scholarly journals The H2 Visa process in the catfish industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Dellinger
Keyword(s):  
Temporary Work ◽  
Gendered Organizations ◽  
Feminist Sociology ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Level I ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Global Ethnography ◽  
Farm Manager ◽  
Globalization From Below

<p>This article builds on global ethnography, transnational feminist sociology, and gendered organizations to examine the processes and practices required to obtain H2 visas, temporary work permits for non-U.S. citizens seeking employment in agriculture and non-agricultural sectors. The article is based on ethnographic observation at a U.S. Consulate in Mexico with a focus on observing the process experienced by a group of Mexican workers seeking H2-A Visas to work on a catfish farm in Mississippi. I argue that by more carefully examining the roles and perspectives of the catfish farm manager  and  a U.S. Consulate Director in the process of obtaining the H2-A visas, we can move beyond “globalization from above” or “globalization from below” perspectives to a more nuanced understanding of what transnationalism looks like from the middle.  In addition, by applying a gendered organizations framework to understanding the H2 visa process at an interactional level, I demonstrate how the definition of the “good worker” is gendered.</p>

scholarly journals Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas: Natureza e Cultura em Redefinição

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naara Luna
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Definition Of

As novas tecnologias reprodutivas, procedimentos médicos que substituem o ato sexual para a concepção, são objeto privilegiado na Antropologia para se debater a relação entre Natureza e Cultura. Schneider lança a hipótese que, sendo a conexão biogenética a definição fundante da concepção norteamericana de parentesco, a descoberta pela ciência de novos fatos sobre a relação biogenética transformaria noções nativas ocidentais. A assistência dessas tecnologias questiona não somente a naturalidade do processo reprodutivo, ao ampliar as margens de escolha na reprodução e na constituição do parentesco, mas afeta a noção de natureza como condições de vida isentas de intervenção. Baseado em observação etnográfica e entrevistas, o artigo analisa o discurso de profissionais e pacientes envolvidos com a reprodução assistida e tratamentos convencionais de infertilidade. O foco está em como concepções de pessoa e parentesco formuladas sobre vivências e práticas concernentes às tecnologias reprodutivas se referem às categorias de Natureza e Cultura. New Reproductive Technologies: redefining Nature and Culture Abstract Anthropology has discussed Nature/Culture opposition through the analysis of the new reproductive technologies, medical procedures aiming at conception which replace sexual intercourse. According to Schneider’s hypothesis, Western notions of kinship will change if Science discovers new facts regarding biogenetic relationships, which is the basis of American kinship conception. Technologies’ assistance questions not only the natural aspect of the reproductive process, by broadening the margin of choice in the reproduction and constitution of kin, but also compromises the definition of nature as conditions of life from which intervention is absent. The article is based on ethnographic observation and interviews with professionals and patients dealing with assisted reproduction and conventional infertility treatment, and analyses their discourse. The text focuses on how notions of personhood and kinship related to the new reproductive technologies refer to the concepts of Nature and Culture.

scholarly journals Struggles over Expertise

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Taina Meriluoto
Keyword(s):  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Normative Basis ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of

There is growing concern among democracy scholars that participatory innovations pose a depoliticizing threat to democracy. This article tackles this concern by providing a more nuanced understanding of how politicization and depoliticization take shape in participatory initiatives. Based on ethnographic research on participatory projects with marginalized people who are invited to act as experiential experts, the article examines how actors limit and open up possibilities to participate. By focusing on struggles concerning the definition of expertise, the article identifies a threefold character of politicization as a practice within participatory innovations. It involves (1) illuminating the boundaries that define the actors’ possibilities; (2) making a connection between these boundaries and specific value bases; and (3) imagining an alternative normative basis for participation.

scholarly journals Disconnecting the Dots: Anonymity in the Digital Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Sydney Hanover ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Level I ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Privacy And Anonymity ◽  
Social Level

Governmental and corporate spying are no longer a surprising facet of everyday life in the digital age. In this paper, I expand upon the implications at stake in debates on autonomy, privacy, and anonymity, and I arrive at a definition of anonymity involving the flow between traits and the inability to connect them based on deliberate non- publication on a structurally social level. I argue that cultivating the space to remain anonymous is useful for distanced association with oneself in the purely private internal sphere, furthering a more fully examined inner association not based on a future already predicted or prematurely acted upon. The privilege of anonymity is a precondition for genuine self-relation. Later, I argue doubly against the “nothing to hide” argument, i.e., if one has nothing to hide, one has nothing to fear. Firstly, the actionability and fabrication of data make it such that it is always at risk of being interpreted as unsafe. Secondly, this argument is predicated on hiddenness as negative, which I answer with an analysis of the functionality of anonymity concerning personal growth.

