scholarly journals Risk factors for depression in residents of gerontology center in Sarajevo

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Jasmina Mahmutovic ◽  
Aida Rudić ◽  
Arzija Pašalić ◽  
Fatima Jusupović ◽  
Suada Branković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Introduction: Depression is the most common mental problem in elderly and is often under-recognized or is inadequately treated, thus significantly affecting the quality of life of elderly people. The reasons for the occurrence of depression in the elderly are multiple. The most common are neurobiological and psychosocial risk factors as well as physical illness. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of the most common risk factors related to the degree of depression, determined by the geriatric depression scale.Methods: This is cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study undertaken on the sample of 150 psychologically and physically capable residents of the "The Gerontology Center" in Sarajevo older than 65 years. The following instruments were used for research: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the modified questionnaire on risk factors important in the depression development.Results: Women are more depressed than men (p<0.01). Depression severity increases with age (p=0.008). The marital status of respondents was significant factor affecting the GDS scores (p=0.009). GDS score and education are weakly correlated (p=0.07) and more educated are less depressed. Also, independently mobile elderly are less depressed (p<0.0005). GDS scores and presence of depression in younger age are dependent (p=0.004). Depression and subjective sleep disturbances are dependent (p=0.002).Conclusion: The most common risk factors for depression in elderly are gender, age, marital status, history of depression in younger age and mobility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of geriatric depression in the Kavre district, Nepal: Findings from a cross sectional community survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Manandhar ◽  
Ajay Risal ◽  
Oshin Shrestha ◽  
Nirmala Manandhar ◽  
Dipak Kunwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Abstract Background: The increasing elderly population worldwide is likely to increase mental health problems such as geriatric depression, which has mostly been studied in high-income countries. Similar studies are scarce in low-and-middle-income-countries like Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based, door-to-door survey was conducted in randomly selected rural and urban population clusters of the Kavre district, Nepal. Trained nurses (field interviewers) administered structured questionnaires that included a validated Nepali version of the Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) for identifying geriatric depression among the elderly (≥60 years) participants (N=460). Those scoring ≥6 on GDS-15 were considered depressed. Logistic regression analysis explored the associations of geriatric depression with regard to socio-demographic information, life style, family support and physical well-being. Results: Of the total 460 selected elderly participants, 439 (95.4%) took part in the study. More than half of them were females (54.2%). The mean age was 70.9 (± 8.6) years. Approximately half (50.6%) were rural inhabitants, the majority (86.1%) were illiterate, and about three-fifths (60.1%) were living with their spouses. The gender-and-age adjusted prevalence of geriatric depression was 53.1%. Geriatric depression was significantly associated with rural habitation (AOR 1.6), illiteracy (AOR 2.1), limited time provided by families (AOR 1.8), and exposure to verbal and/or physical abuse (AOR 2.6). Conclusion: Geriatric depression is highly prevalent in Kavre, Nepal. The findings call for urgent prioritization of delivery of elderly mental health care services in the country. Keywords: depression, elderly, lifestyle, mental health, prevalence

scholarly journals TINGKAT KESEPIAN DENGAN DEPRESI PADA LANSIA DI DUKUH TRAYEMAN, BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Eliyana
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
Depression Level

