The changes of enzymatic activity of soil under eastern galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) after NPKCa fertilization

Changes in the enzymatic activity of soil variably fertilized with NPKCa were investigated in a field experiment carried out in 2005–2010. The study was conducted with a legume plant, i.e. eastern galega (Galega orientalis Lam.). The experiment was completely randomized and carried out in three replications with the following mineral fertilization: control, N, P, K, NPK, NP, NK, PK, NPKCa, PKCa, Ca, NKCa, and NPCa. Mineral fertilization was applied in kg/ha: (N-20, P-50, K-160, Ca-150). The soil samples collected from the Ap horizon (0–30 cm) of the rhizosphere in spring after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd swathing had a pHKCl in range from 6.55 to 6.93. The activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase was at a low level. The highest activity of urease was recorded in the soil fertilized with NPK, whereas the highest activity of dehydrogenases was in the soil fertilized with PKCa.

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MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DARK RED LATOSOL SAMPLES STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

Revista de Microbiologia ◽

10.1590/s0001-37141998000300002 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 164-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francisco Cleber Sousa Vieira ◽

Ely Nahas

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Red Latosol ◽

Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

The enzymatic activity of soil samples stored at temperatures of 5 to -12oC and at room temperature for 0-32 weeks was determined. While alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity was decreased compared to control in samples stored at low temperatures, acid phosphatase activity showed no significant change.

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Soil response to chemicals used in a field experiment

International Agrophysics ◽

10.2478/v10247-012-0080-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Jezierska-Tys ◽

A. Rutkowska

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Soil Microorganisms ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Alkaline Phosphatases ◽

Soil Response ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Set Up

Abstract The effect of chemicals (Reglone 200 SL and Elastiq 550 EC) on soil microorganisms and their enzymatic activity was estimated. The study was conducted in a field experiment which was set up in the split-block design and comprised three treatments. Soil samples were taken six times, twice in each year of study. The results showed that the application of chemicals generally had no negative effect on the number of soil microorganisms. The application of Reglone 200 SL caused an increase of proteolytic and ureolytic activity and affected the activity of dehydrogenases, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The soil subjected of Elastiq 550 EC was characterized by lower activity of dehydrogenases, protease, urease and alkaline phosphatase.

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Wpływ nawożenia mineralnego i nawadniania na aktyumość peroksydazy, katalazy i fosfatazy kwaśnej w dwóch fazach wzrostu kapusty i porów [The influence of mineral fertilization and irrigation on the activity of peroxidase, catalase and acid phosphatase of cabbage and leek in two stages of growth]

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1975.020 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 275-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Gurgul ◽

E. Kołota

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Second Stage ◽

Stages Of Growth ◽

Two Stages ◽

Distinct Increase

During the growth of plant, the very distinct increase of enzymatic activity of peroxidase and catalase was observed, but in case of acid phosphatase in smaller degree. An irrigation caused the decreasing of activity of all tested enzymes in both stages of cabbage growth. However, in case of leeks leaves sprinkling irrigation stimulated activity of catalase and acid phosphatase in both stages and peroxidase in the second stage of growth. The effectiveness of the mineral nutritive was differentiated, and often correlated with a level of soil moisture, kind of plant and its stage of growth.

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The effect of different copper doses and organic fertilisation on soil’s enzymatic activity

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/671/2019-pse ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 93-98

Author(s):

Beata Kuziemska ◽

Andrzej Wysokiński ◽

Joanna Trębicka

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Test Plant ◽

Orchard Grass ◽

Organic Fertilisation

A three-year pot experiment carried out in the vegetation hall in 2014–2016 included studying the enzymatic activity of soil, into which various amounts of copper: (100, 200 and 300 mg Cu/kg soil) and organic materials (cattle manure, chicken manure, post-mushroom substrate) were introduced, used separately, at a soil-introduction dose of 2 g Corg/kg. Copper and organic materials were used once, only in the first year of the study, before sowing test plant orchard grass. In soil collected after the last (fourth) swath of grass in each year of the study, the activity of urease, dehydrogenases, acid, and alkaline phosphatase was determined. Applications of copper to the soil, regardless of its dose, resulted in a decrease in urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase and an increase in acid phosphatase activity. The inactivating effect of this metal on the activity of urease, dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase increased with the increase of its dose. Organic fertilisation generally increased the enzymatic activity of the analysed soil. In subsequent years of the study, urease and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased, while acid phosphatase activity increased. Dehydrogenase activity did not change significantly in subsequent years of the study.

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Changes in the enzymatic activity of soil samples upon their storage

Eurasian Soil Science ◽

10.1134/s1064229309120084 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 42 (12) ◽

pp. 1380-1385 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

E. V. Dadenko ◽

K. Sh. Kazeev ◽

S. I. Kolesnikov ◽

V. F. Val’kov

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

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Mercury and other potentially toxic elements in the Sierra Gorda (Queretaro area, Mexico): affection to enzymatic activity in soils.

