scholarly journals The state of water is associated with the viability and acidification capacity of Lactobacilli in frozen sourdough

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Chen ◽  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Xinxin Xia ◽  
ShIhua Chen ◽  
Changqing Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Acidification Capacity

The correlations between water state and the key factors affecting sourdough quality, including cell activity and acidification capacity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), were established in this study. Results revealed that with the increase of frozen storage time, the cell density (CD), total titratable acidity (TTA), and organic acids content declined, whereas the pH value rose. Further, the freezable water content (FWC) and free water quantity (FWQ) decreased, but the total water loss rate (WLR) and immobilised water quantity (IWQ) increased. The CD showed a highly inversely correlation with WLR, and the pH value was strongly inversely correlated to the FWQ. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observed that the ice crystals had larger volumes during frozen storage. Our data, for the first time, disclosed that the total water content and the FWQ may play a crucial role in maintaining the viability and acidification capacity of LAB in frozen sourdough.

scholarly journals Total and Fractional Composition of Water in Pear Leaves Depending on the Optimised Fertiliser

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Roman Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Positive Effect

The water content in tissues is an important indicator of the physiological state of the plant and is of great importance in the comparative assessment of their cultivation measures that increase productivity. One of such measures is rational fertilisation of plantings, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of optimised fertiliser on the water content in pear tree leaves and the fractional composition of water during stressful growing periods. One of the critical problems is drought, which negatively affects the growth and productivity of plantings. Under such conditions, the turgor of plant cells decreases and the passage of biochemical and physiological processes in the plant slows down. The paper considers the results of studying the water regime of leaves (the content of total, available, and inaccessible moisture) of pear varieties Konferentsia and Osnovianska on vegetative rootstock Quince A grown using optimised fertiliser in nonirrigated plantations. The study was conducted in 2011 and 2018 in a certified educational and research laboratory of the Uman National University of Horticulture. It was found that during the age periods of growth and fruiting, there was a change in the total water content in the pear leaves of the studied varieties. Leaves from pear trees of the Konferentsia variety had a higher water content compared to the Osnovianska variety. Fertiliser options increased the total water content in the leaves, which had a positive effect on the condition of the trees. It was found that at the beginning of the growing season, the free water content in the leaves of pear varieties Konferentsia and Osnovianska was higher, while it significantly decreased in the middle of the season. The bound water content was higher in all studied options. Under stressful situations (drought, temperature increase), fertiliser application had a positive effect on the water content in the leaves of both studied pear varieties. The practical significance of the study is to recommend the production of a rational fertiliser system for nonirrigated pear plantations in different age periods of growth and fruiting, which positively affected the water content in leaves and the fractional composition of water during stressful periods of cultivation

scholarly journals The influence of frozen storage conditions on selected quality parameters of poultry and pork

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1140
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Tereszkiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Pigoń ◽  
Piotr Molenda ◽  
Karolina Choroszy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper presents results of studies concerning the influence of frozen storage conditions on selected quality parameters of poultry and pork. The following physico-chemical parameters were analysed: water content, pH value, lightness of colour, electrical conductivity and water absorption. It was observed that during the analysed period of frozen storage similar changes of the examined quality parameters occurred in both types of meat, yet with a different intensity. In poultry, higher losses of water were observed, as well as a significant increase in light-ness of colour and in the index of water absorption. In pork, changes in pH value and electrical conductivity were the most visible.

Plasma Membrane Stability Analysis of Cold-Area Winter Wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 1094-1100
Author(s):  
Xiao Nan Wang ◽  
Dong Wei Xie ◽  
Lian Shuang Fu ◽  
Zhuo Fu Li ◽  
Ying Lu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Plasma Membrane Damage ◽  
Cold Area

Four varieties of winter wheat with different return green rates were used to analyze the plasma membrane stability and the factors that affect cold-area winter wheat during winter. The removal of reactive oxygen species, the degree of plasma membrane impairment, water content in the crowns, which contain the growing point, were studied during cold acclimation to the deep freezing period. The results show that electrical conductivity reflects the degree of plasma membrane damage under low temperatures was significantly correlated with the free water and the total water content. The MDA content, which reflects the degree of membrane peroxidation, was very significantly correlated with SOD, peroxidase, and ascorbic acid. During this period, the MDA stability, SOD, GSH, and total water and free water content may be used to identify the cold resistance of winter wheat varieties.