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kesepian dan tingkat depresi pada lansia di Dukuh Trayeman, Pleret, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Metode: Desain penelitian deskriptf korelasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pemilihan responden dilakukan menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan 50 responden dengan usia di atas 60 tahun dan tinggal di komunitas. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung sejak tanggal 2-16Agustus 2016 dengan menggunakan kuesioner University California of Los Angeles Loneliness Scale dan Geriatric Depression Scale. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Kendal Tau. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kesepian dan tingkat depresi pada lansia di Dukuh Trayeman, Pleret, Bantul, Yogyakarta dengan p=0,001 di mana nilai korelasi mencapai 0,892. Hal ini bermakna terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat dengan arah positif di antara kedua variabel. Diskusi: Pada masa lanjut usia akan terjadi banyak kemunduran, baik fisik maupun psikologis. Beberapa kemunduran psikologis yang terjadi seperti kesepian dan depresi yang dapat memicu terjadinya penyakit yang kompleks apabila tidak segera diatasi. Kesimpulan: Tingkat kesepian pada lansia merupakan hal yang sangat berkaitan dengan kejadian depresi pada lansia. Maka dari itu, sedini mungkin tingkat kesepian yang terjadi pada lansia harus segera diatasi karena semakin tinggi tingkat kesepian yang dialami oleh lansia, semakin tinggi juga tingkat depresi yang akan terjadi.Kata Kunci: kesepian, depresi, lansia, komunitas.CORRELATION BETWEEN LONELINESS LEVEL AND DEPRESI IN THE ELDERLY ATTRAYEMAN HAMLET, BANTUL, YOGYAKARTAABSTRACTObjective: This research was conducted to identify the correlation between loneliness level and depression level in the elderly at Trayeman Hamlet, Pleret, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Methods: This study is descriptive correlational by using cross sectional approach. Samples were taken using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 50 respondents aged above 60 years and living in the community. Data were collected directly from 2 August 2016 until 16 August 2016 using University California of Los Angeles Loneliness Scale and Geriatric Depression Scale. The data were analyzed using Kendal’s Tau correlation test. Results: This study showed that there was a significant correlation between loneliness level and depression level in the elderly at Trayeman Hamlet, Pleret, Bantul, Yogyakarta with p = <0.001 where the correlation value was 0.892. This means there was a very strong correlation with positive direction between the two variables. Discussion: The elderly will experience significant setbacks, either physical and psychological. The psychological setbacks include loneliness and depression which can lead to complex diseases, unless they are addressed immediately. Conclusion: Loneliness level in the elderly is strongly correlated with depression in elderly. Therefore, the loneliness level in the elderly should be addressed as early as possible because the higher the loneliness level experienced by the elderly, the higher the of depression level will occur. Keywords: loneliness, depression, elderly, community.

scholarly journals Internal Consistency of Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS 15-Item Version) in Ecuadorian Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 004695802097118
Author(s):  
María Erazo ◽  
Martha Fors ◽  
Sofía Mullo ◽  
Paloma González ◽  
Carmen Viada
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The present study aimed to assess the validity of a Spanish version of the Geriatric Depression-15 Scale (GDS-15) in Ecuadorian adults. Cross-sectional study to validate GDS-15 in its short version (GDS-15). Internal consistency and factor structure were assessed through Kuder Richardson 20 and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A total of 211 subjects 65 years of age and older participated in the validation process. Internal consistency was adequate, the Kuder Richardson 20 coefficient for the total scale was 0.73. Three factor structure was found for the scale. This study highlights the importance of having a validated scale for screening depression in the elderly. This study provides an evidence for the use of GDS-15 in Ecuadorian elderly population to screen for depression.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC- RELATED DEPRESSION IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS AT PRH, LONI: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1303-1310
Author(s):  
Sakshi Deshmukh ◽  
◽  
Shrikant Sant ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females

Question:Has COVID-19 Pandemic affected the psychological health of the elderly patients at PRH, Loni? Design: Descriptive Participants: 300 Intervention: Non Interventional Outcome measures: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS- 15) Score Results: The average of males having significant depression determined, using Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was 3.56 whereas for females, it was 3.48. The difference in scoring depression between males and females was 1% percentage wise. Conclusion: On an average 41.8% of geriatric patients at PRH, Loni suffered from depression according to GDS- 15 score grading, during the time span of 3 months i.e. from January 2021 to March, 2021. Both inpatients as well as outpatients visiting PRH, Loni were included in the study with equal number of participation of males and females. This study concluded that males suffered from depression slightly higher than females. From the three categories of depression, mild depression had the highest rating than moderate and severe types of depression which was higher in females than in males. Broadly speaking, mild depression was the highest amongst older adults aged between 60 to 80, out of which females were moreover affected than males with a difference of 2.1%. Moderate depression amongst males was 4.6% and in females was comparatively higher with the percentage of 5.3%. The gender difference in the scoring was 2.1%. The percentage of Severe depression was 0.6% in males and was nil in females despite having a slightly higher rate of depression, in general at PRH, Loni.