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-18587 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pablo Higueras ◽

Karen Arroyo ◽

JuanAntonio Campos ◽

Jesus Peco ◽

JoseMaria Esbrí ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Soil Health ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Key Factors ◽

Permissible Limits ◽

Study Sites

Cinnabar mining, to obtain mercury, is still an important activity for the residents of the Sierra Gorda in Mexico, so this activity is currently source of mercury emission and possibly of other potentially toxic elements (PTE). In this work, seven study sites, located in areas with presence of exploitations of active or decommissioned mercury mines, have been studies with the aim of characterizing its occurrence and their effects on soil health.Biogeochemical analyses have been carried out with the purpose of identifying the key factors related with nutritional and toxicological status of these soils, looking for possible relationships between mercury, PTEs and their impact on the enzymatic activity of the soil.The values &#8203;&#8203;obtained for total mercury ranged from 5 to 159 ppm; comparing these values with those from an uncontaminated area, we observe that all zones are above reference range (0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg) and that four of them exceed the maximum permissible limits (23 mg/kg), according to Mexican regulations. Other measured PTE elements were Pb, with a range between 18.7 to 814.1 mg/kg; Cu between 45.4 to 94.2 mg/kg; Zn between 145.1 to 555.8 mg/kg; As between 30.5 to 1590 mg/kg; and Sb between 18.3 to 169.6 mg/kg. &#160;Comparing with other areas, anomalous concentrations of trace elements in soils with the following values are considered: Pb up to 10,000 mg/kg, Cu up to 2,000 mg/kg, Zn up to 10,000 mg/kg and As up to 2500 mg/kg; none of the determined elements exceeds these reference values. In the case of enzymatic activities, a range between 111.36 and 332.38 &#181;gTPF g-1day-1 was obtained with dehydrogenase. These values are slightly higher compared to other Hg contaminated soils (110 &#181;gTPF g-1day-1) described by this team. For the acid phosphatase, a range between 516.72 to 1606.34 &#181;gPNF g-1h-1; and for alkaline phosphatase a range between 1624.92 to 4070.82 &#181;gPNF g-1h-1. These values correspond to those measured in Sokolov, Czech Republic, ranging from 381 to 1510 &#181;gPNF g-1h-1 for acid phosphatase and 455 to 4820 &#181;gPNF g-1h-1 for alkaline phosphatase measured in topsoil layer from spoil heaps after brown coal mining.Our results show that the soil has contents of PTE elements indicating low pollution degree, except for Hg, registering concentrations above the maximum permissible limits for non-industrial soils; however, the results of the enzymatic activity reflect a "good" activity. Therefore, the incidence of the presence of these metals in the soil health, as measured through enzymatic activity, does not have a significant impact and the studied soils can be considered as suitable for commercial, residential or agricultural uses.

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Assessment of the microbiological activity in agricultural and urban soils

Soil Science Annual ◽

10.1515/ssa-2015-0009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 156-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

DOROTA DEC

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Dehydrogenase Activity ◽

Urban Soil ◽

Urban Soils ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

C:N Ratio ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Microbiological Activity ◽

Phosphatase Enzyme

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic soil and the number of selected microorganisms in urban soil, which are located in the lane of the reconstructed road and compare it with a soil cultivated for agricultural purposes. The conducted analysis showed significant differences between the results of the soil taken from the roadway and the soil cultivated from agricultural purposes. The C:N ratio in soils of the roadway (from 24 to 31) indicated that they were degraded and heavily degraded soils. Urban soils had a neutral pH. The activity of dehydrogenase (1.93–6.95 μg TPF g−1·h−1), acid phosphatase (2.42–4.92 mM pNP·g−1·h−1) and alkaline phosphatase (2.34–4.80 mM pNP·g−1·h−1) in urban soils were low. In agricultural soils the acid phosphatase enzyme levels ranged 6.32–8.04 mM pNP·g−1·h−1, and alkaline phosphatase were 7.26–9.16 mM pNP·g−1·h−1. In urban soil samples collected along the roadway, a significant correlation between potassium and dehydrogenase activity, and between the C:N ratio and the activity of acid phosphatase was found.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNE RESPONSE AND HYDROLASE ACTIVITY IN RAT MONONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m67-105 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 795-803

Author(s):

Fred S. Shults ◽

John M. Woodward

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Single Injection ◽

Hydrolase Activity ◽

Cytoplasmic Granules ◽

Mononuclear Leucocytes ◽

The Relationship ◽

Stimulation Of

Studies of differences in hydrolase activity of peritoneal mononuclear leucocytes from normal rats and rats given three injections of killed Francisella tularensis vaccine demonstrated increases of 37–69% in ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, and acid phosphatase in lysates of cells obtained from vaccinated animals. No deviation from normal was observed for B-glucuronidase, alkaline phosphatase, or cathepsin. Following a single injection of vaccine the activity of ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, and acid phosphatase decreased slightly and then increased, reaching a maximum of 96 h and returning to normal levels after 30 d. Stimulation of the animals with a second injection of vaccine at 96 h resulted in an immediate and pronounced depression in activity of deoxyribonuclease and acid phosphatase which also was followed by an increase similar to that observed initially. Analysis of the various leucocytic fractions revealed 52.2–56.4% of the total enzymatic activity to be associated with the cytoplasmic granules.