Changes in the components and content of biological water in the brain of experimental hydrocephalic rabbits

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Tamaki ◽  
Haruo Yamashita ◽  
Mitsuru Kimura ◽  
Kazumasa Ehara ◽  
Masahiro Asada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Periventricular White Matter ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Biological Water ◽  
Cortical Gray Matter ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Bound Water Content

✓ Changes in biological water components and their respective content in the cortical gray matter and periventricular white matter were studied in rabbits rendered hydrocephalic by intracisternal kaolin injection. There was no change in either total water content or free or bound water content in the cortical gray matter at the various stages of hydrocephalus development. While there was no significant change in total water content in the periventricular white matter at any stage of hydrocephalus, free water content was significantly elevated and bound water content was decreased at the acute and subacute stages, with a return to relatively normal levels at the chronic stage. It is concluded that in the periventricular white matter, free water enters the brain across the ependymal lining during the acute and subacute stages of experimental hydrocephalus with a simultaneous reduction in the bound water and that there is some recovery at the chronic stage. It is suggested that alternative drainage pathways may develop in chronic hydrocephalus allowing drainage of free water in the periventricular white matter, which in turn permits bound water to return to relatively normal levels.

scholarly journals The study of the water regulation mechanisms in the winter bread wheat varieties under an acute drought

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
V. А. Golubova ◽  
V. L. Gaze
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Study Results

Water regime of plants, characteristic of a certain variety, largely determines the resistance of plants to drought. Drought affects, first of all, such indicators as water absorption capacity, water retention capacity, water deficit and changes in total water content in the process of ontogenesis. Studying and taking into account a number of parameters of water regime can significantly increase the reliability of the assessment of plants for drought resistance. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the water regime of the winter bread wheat varieties under an acute drought and to select promising samples for breeding for drought resistance. The objects for the study were 7 winter bread wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The study was carried out on the experimental plot (zasushnik) of the laboratory for plant physiology under an acute drought of 30% PV in 2017–2019. According to the study results, there have been identified the varieties ‘Zhavoronok’, ‘Volnitsa’ and ‘Volny Don’, which were characterized by the largest increase in water-absorbing capacity (from 40.0 to 41.1%); by a minimum increase in water deficit (1.3–2.1%); by the smallest decrease (3.2–3.8%) in the total water content in fibers due to adaptability to water stress conditions in spite of increasing drought. There has been recommended to introduce these samples into the breeding process aimed at developing drought-resistant winter bread wheat varieties.

The Post-Mortem Changes of Corneal Turbidity and its Water Content

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Tsunenari ◽  
Mizuho Kanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Laser Apparatus ◽  
Water Contents

An instrumental determination of post-mortem corneal turbidity and the changes of water contents in the post-mortem cornea are reported. The degree of the post-mortem corneal turbidity was expressed in an objective reading of the ammeter in the authors' Laser apparatus. The free water (FW) and the bound water (BW) were separated from the total water (TW) according to the method of Hatschek (1936). The corneal opacity of closed eyes accelerated faster than that of opened eyes. The BW in corneas both of opened and closed eyes decreased with the time elapsed after death, whereas the FW increased steadily. The higher the humidity of the surroundings of a cornea, the greater the amount of TW observed, and vice versa.

Some Properties and Detection Methods of Paper Sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Chao Jun Wu ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Material Content ◽  
The Third

Some properties of paper sludge were analyzed, including water content, organic material content, pH value, fiber content, ash content ,C, H, S, N content and metal content of sludge in three sedimentation tanks.Besides,COD,SS, sludge concentration were analyzed and optical microscope photoes of sludge were got.The results showed that water content was high, organic material content was high, pH value of three sludges was alkalescent, metal elements were varied, lots of bacteria in wet sludge. From the first tank to the third one,COD and SS are gradually diminishing The research of sludge’s properties may be helpful to sludge treatment.

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