scholarly journals Not dominance but the loss of binocularity determines the success of monovision

2021 ◽  
pp. 018-022
Author(s):  
Severen Veerle Van ◽  
Laere Sven Van ◽  
Tusscher Marcel Ten
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Test Subject ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Snellen Visual Acuity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Second Period

Purpose: To determine whether ocular dominance strength influences success of monovision Design: Single-center, prospective, double blind crossover. Subjects received contact lenses with reading addition added to the left eye in the first trial period and to the right eye in the second period so that the type of monovision was randomized and blinded for the test subject and the investigator. Methods: 17 presbyopic subjects, aged 50-65, received conventional and crossed monovision, each for 2 weeks. Satisfaction, stereopsis (TNO, Titmus) and Snellen visual acuity were measured. Ocular dominance was examined according to Haidinger and +1D test. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient between strength of ocular dominance and subject satisfaction was ρ=0.088 for the conventional and ρ=0.000 for the crossed group. 93% of subjects were most satisfied with the type of monovision that yielded the highest Titmus score. For the TNO test this was only 64%. A statistical significant interaction effect was shown for this relationship (ρ=0.019). Conclusion: A significant correlation between dominance strength, refraction error and satisfaction could not be found. However, we observed that the highest stereopsis score according to the Titmus test was more likely to yield a higher satisfaction when comparing conventional and crossed monovision. When a physician opts for monovision correction, the Titmus test can be performed with test spectacles or contact lenses to decide which eye should be corrected for distance vision. The choice should be in favor of the correction that yields the best Titmus score.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency of pesticide application on tomato, chinese cabbage and cauliflower in simpang empat sub-district Karo Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 00045
Author(s):  
Sri Fajar Ayu ◽  
Destanul Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Protective Device ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
The Right ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Mild Toxicity

Prior research by authors on the use of pesticides and their impact on 75 vegetable farmers in Simpang Empat subdistrict, Karo district, North Sumatra showed that 60% of respondents applied pesticides in excess of the packaging instructions. Respondents were also found not to use a complete protective device. Almost 70% of respondents have mild toxicity complaints, and based on blood cholinesterase levels are also found most respondents have mild toxicity. Pesticide residue test results also found 0.728 residues of chlorpyrifos and 0.321 profenofos in vegetables produced in this area. This led to continued review by checking the technical efficiency in the use of pesticides. The method used is a quantitative method with the Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) approach to analyze technical efficiency of pesticide on each commodity. The population is the whole vegetable farmer who grew tomatoes, Chinese cabbage and cauliflower at the time of the study. The entire population is used to be a sample of 35 tomato and cauliflower farmers and 20 Chinese cabbage farmers. The results of the study indicate that the uses of pesticide as production inputs on tomato commodities, Chinese cabbage and cauliflower are not technically efficient. It is suggested to farmers to use pesticide input according to the rules, proper dosage, on target, on time, the right way so that pesticide used is technically efficient.

Using Bilateral tDCS to Modulate EEG Amplitude and Coherence of Men With Opioid Use Disorder Under Methadone Therapy: A Sham-controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942110221
Author(s):  
Hossein Mostafavi ◽  
Mohsen Dadashi ◽  
Alireza Faridi ◽  
Fatemeh Kazemzadeh ◽  
Zakaria Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Theta Waves ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the electroencephalography (EEG) amplitude and coherence in male patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), who were under methadone therapy. It compares the effects of active versus sham tDCS. Methods. This is a double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial. Participants were 30 male patients with OUD; they were divided into 3 groups of left anode/right cathode tDCS, right anode/left cathode tDCS, and sham tDCS. Their brainwave activity was measured by quantitative EEG before study and then active groups underwent tDCS (2 mA, 20 min) applied over their right/left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 10 consecutive days. After stimulation, they were re-assessed. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS, MATLAB, and NeuroGuide v.2 applications. Results. After active tDCS, a significant decrease in amplitude of slow brain waves (delta, theta, and alpha) in prefrontal, frontal, occipital, and parietal areas, and an increase in the coherence of beta, delta, and theta frequency bands in the parietal, central, and temporal regions of addicts were reported. In the sham group, there was a significant decrease in the amplitude of the alpha wave and in the coherence of delta and theta waves. Conclusion. The active tDCS over the right/left DLPFC, as a noninvasive and complementary treatment, can modulate the amplitude and coherence of brainwaves in patients with OUD.

