisfy the demand for high crop yields. The greatest potential to decrease P input was in Yangtze Plain and South China, which reached 60%. Our results provide a firm basis to analyze the depletion of P reserves in other countries.

scholarly journals Phosphorus forms and lability of organic matter during anaerobic digestion of swine manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Souza Oliveira Filho ◽  
Thales Vinicius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Digestion Time ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Phosphorus Forms ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Total P

Understanding the dynamics of the organic matter and nutrients in pig manure submitted to anaerobic digestion is important to assist in decision-making regarding the use of anaerobic biofertilizer in agriculture. Accordingly, this study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the changes in organic matter, quantified as the content of carbon in the humic and oxidizable fractions, and in the content of the organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus in the solid fraction of the manure, as a function of digestion time in anaerobic reactors. Evaluations were carried out after 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, and 49 days of digestion, and the results were compared to the raw manure. Changes in organic matter occurred mostly in the labile fractions (fulvic acid and the F1 fraction), the content of which underwent a reduction, favoring the accumulation of more recalcitrant fractions in the final biofertilizer (humic acid and the F2, F3, and F4 fractions). Total P content did not change throughout the digestion process. However, the size of inorganic fraction of water-extractable P decreased by 16.7% after 49 days of digestion, as it was consumed by the decomposing microbiota to form stabilized organic matter, which accumulated along with the more recalcitrant fractions of P in the final biofertilizer. Therefore, the use of swine manure-derived anaerobic biofertilizer has less risk of environmental contamination with excessive P than the direct application of raw manure to the soil.

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