scholarly journals Potential for the Development of Productive Activities of the Russian Penal System in the Context of Achieving National Goals Under the Paris Climate Agreement

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1746-1755
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Mutovin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Business Association ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Russian Forests ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
Economic Specialization

One of the key tasks of the penal and correctional system is not only to socially isolate convicts and organize acceptable living conditions for them, but also to ensure their adequate resocialization after serving their sentence. The solution of this problem requires new approaches to the conduct of production activities by the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. Among others, priority should be given to the areas of traditional economic specialization of the penitentiary system, which include, for example, logging and woodworking. The national contribution of the Russian Federation to the implementation of the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement implies the fullest possible use of the carbon-absorbing capacity of Russian forests. This task is solved, among other things, by a significant increase in the volume of artificial reforestation, which requires the development of a network of tree nurseries throughout the country. The article analyzes in detail the experience of a joint pilot project on forest nursery creation based on one of the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service with the participation of business association in the field of forest industry in Krasnoyarsk Krai. It is shown that the project is not only effective, but also has high indicators of economic efficiency, characterized by low payback period under the condition of ensuring decent working conditions for inmates. It emphasizes the importance of scientific and methodological support of the work performed by universities and research institutes, including within the program of creating world-class scientific and educational centers of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

scholarly journals Using the Mechanisms of the Paris Climate Agreement for Conservation and Reforestation in the Russian Federation .

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
A. V. Stetsenko ◽  
V. B. Uvarov
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Russian Forests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
Climate Neutrality

The problem of climate change is a global challenge of the XXI century for all mankind. However, despite the adoption of the Paris climate agreement, which is designed to synchronize the actions of various countries, individual countries or groups of countries are taking the path of obtaining unilateral preferences under the pretext of fulfilling the obligations stipulated in the agreement. The article analyzes the challenges and risks that Russia may face in the absence of its own greenhouse gas regulation systems against the background of the declared and implemented in a number of countries policy of achieving zero greenhouse gas emissions. Ways to fully utilize the potential absorption capacity of Russian forests and other ecosystems in relation to the goals of the Paris climate agreement are considered. We are talking about potential effects for the Russian economy in the form of domestic investment in forest projects to absorb CO2, while increasing the competitiveness of Russian export products in the context of the introduction of protectionist measures by individual countries under the pretext of fighting for “climate neutrality”.

scholarly journals The political roots of intermediated lobbying: evidence from Russian enterprises and business associations

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Govorun ◽  
Israel Marques ◽  
William Pyle
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Business Association ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Do So

A business enterprise interested in influencing the design, adoption or enforcement of a particular law, rule or regulation often confronts a choice. Does it lobby officials directly? Or does it do so indirectly, using a collective action group as an intermediary? We draw on data from a large, 2010 survey of enterprises across the Russian Federation to demonstrate that the propensity to engage in intermediated lobbying increases with region-level political competition. Our explanation builds on recent evidence confirming Mancur Olson's claim (1982) that less encompassing actors tend to lobby for more distortionary policies. We hypothesize that with greater political competition government officials become more responsive to encompassing voices (i.e. associations of businesses as opposed to single firms), since the electoral costs of being captured by narrower interests becomes greater. Evidence from a complementary survey of regional business association managers points in the same direction; the relative attention paid by officials to lobbying efforts by encompassing associations increases with political competition.

scholarly journals Displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia: history and modernity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Viktorovna Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Khabarovsk Krai ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Sakha Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of this research is displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. The object is the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North residing in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai, Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. These constituent entities of the Russian Federation have contiguous territories with the Sakha Republic. The author examines the displacement and size of the indigenous population of the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. Special attention is given to clarification of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the aforementioned regions of the Russian Federation. It is established that the following ethnic groups reside in the territory contiguous to Yakutia: Dolgans, Evenks, Evens, Yukaghirs and Chukchi. The areas of residence of the listed ethnic groups border with the areas of settlement of the corresponding indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North in the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The author’s special contribution lies in the analysis of displacement and size of the indigenous population in the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia on the local level. The novelty of consists in the territorial analysis of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North.

scholarly journals BARK BEETLE SPECIES OF IPS GENUS POSING A THREAT TO RUSSIAN FORESTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
М.В. Воробьева ◽  
Н.П. Бунькова ◽  
П.Н. Сураев ◽  
И.А. Фефелова
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Russian Forests ◽  
The Russian Federation