scholarly journals Lipid Lowering Therapy with Combination of Niacin and Statin in Women: Age-Related Endothelial Effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Beth Parker ◽  
Kamlesh Kothawade ◽  
Namee Kim ◽  
Maura Paul-Labrador ◽  
Noel Bairey Merz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Age Related

Background. Many women remain at risk for cardiac events despite treatment to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We hypothesized that for postmenopausal women treated with niacin in addition to statin vascular function will improve. Methods. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 16 weeks of niacin (N) versus placebo (PL) in 43 women (mean age, 67±9 years) previously on statin therapy. Study outcomes included lipoprotein levels, vascular inflammation assessed by high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and endothelial function, assessed as brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD). Results. The N group significantly increased HDL-C and decreased LDL-C cholesterol relative to PL (both P<0.01). FMD improved in both groups (P=0.02) irrespective of niacin (P=0.21). Age influenced change in FMD (P=0.01) such that improved FMD (before to after) with lipid lowering therapy was greater with older age (P=0.03 Pearson correlation = 0.34), independent of treatment group. Conclusions. Lipid lowering therapy with combination of niacin and statin does not improve inflammation or endothelial function compared to statin alone. However, older women demonstrate relatively greater endothelial benefit of lipid lowering therapy over 4 months. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00590629.

Friction-Instability: A New Design Parameter for Brakes

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1225-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Starkey ◽  
T. G. Foster ◽  
S. M. Marco
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Experimental Facility ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Brake Lining ◽  
The Right

A new design parameter, friction-instability, is defined in this paper. Friction-instability is a variation in the coefficient of friction which may occur at any time during the life of a brake lining. A friction-index is defined which measures this variation. A lining which has a high friction index may tend to cause an automobile to swerve either to the right or to the left. A unique experimental facility is described by means of which the friction-instability characteristics of brake linings can be measured. Test results using this facility are presented and interpreted. The friction-index is proposed as a new parameter which should be taken into consideration when brakes are designed and, developed. This index should be particularly useful as a quality control device to insure that machines which use mass-produced braking systems will perform in a safe and effective manner.

scholarly journals Disposition of MDMA and Metabolites in Human Sweat Following Controlled MDMA Administration

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J Barnes ◽  
Bruno S De Martinis ◽  
David A Gorelick ◽  
Robert S Goodwin ◽  
Erin A Kolbrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Sweat Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Scientific Database ◽  
Sweat Testing ◽  
Clinical Research Unit ◽  
Sweat Tests

Abstract Background: Understanding the excretion of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and metabolites in sweat is vital for interpretation of sweat tests in drug treatment, criminal justice, and workplace programs. Methods: Placebo, low (1.0 mg/kg), and high (1.6 mg/kg) doses of oral MDMA were given double-blind in random order to healthy volunteers (n = 15) with histories of MDMA use. Participants resided on the closed clinical research unit for up to 7 days after each dose. Volunteers wore PharmChek® sweat patches (n = 640) before, during, and after controlled dosing. Patches were analyzed by solid phase extraction and GC-MS for MDMA, methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA). Limits of quantification (LOQ) were 2.5 ng/patch for MDMA and 5 ng/patch for HMA, HMMA, and MDA. Results: MDMA was the primary analyte detected in 382 patches (59.7%), with concentrations up to 3007 ng/patch. MDA was detected in 188 patches (29.4%) at &lt;172 ng/patch, whereas no HMMA or HMA was detected; 224 patches (35.0%) and 60 patches (9.4%) were positive for MDMA and MDA, respectively, at the 25-ng/patch threshold proposed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Conclusions: Sweat testing was shown to be an effective and reliable method for monitoring MDMA use in this controlled MDMA administration study. However, variability in sweat excretion suggests that results should be interpreted qualitatively rather than quantitatively. These data provide a scientific database for interpretation of MDMA sweat test results.