scholarly journals Relationship of Education, Age, Gender, Marital Status and Long Stay at Nursing Homes with Depression Events in Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Safitri Burhan Mumulati ◽  
Susanti Niman ◽  
Maria Yunita Indriarini
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

The prevalence of depression in the elderly in the world with an average age of 60 years is estimated there are 500 million people. The prevalence of depression in Indonesia based on the Information Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, elderly who experience depression by 11.6%. The effects of depression are decreased concentration and suicidal ideation. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between education level, age, sex, marital status and length of stay in nursing homes with the incidence of depression in the elderly. Research using quantitative methods with cross-sectional design. 101 elderly research respondents obtained by purposive sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire and geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). Analysis of the data with chi-square test, the results obtained there is a relationship between the last education with the incidence of depression (p-value 0.014) and there is no relationship between age and the incidence of depression (p-value 0.132), there is no relationship between sex with the incidence of depression (p-value 0.273), there was no relationship between marital status and depressive events (p-value 0.187), there was no association of length of stay with depressive events (p-value 0.192), there was no relationship between family visits and depressive events (p-value 0.879).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI DENGAN INSOMNIA PADA LANJUT USIA LEBIH DARI 60 TAHUN

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Merlien Nofus ◽  
Sutanta .
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Merlien Nofus1)  , Sutanta2)1) Program Studi S1 Keperawatan STikes Yogyakarta2)Program Studi Ners STikes Estu UtomoE-mail: [email protected]. [email protected] Belakang : Semakin meningkatnya jumlah lanjut usia di Indonesia setiap tahun, semakin meningkatnya pula resiko penyakit yang terjadi pada lanjut usia. Salah satunya adanya gangguan mental seperti depresi. Depresi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya insomnia pada lanjut usia. Kejadian insomnia dapat menyebabkan seseorang menjadi sedih dan susah tidur. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan tingkat  depresi dengan insomnia pada lanjut usia lebih dari 60 tahun. Metode : Penelitian ini termasuk survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 52 orang, sampel sebanyak 30 orang yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling.  Instrument penelitian berupa kuisioner tertutup dan kuesioner yang digunakan adalah Geriatric Depression Scale dan Kuesioner Kelompok Studi Psikiatrik Biologik Jakarta (KSPBJ-IRS). Metode analisa data menggunakan korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil : Sebagian besar lanjut usia lebih dari 60 tahun mengalami depresi ringan, sebanyak 22 orang (73,3 %) dan mengalami insomnia sementara sebanyak 21 orang (70 %).  Ada hubungan antara tingkat depresi dengan insomnia pada lansia yang ditunjukkan dari nilai korelasi Spearman Rank (ρ)  sebesar 0,384 sebesar = 0,384 dengan p value 0,036. Kesimpulan :  Ada hubungan yang signifikan tingkat depresi dengan insomnia pada lanjut usia lebih dari 60 tahun.Kata Kunci :  Depresi, Insomnia, Lansia  THE RELATIONSHIP OF BODY MASS INDEX WITH OF DYSMENORRHEA IN ADOLESCENT RELATIONSHIP OF DEPRESSION LEVELS WITH INSOMNIA IN THE AGE OF MORE THAN 60 YEARSABSTRACTBackground: The increasing number of elderly people in Indonesia each year, the higher the risk of diseases occurring in the elderly. One of them is a mental disorder such as depression. Depression can cause insomnia in the elderly. The incidence of insomnia can cause a person to become sad and have trouble sleeping. Objective: To find out the relationship between depression levels and insomnia in the elderly more than 60 years in. Method: This study included an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The study population was 52 people, a sample of 30 people were taken by purposive sampling method. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire and the questionnaire used was the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Jakarta Biological Psychiatric Study Group Questionnaire (KSPBJ-IRS). Data analysis method uses Rank Spearman correlation. Results: Most of the elderly over 60 years experienced mild depression, as many as 22 people (73.3%) and experienced temporary insomnia as many as 21 people (70%). There is a relationship between the level of depression and insomnia in the elderly  which is shown from the Spearman Rank correlation value (ρ) of 0.384 of = 0.384 with p value 0.036. Conclusions: There was a significant association of depression levels with insomnia in the elderly over 60 years.Keywords: Depression, Insomnia, Elderly