На основе литературных материалов и результатов собственных исследований авторов проанализированы короеды рода Ips. Отмечается, что в мировой фауне зарегистрировано 37 видов коро- едов данного рода, в том числе восемь распространено на территории Российской Федерации. короеды данного рода повреждают флоэму и камбий, как правило, у ослабленных и отмирающих деревьев. Не- редко они заселяют поваленные ветром деревья и неокоренную лесопродукцию. В то же время в экстре- мальные по погодным условиям годы или после стихийных бедствий (засуха, штормовой ветер и др.) численность короедов резко возрастает, и они приводят к гибели не только отдельные жизнеспособные деревья, но и древостои. кроме того, короеды являются переносчиками спор грибов, приводящих к де- струкции древесины. В работе приведен перечень видов короедов рода Ips, дано описание биологии не- которых видов и рекомендации по недопущению их распространения за пределы естественного ареала. Ключевые слова: короеды, Ips, биологические особенности, виды, карантин, вредоносность. Финансирование. Работа выполнена в рамках темы FEUG – 2020 – 0013 «Экологические аспекты рационального природопользования». Bark beetles of the Ips genus were analyzed on the barks of literature materials and the results of the authors own research. It is noted that 37 species of bark beetles of this genus have been recorded in the wored fauna, including 8 common on the territory of the Russian Federation. Bark beetles of this genus damage their cambium, as a rule in weakened and dying trees. Often they inhabit trees felled by the wind and forest product uncovered with bark. However, in extreme weather years or after natural disasters (drought, storm, wind and other) number of bark beetles increases shar ply and they this results in the death not only individual viable trees, but also the whole stand. In addition, bark beetles are carriers of fungal spores, leading to the destruction of wood. The work provides a list of bark beetles species of Ips genus, the description of the biology of some species is given, as well as recommendations for preventing their spreading outside the natural range.

scholarly journals Information modeling technologies at design of hydraulic facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Kurilo ◽  
◽  
D. V. Nizhegorodtsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Building Information ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Marine Engineering

There takes place an intensive integration of building information modeling (BIM) in the activities of design and construction companies of the Russian Federation, including the hydraulic engineering segment. Existing software systems for building information modeling are not adapted for the design of marine engineering. This article is devoted to the study of the problem and the development of specialized solutions in this area (new or based on the existing software).The process of creating a hydraulic engineering pilot project, including the necessary libraries of basic elements, is considered. An enlarged plan for the integration of BIM to the marine engineering is proposed.

scholarly journals EPOCHA-AH 1998–2017. Dynamics of prevalence, awareness of arterial hypertension, treatment coverage, and effective control of blood pressure in the European part of the Russian Federation

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1S) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Badin ◽  
I. V. Fomin ◽  
Yu. N. Belenkov ◽  
V. Yu. Mareev ◽  
F. T. Ageev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
European Part ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Treatment Coverage ◽  
The Russian Federation

Aim.To perform a repeated epidemiological study of a representative sample in the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017 and to compare the dynamics of arterial hypertension (AH) prevalence with the effectiveness of blood pressure (BP) control in the population compared to 1998, 2002, and 2007.Materials and methods.A representative sample of the European part of the Russian Federation was created in 2002 and re-examined in 2007 and 2017. In 1998, a pilot project was performed for examining a representative sample for the Nizhniy Novgorod region.Results.During 19 years of follow-up, the AH prevalence increased from 35.5 to 43.3%. Te awareness and treatment coverage reached 76.9 and 79.3%, respectively, in 2017. Achievement of the target BP with a single measurement also increased among patients receiving antihypertensive medication from 14.3 to 34.9%. For the treatment of AH, medium-acting antihypertensive drugs are used, ofen at suboptimal doses.Conclusion.Epidemiological indices of awareness, treatment coverage, and number of effectively managed patients with AH have improved. However, the AH prevalence has increased by 7.8% for 19 years, which indicates inefciency of the primary prevention of this disease.

scholarly journals Forest complex of Russia in ensuring the national commitments of the Paris climate agreement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Кузминых ◽  
С.Е. Грязнов
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement

