THE APPLICATION OF THE DEVICE «ELECTRONIC NOSE» FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC UTERINE DISEASES IN DAIRY COWS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
V.N. Skorikov ◽  
◽  
T.A. Kuchmenko ◽  
V.I. Mikhalev ◽  
R.U. Umarkhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Uterine Diseases

scholarly journals Reproductive Tract Infections in Dairy Cows: Can Probiotics Curb Down the Incidence Rate?

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-64
Author(s):  
Eduardo Barahona Rosales ◽  
Burim N. Ametaj
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Uterine Health ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Postpartum uterine diseases are common in dairy cows and are a great concern for the dairy industry as they are associated with various consequences, including lower fertility, lower milk yield, and an overall negative impact on the host health. An infected uterus is a source of bacterial compounds and cytokines that spill into the systemic circulation, spreading inflammation to other organs. In this review article, we discuss a short overview of the anatomy of the reproductive tract of dairy cows and several infectious diseases of the uterus including metritis, endometritis, and pyometra. Additionally, we discuss the microbiome of the reproductive tract in health and during uterine diseases. As well, diagnostic criteria for metritis and endometritis and contributing factors for increased susceptibility to metritis infection are important topics of this review. To better understand how the uterus and reproductive tract respond to bacterial pathogens, a section of this review is dedicated to immunity of the reproductive tract. Both the innate and adaptive immunity systems are also discussed. We conclude the review with a factual discussion about the current treatments of uterine diseases and the new developments in the area of application of probiotics for uterine health. Mechanisms of actions of probiotics are discussed in detail and also some applications to prevent uterine infections in dairy cows are discussed.

scholarly journals Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Ventsova ◽  
VLADIMIR SAFONOV
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Gonadal Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamins E And C ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Abstract. Ventsova I, Safonov V. 2021. Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows. Biodiversitas 22: 4997-5002. The article presents the evaluation of peroxide, antioxidant, and hormonal conditions of high-producing red-and-white dairy cows in the physiological and pathological course of pregnancy and the postpartum period. The blood concentration of malonic dialdehyde, stable nitric oxide metabolites, S-nitrosothiols, vitamins E and C, carotin, gonadal, corticosteroid, and thyroid hormones, as well as activity of GPx, GR, SOD, catalase, and ceruloplasmin, were estimated to define major disorder-provoking factors. Analysis of the data shows that ketosis-gestosis syndrome during pregnancy, postpartum metritis, and gonadal dysfunction occur mainly because of oxidative stress in the context of unbalanced peroxide responses and antioxidant protection. Levels of malonic dialdehyde compared to healthy animals increased by 42.3%, 75%, 56.6%, respectively, as also enzyme activities of GR by 26%, 68.1%, 30.1% and catalase by 17.3%, 45.1%, and 23.9%, correspondingly. The endocrine status indicators in the animals with ketosis-gestosis syndrome changed as follows: progesterone levels were 29.5% lower in cows, 17?-estradiol and cortisol were 20.8% and 14.7% lower, respectively. In animals with inflammatory uterine diseases and depressing reproductive glands, progesterone level was 2 and 3 times lower than in healthy animals, the content of cortisol was 17.6% and 25.1% lower, and testosterone decreased by 21.4% and 75.1%, respectively.

scholarly journals Productive and Reproductive Aspects in Dairy Cows Raised with and Without Access to Pasture in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Schallenberger Gonçalves ◽  
Fábio de Souza Guagnini ◽  
Daniel Storck ◽  
Mariana de Matos Brose ◽  
Laura Victoria Quishpe Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Confinement System ◽  
Uterine Diseases ◽  
Lower Production ◽  
Confined System

Abstract Since productive performance in dairy cows is directly linked to the manner in which cows are raised, the breeding system can have a direct influence on the parameters of a farm. Unlike the main European and North American countries, in southern Brazil the use of confinement systems with access to pasture is widespread. Grazing cows are believed to be less stressed from the metabolic point of view. This study was conducted on nine commercial dairy farms located in the Serra Gaúcha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from September 2016 to November 2017. A total of 393 Holstein dairy cows were included immediately after birth. The dairy farms had an average of 45 lactating cows and were milked twice a day with an average milk production in 305 days of 9,500 kg / cow for the confinement system with access to pasture and 10,700 kg / cow for the confined system. The confinement system with access to pasture (CAP) was composed of five properties and was characterized by access to rotating pasture, while the confinement system without access to pasture (CNP) was composed of four properties. The study diagnosed uterine diseases, metabolic diseases and their correlations, and assessed the conception rate in the first service of the herds. Animals with access to pasture had generally lower production rates than animals reared in confinement, which suggests that the model with access to pasture used in the extreme south of the country can result in deleterious effects on animal production.

scholarly journals Postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows: a review with emphasis on subclinical endometritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Pascottini ◽  
G. Opsomer
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Uterine Disease ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Uterine Environment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Uterine Diseases ◽  
Subclinical Endometritis

In this review, updated and precise definitions of the most common postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows are provided. An aberrant uterine environment at inappropriate stages of the reproductive cycle inflicts damage to gametes and zygotes, impairing the reproductive performance of dairy cows. This involves major economic losses for the milk production unit. Consequently, an accurate diagnosis of postpartum uterine diseases is indispensable for practitioners to set up a prompt and efficient treatment. This review furthermore emphasizes on the new perspectives regarding diagnosis and treatment of subclinical endometritis, a highly prevalent uterine disease that is often overlooked by practitioners while causing major reproductive problems. Based on a more profound clinical understanding of the postpartum uterine disease complex, practitioners will be able to better use the available diagnostic tools and therefore apply a more efficient therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Uterine inflammation affects the reproductive performance of dairy cows: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Roger Eduardo Molina-Coto ◽  
Matthew C. Lucy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Uterine Disease ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Incidence of post- partum uterine disease is an important concern in dairy cattle, because it affects its reproduction. Therefore, the objective of this review of literature was to generate a multifactorial overview about uterine diseases, and the reproductive performance of dairy cows, from a zootechnical approach. Dairy cows face multiple challenges around parturition. Immune suppression around calving, exposition to trauma and uterine bacterial contamination, metabolic diseases, lactation, and changes in management make dairy cows susceptible to uterine diseases. Most cows are able to eliminate uterine infection after calving, however, some cows keep uterine disease. Uterine disease may show clinical signs, but also silent signs that affect fertility as well. Poor reproductive performance is not caused by those signs by themselves, but due to alterations in ovarian and uterine function. Also, the problem of this silent signs is that farmers become aware of the disease when it has already caused negative effects on the reproductiveperformance. Sometimes, uterine disease is still present at the moment of the first service after calving. Uterine diseasemake it harder for cows to get pregnant because it affects the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, being another cause for infertility, increasing the cull rate and decreasing incomes from the dairy industry.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the microbiota found in the vaginas of dairy cows during the transition period: Associations with uterine diseases and reproductive outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 3043-3058 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L.S. Bicalho ◽  
T. Santin ◽  
M.X. Rodrigues ◽  
C.E. Marques ◽  
S.F. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Reproductive Outcome ◽  
Uterine Diseases
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