scholarly journals Prevalence of geriatric depression in the Kavre district, Nepal: Findings from a cross sectional community survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Manandhar ◽  
Ajay Risal ◽  
Oshin Shrestha ◽  
Nirmala Manandhar ◽  
Dipak Kunwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Abstract Background: The increasing elderly population worldwide is likely to increase mental health problems such as geriatric depression, which has mostly been studied in high-income countries. Similar studies are scarce in low-and-middle-income-countries like Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based, door-to-door survey was conducted in randomly selected rural and urban population clusters of the Kavre district, Nepal. Trained nurses (field interviewers) administered structured questionnaires that included a validated Nepali version of the Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) for identifying geriatric depression among the elderly (≥60 years) participants (N=460). Those scoring ≥6 on GDS-15 were considered depressed. Logistic regression analysis explored the associations of geriatric depression with regard to socio-demographic information, life style, family support and physical well-being. Results: Of the total 460 selected elderly participants, 439 (95.4%) took part in the study. More than half of them were females (54.2%). The mean age was 70.9 (± 8.6) years. Approximately half (50.6%) were rural inhabitants, the majority (86.1%) were illiterate, and about three-fifths (60.1%) were living with their spouses. The gender-and-age adjusted prevalence of geriatric depression was 53.1%. Geriatric depression was significantly associated with rural habitation (AOR 1.6), illiteracy (AOR 2.1), limited time provided by families (AOR 1.8), and exposure to verbal and/or physical abuse (AOR 2.6). Conclusion: Geriatric depression is highly prevalent in Kavre, Nepal. The findings call for urgent prioritization of delivery of elderly mental health care services in the country. Keywords: depression, elderly, lifestyle, mental health, prevalence

scholarly journals Prevalence of geriatric depression in the Kavre district, Nepal: Findings from a cross sectional community survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Manandhar ◽  
Ajay Risal ◽  
Oshin Shrestha ◽  
Nirmala Manandhar ◽  
Dipak Kunwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Abstract Background: The increasing elderly population worldwide is likely to increase mental health problems such as geriatric depression, which has mostly been studied in high-income countries. Similar studies are scarce in low-and-middle-income-countries like Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based, door-to-door survey was conducted in randomly selected rural and urban population clusters of the Kavre district, Nepal. Trained nurses (field interviewers) administered structured questionnaires that included a validated Nepali version of the Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) for identifying geriatric depression among the elderly (≥60 years) participants (N=460). Those scoring ≥6 on GDS-15 were considered depressed. Logistic regression analysis explored the associations of geriatric depression with regard to socio-demographic information, life style, family support and physical well-being. Results: Of the total 460 selected elderly participants, 439 (95.4%) took part in the study. More than half of them were females (54.2%). The mean age was 70.9 (± 8.6) years. Approximately half (50.6%) were rural inhabitants, the majority (86.1%) were illiterate, and about three-fifths (60.1%) were living with their spouses. The gender-and-age adjusted prevalence of geriatric depression was 53.1%. Geriatric depression was significantly associated with rural habitation (AOR 1.6), illiteracy (AOR 2.1), limited time provided by families (AOR 1.8), and exposure to verbal and/or physical abuse (AOR 2.6). Conclusion: Geriatric depression is highly prevalent in Kavre, Nepal. The findings call for urgent prioritization of delivery of elderly mental health care services in the country. Keywords: depression, elderly, lifestyle, mental health, prevalence