Изменение климата планеты вследствие концентрации парниковых газов в атмосфере является на сегодняшний день одной из основных глобальных экологических проблем. Лесные экосистемы и связанная с ними деятельность занимают важное место в формировании баланса углерода в атмосфере. Положительное влияние лесных экосистем на формирование углеродного баланса планеты признается международными климатическими соглашениями. Парижское соглашение об изменении климата, которое вступило в силу 4 ноября 2016 г., подтверждает возможность выполнения национальных обязательств стран за счет увеличения поглощения углерода лесами. Российской Федерацией продекларированы следующие обязательства по  предотвращению глобального изменения климата – ограничить выбросы парниковых газов на уровне 70–75% от уровня 1990 г. к 2030 г. при условии максимально возможного учета поглощающей способности лесов. В условиях замедления темпов развития российской экономики обязательства, заявленные Российской Федерацией, будут выполнены при условии реализации мер по ограничению и сокращению выбросов парниковых газов, тесно увязанных с политикой и мерами по модернизации российской экономики. Специальных дополнительных мер не потребуется. В перспективе управляемые леса России будут по-прежнему обеспечивать накопление углерода, но поглощаемая ими величина углекислых газов существенно уменьшится. В целях предотвращения снижения вклада лесных экосистем страны в формирование углеродного баланса в атмосфере необходимо проведение мероприятий по сохранению и расширению покрытой лесом площади, а также по совершенствованию управления лесными ресурсами. Лесной сектор России может выступить на международном уровне в качестве поставщика экологических углеродных услуг по сокращению выбросов парниковых газов и увеличения поглощения углерода лесными экосистемами. Основой для их реализации является механизм международной кооперации Парижского климатического соглашения. The climate change due to greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere is today one of the major global environmental problems. Forest ecosystems and related activities occupy an important place in the formation of the carbon balance in the atmosphere. A positive effect of forest ecosystems on the formation of the carbon balance of the planet is recognized in international climate agreements. The Paris agreement on climate change, which entered into force on 4 November 2016, confirms the possibility of fulfilling the national commitment of the countries due to the increase of forests carbon absorbing. The Russian Federation declared the following commitments to prevent global climate change ‒ to limit greenhouse gas emissions by 70–75 percent from 1990 levels by 2030, assuming the maximum possible given the absorptive capacity of forests. In the face of a slowing Russian economy development the commitment of the Russian Federation will be implemented under condition of limiting and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which are closely linked to the policies and measures on modernization of the Russian economy. Special additional measures are not required. In the future Russian managed forests will continue to provide carbon accumulation, but absorbed amount of carbon dioxide will decrease significantly. In order to prevent reduction of the contribution of forest ecosystems of the country in the formation of the carbon balance in the atmosphere it is necessary to conduct activities for the conservation and expansion of forested area, and on improving the management of forest resources. The forest sector of Russia can act at the international level as a provider of environmental services of carbon to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems. The basis for their implementation is a mechanism of international cooperation of the Paris climate agreement. 

scholarly journals Resource Saving Technologies for Rapeseed Cultivation at the Regions of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01075
Author(s):  
Elina Stepanova ◽  
Alena Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Russian Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article describes prospects of resource saving technologies usage while rapeseed growth at regional agriculture. The importance of rapeseed in the chemical industry, energy, and oil production is considered. The article describes the importance, use, distribution and production of rapeseed in the world and in Russia along with its biological and botanical features. Strategic prospects for growing oilseed rape in Krasnoyarsk Krai are determined. The results of an experiment using resource-saving technologies for growing rapeseed in an agricultural enterprise in the Russian region are presented. Comparative characteristics of the use of resource-saving technologies per a hectare of grain crops and rapeseed are introduced at this article. The economic forecasting efficiency model of the use resource-saving technologies for rapeseed cultivation is presented. Technical, technological and organisational measures for resource saving technologies usage are offered at plant growing.

scholarly journals Pilot Project «All-Russian Registry of Patients with Severe Bronchial Asthma.» The First Results in a Children’s Group of Patients (Moscow’s Observation Program)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
Elena A. Vishneva ◽  
Elena Dobrynina ◽  
Anna A. Alekseeva ◽  
Andrey S. Belevskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Observation Program ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the first results of the pilot observation program «The All-Russian Severe Asthma Patient Registry» which was started in Moscow. Objectives. The objective of this initiative is the accumulation of clinical data on patients with severe bronchial asthma in the Russian Federation. Methods. The chosen method was a registry, the rights holders of which were 3 professional associations — Interregional Public Organization «Russian Respiratory Society», Public Organization «Union of Pediatricians of Russia», All-Russian Public Organization «Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists». Results. The results of the pilot project are presented by the data analysis of electronic case report forms of 36 children (totally, the project included 100 patients, 64 adults and 36 children) enrolled in the program from June to December 2016. Using the registry, a detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics of a group of children with severe atopic bronchial asthma was carried out, the results of a pharmacoepidemiological evaluation of therapy were given. Obtained by the researchers, a high frequency of the assignment of a genetically engineered biologic drug of omalizumab meets the international recommendations but does not reflect the all-Russian reality and can be explained by inclusion in the registry of pediatric patients observed only in the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Scientific and Practical Center of Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. To determine true indicators that characterize bronchial asthma in children in the Russian Federation it is necessary, undoubtedly, to expand the geography of project participants.

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