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Impact of Subsurface Application of Compound Mineral Fertilizer on Soil Enzymatic Activity under Reduced Tillage

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11112213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2213

Author(s):

Barbara Futa ◽

Piotr Kraska ◽

Sylwia Andruszczak ◽

Paweł Gierasimiuk ◽

Monika Jaroszuk-Sierocińska

Keyword(s):

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Soil Environment ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽

Tillage System

Soil biochemical properties shaping soil fertility and agro-ecosystem productivity depend on the reduced tillage system and the dose and method of application of fertilizer; therefore, the research hypothesis put forward proposes that under reduced tillage system conditions, the subsurface application of a multi-component mineral fertilizer would increase soil enzymatic activity, thus favourably influencing the biodiversity of the soil environment. The objective of the three-year study was to evaluate the impact of subsurface application of varying mineral fertilizer rates on soil enzymatic activity under reduced tillage system conditions in soybean, winter wheat and maize rotations. The field experiment was set up as a split-plot design in four replicates. The first experimental factor included two methods of mineral fertilization application: fertilizer broadcast over the soil surface (S); fertilizer applied deep (subsurface placed) using a specially designed cultivator (Sub-S). The other factor was the rates of the mineral fertilizer (NPKS): 85 kg∙ha−1 (F85) and 170 kg∙ha−1 (F170). The method of application and rate of mineral fertilizer did not have a significant effect on the organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the soil of the plots with all rotational crops. Subsurface application of fertilizer significantly increased available phosphorus content in soil under soybean and winter wheat crops; however, it significantly decreased soil pHKCl values within sites with all crops in the rotation compared to surface application. At the same time, deep application of mineral fertilizer significantly stimulated dehydrogenase activity in the soil under the winter wheat crops and acid phosphatase activity in the soil under all rotation crops. The higher level of mineral fertilization contributed to reduction of soil pHKCl under winter wheat and maize, and promoted an increase in the soil P content. Additionally, significant increases of dehydrogenases and urease activity in the soil under winter wheat and maize crops, alkaline phosphatase activity in the soil under all the studied crops, and acid phosphatase activity in the soil under the soybean crops were found, compared to mineral fertilizer in the amount of 85 kg NPKS∙ha−1. The results of the present study have demonstrated a positive effect of subsurface application of compound mineral fertilizer on the soil biochemical parameters in reduced tillage. This may be a recommendation for the subsurface use of multicomponent mineral fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. However, a full objective characterization of the soil environment processes induced by in-depth application of mineral fertilizer in reduced tillage requires long-term monitoring.

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Histological structure of the digestive tract and digestive enzymatic activity of juvenile Pacific seahorse (Hippocampus ingens)

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol49-issue4-fulltext-2673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 565-575

Author(s):

Daniela Corona-Rojas ◽

Renato Peña ◽

Carmen Rodríguez-Jaramillo ◽

Dariel Tovar-Ramírez ◽

Patricia Hinojosa-Baltazar

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Goblet Cells ◽

Histological Structure ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Mucous Cells ◽

Low Levels ◽

Acid Mucins

The histological structure, histochemical features, and enzymatic activity of the digestive tract of juvenile Pacific seahorse (Hippocampus ingens) are described to provide information during the cultivation of this species. Serial histological sections were stained with either hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue-PAS, toluidine blue, Sudan black, Masson's trichome, and ninhydrin-Schiff to describe the general features and the presence of glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, lipids, muscle layers, and proteins, respectively. The enterocytes height and the mucosal villi height in the esophagus and intestines were measured. Additionally, the digestive enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase, aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were recorded. The esophagus showed two distinctive regions, the anterior with numerous mucous cells secreting acid mucins and the posterior with longitudinal folds and no mucous cells. The intestine was differentiated into three regions. The anterior showed goblet cells secreting acid and neutral mucins, while the middle and posterior regions presented goblet cells secreting only acid mucins. The activity of aminopeptidase, chymotrypsin, and amylase showed low levels, while the trypsin and acid phosphatase activity levels were intermediate. Lipase and alkaline phosphatase showed the highest activities. The results point that juvenile H. ingens presents a digestive structure similar to other teleost species. The high levels of lipase suggest that juvenile H. ingens have high requirements for lipids during this stage.

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