scholarly journals Overview of Depression in The Elderly of UPT Pelayanan Sosial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Relang Rizky Mulyadi ◽  
Alif Mardijana ◽  
Yudha Nurdian
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Depression is a prolonged sadness and a feeling or abnormal. Can be used to demonstrate a variety of phenomena, such as signs, symptoms, syndrome, emotional, reaction. Depression is more common in older people than depression in the general population with a prevalence rate of 25-50%. Elderly according to article 1, paragraph (2), (3), (4) of Law No. 13 of 1998 on the health of the elderly is said that a person who has reached the age of 60 years. The purpose of this study to determine the incidence and the general picture of depression that occurs at the level of the elderly who live in UPT Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Kabupaten Jember. This study is observational analytic cross sectional design. The variables observed in this study is the age and level of depression. Respondent has been investigated by using the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale). Population in this study was all elderly that live in UPT Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Jember as much as 43 respondents. Spearman Rho analysis showed significance level 2.57 which shows 2.57> 0.05 p. This means that there is no significant relationship between age of elderly with depression levels among respondents in UPT Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Kabupaten Jember. Key words: Depression, Elderly.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA LANSIA DI MASA PANDEMIC COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Sri Hartutik ◽  
Anjar Nurrohmah
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The World

Pandemi Covid -19 merupakan bentuk kasus baru di dunia kesehatan yang mempunyai beragam dampak, baik biologis, psikologis, sosial dan spiritual. Kondisi seperti ini harus benar-benar diwaspadai terutama pada usia rentan dan resiko yaitu salah satunya usia lansia. Depresi pada lansia merupakan gangguan psikiatri dan merupakan masalah kesehatan mental yang sering terjadi dikalangan lanjut usia. Prevalensi depresi didunia sekitar 8-15%. Hasil survey dari berbagai negara di dunia diperoleh prevalensi rata- rata depresi pada lansia adalah 13,5 % dengan perbandingan wanita:pria 14,1: 8,6 dimana wanita dua kali lebih banyak daripada pria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui gambaran tingkat depresi pada lansia di Masa Pandemic Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian desain deskriptif cross sectional dengan teknik consecutive sampling yang bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran tingkat depresi lansia menggunakan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-S). Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan hasil Umur lansia yang mengalami depresi pada masa Pandemic Covid-19 sebagian besar adalah Usia lanjut (60–74 tahun), jenis kelamin perempuan, status perkawinan lansia sebagian besar  janda, riwayat penyakit lansia sebagian besar  hipertensi, tingkat pendidikan lansia sebagian besar SD. Kesimpulan penelitian gambaran tingkat depresi pada lansia pada masa pandemic covid-19 sebagian besar mengalami depresi ringan. Depression in the elderly is a psychiatric disorder and is a mental health problem that often occurs among the elderly. The prevalence of depression in the world is around 8-15% and survey results from various countries in the world show that the average prevalence of depression in the elderly is 13.5% with the ratio of women: men is 14.1: 8.6 where women are twice as many as men. . This research aimed to determine the level of depression in the elderly during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This type of research used a cross sectional descriptive design with consecutive sampling technique which aims to describe the level of depression in the elderly using a research instrument in the form of a Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-S) questionnaire. The result showed Depression during the Covid-19 Pandemic was mostly elderly (60 - 74 years), female sex, most of the elderly marital status was widowed, history of elderly disease was mostly hypertension, education level of the elderly was mostly elementary school. The description of the level of depression in the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic mostly experienced mild depression.  

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