Converting Raw Accelerometer Data to Activity Counts Using Open-Source Code: Implementing a MATLAB Code in Python and R, and Comparing the Results to ActiLife

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ruben Brondeel ◽  
Yan Kestens ◽  
Javad Rahimipour Anaraki ◽  
Kevin Stanley ◽  
Benoit Thierry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Accelerometer Sensor ◽  
Interclass Correlation ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
Closed Source

Background: Closed-source software for processing and analyzing accelerometer data provides little to no information about the algorithms used to transform acceleration data into physical activity indicators. Recently, an algorithm was developed in MATLAB that replicates the frequently used proprietary ActiLife activity counts. The aim of this software profile was (a) to translate the MATLAB algorithm into R and Python and (b) to test the accuracy of the algorithm on free-living data. Methods: As part of the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team, data were collected from 86 participants in Victoria (Canada). The participants were asked to wear an integrated global positioning system and accelerometer sensor (SenseDoc) for 10 days on the right hip. Raw accelerometer data were processed in ActiLife, MATLAB, R, and Python and compared using Pearson correlation, interclass correlation, and visual inspection. Results: Data were collected for a combined 749 valid days (>10 hr wear time). MATLAB, Python, and R counts per minute on the vertical axis had Pearson correlations with the ActiLife counts per minute of .998, .998, and .999, respectively. All three algorithms overestimated ActiLife counts per minute, some by up to 2.8%. Conclusions: A MATLAB algorithm for deriving ActiLife counts was implemented in R and Python. The different implementations provide similar results to ActiLife counts produced in the closed source software and can, for all practical purposes, be used interchangeably. This opens up possibilities to comparing studies using similar accelerometers from different suppliers, and to using free, open-source software.

scholarly journals The impact of wearing single vision soft contact lenses on the peripheral refractive error

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2803
Author(s):  
Kareem Allinjawi ◽  
Sharanjeet-Kaur Sharanjeet-Kaur ◽  
Saadah Mohamed Akhir ◽  
Haliza Abdul Mutalib
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Single Vision ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the relative peripheral refractive error produced by soft single vision contact lenses in myopic schoolchildren. Methods: 27 myopic schoolchildren aged between 13 to 15 years were included in this study. The measurements of central and peripheral refraction were made only on the right eye using a Grand-Seiko WR-5100K open-field autorefractometer without contact lens (WL), and with wearing single vision contact lens (SVCL). Refractive power was measured at center and horizontal eccentricity between 35° temporal to 35° nasal visual field (in 5° steps). Results: SVCL showed an increase in peripheral hyperopic defocus at the nasal and temporal visual field compare with baseline, but this change was not statistically significant (p=0.129). Conclusion: Wearing single vision soft contact lenses increases the relative peripheral hyperopic defocus in myopic schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic ketamine and pethidine to control postanesthetic shivering: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Ali Rosom Jalali ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Shivering is an undesirable complication following general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, whose early control can reduce postoperative metabolic and respiratory complications. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of prophylactic injection of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 105 patients with short-term orthopedic and ENT surgery. The patients were randomly divided into three groups; 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, 0.4 mg/kg of pethidine was injected to the first group, 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine was injected to the second group, and normal saline was injected to the third group. After the surgery, the tympanic membrane temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The shivering was also measured by a four-point grading from zero (no shivering) to four (severe shivering). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.8+/-11.45 years in the ketamine group, 34.8+/-11.64 years in the normal saline group, and 33.11+/-10.5 years in the pethidine group. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in the mean age between the three groups (P=0.645). The incidence and intensity of shivering were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in the ketamine and pethidine groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence and the intensity of shivering between the ketamine and the pethidine groups (p=0.936). Conclusion: The results showed that the 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine could control the post-anesthetic shivering.  

scholarly journals Monitoring System of The Temperature for Mini Fish Storage using Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Eko Prayetno ◽  
Tonny Suhendra ◽  
Jeremya Lukmanto Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Error Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
Monitoring Temperature

Fish is one of the high-protein foods that are very helpful for the development of the human brain. Then, it is necessary to maintain the freshness of the fish for consumption. At this time, fishers and fishmongers preserve the freshness of fish by using Ice in the fish storage. However, it is considered ineffective due to improper ice change time. Therefore, monitoring temperature is very important and helpful to find the right time when replacing the Ice used to ensure the quality of fish. The development of this device uses Arduino ESP32, DHT21 Sensor, Micro SD Module, Internet of Things system, monitoring using Blynk Application and notifications using Telegram App. DHT21 sensor test results obtained a data conformity level (Error Level) of 2%. At the fish storage room temperature, there is the lowest temperature of 10.50 oC and ice temperature conditions in the storage of 0 oC. Therefore, the best state to keep fish fresh that researchers want is 0 oC to 2 oC at ice temperatures or 11.50 oC obtained in testing the time it takes to replace Ice by about 10 hours.

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