Circumnavigating offshore resources worker visas—understanding the opportunities and challenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Wayne Parcell
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Management Priorities

On 29 June 2013, the Australian government amended the Migration Act 1958 to extend the definition of the migration zone and prospectively introduce a new visa pathway specific to offshore resources activities. The amendment required all foreign workers participating in or supporting an offshore resources activity in the maritime zone to hold a visa with effect from 30 June 2014. After consultation with stakeholders, the present government introduced migration regulations on 30 June 2014, prescribing three types of temporary work visas that foreign workers can hold to lawfully participate in or support an offshore resources activity. The government relied on the existing visa regime, including the subclass 988 Maritime Crew visa. On 16 July 2014, the senate disallowed these regulations. To restore certainty to the offshore resources industry, the Assistant Minister for Immigration and Border Protection issued a determination on 17 July 2014, effectively removing offshore resources activities from the scope of the Migration Act 1958, therefore enabling foreigners to perform such activities without a visa. The Maritime Union of Australia and the Australian Maritime Officers Union are challenging the decision in the Full Federal Court. The appeals will be heard together in Sydney, during February and March 2015. The author will discuss the latest insights into the visa framework and the direction of this issue as parties strive for differing outcomes. The ongoing uncertainty concerns employers who seek clarity of this issue to meet workforce planning and supply chain management priorities.

Rousseau, Smith, and Kant on Becoming Just

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the ways in which three of the most prominent thinkers of the eighteenth century—Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith, and Immanuel Kant—understood the process by which we come to appreciate, embrace and practice one of the crucial virtues for human flourishing: justice. It begins with an analysis of Rousseau’s specifically relational conception of justice. It then turns to Rousseau’s contemporary Smith and his definition of justice as a virtue of nonmalfeasance. The chapter concludes with an examination of Kant, whose anthropological understanding of the person and conception of our duties to others offer a nuanced understanding of our duty to become just which also synthesizes elements of both Rousseau’s and Smith’s positions.

scholarly journals Antioxidants: Positive or Negative Actors?

Biomolecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahare Salehi ◽  
Miquel Martorell ◽  
Jack Arbiser ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Natália Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of

The term “antioxidant” is one of the most confusing definitions in biological/medical sciences. In chemistry, “antioxidant” is simply conceived “a compound that removes reactive species, mainly those oxygen-derived”, while in a cell context, the conceptual definition of an antioxidant is poorly understood. Indeed, non-clinically recommended antioxidants are often consumed in large amounts by the global population, based on the belief that cancer, inflammation and degenerative diseases are triggered by high oxygen levels (or reactive oxygen species) and that through blocking reactive species production, organic unbalances/disorders can be prevented and/or even treated. The popularity of these chemicals arises in part from the widespread public mistrust of allopathic medicine. In fact, reactive oxygen species play a dual role in dealing with different disorders, since they may contribute to disease onset and/or progression but may also play a key role in disease prevention. Further, the ability of the most commonly used supplements, such as vitamins C, E, selenium, and herbal supplements to decrease pathologic reactive oxygen species is not clearly established. Hence, the present review aims to provide a nuanced understanding of where current knowledge is and where it should go.

Hebrew Literature in the ‘World Republic of Letters’

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Yael Halevi-Wise ◽  
Madeleine Gottesman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hebrew Literature ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scale Data

This article charts the international reception of modern Hebrew literature over the last hundred years. It brings large-scale data on the translation of Hebrew literature into conversation with current studies on the dissemination of ‘small’ languages around the world. We pay special attention to publishing trends, genres, literary awards, and other indicators of international recognition. More broadly, we question the scope and definition of a body of literature whose ancient traces have become invisible through translation and whose international readership includes, to some extent, members of its ‘own’ nation who do not share, however, the same language, territory, or cultural experiences. Our goal is to provide a more nuanced understanding of the presence of Hebrew literature beyond its national borders.

scholarly journals Defining Clinical Utility of Tumor Biomarker Tests: A Clinician's Viewpoint

2020 ◽  
pp. JCO.20.01572
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
End Points ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level I ◽  
Definition Of

Tumor biomarker tests (TBTs) are used to guide therapeutic strategies for patients with cancer. However, the regulatory environment for TBTs in the United States is inconsistent and, in general, TBTs are poorly valued. The National Academy of Medicine has recommended that TBTs should not be used in general practice until they are shown to have analytical validity and clinical utility. The latter term, first coined by the Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention Initiative, has been widely stated but is indeterminately defined. In considering whether a TBT has clinical utility, several factors need to be considered: (1) What is the intended use of the TBT? (2) What are the end points that are used to determine clinical utility? (3) How substantial does the difference in end points between groups defined by the TBT need to be to determine therapeutic strategies? (4) What is the risk tolerance of the stakeholders? and (5) Who are the stakeholders that make the decision? For all these factors, the data used to consider clinical utility must be derived from level I evidence studies. In conclusion, there is no strict definition of clinical utility for a TBT. However, consideration of these factors will lead to more objective conclusions. Doing so will facilitate value-based decisions regarding whether a TBT should be used to guide patient care.

Gap-2 morasses of height ω

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-938
Author(s):  
Dan Velleman
Keyword(s):  
Existence Theorem ◽  
Natural Numbers ◽  
Identity Function ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Split Point ◽  
Level I ◽  
Definition Of

In [3] we have shown how the simplification of gap-1 morasses introduced in [4] can be extended to gap-2 morasses. As in the gap-1 case, the definition of simplified (κ, 2)-morasses (gap-2 morasses of height κ) makes sense for κ = ω, although the smallest size for Jensen's original gap-2 morasses was κ = ω1. The existence of simplified gap-1 morasses of height ω is provable in ZFC (see [2]), but the same cannot be true for gap-2 morasses, since the top level of a simplified (ω, 2)-morass is a simplified (ω1, 1)-morass, and the existence of simplified (ω1, 1)-morasses is not provable in ZFC. In this paper we prove the best existence theorem for simplified (ω, 2)-morasses that we can hope for:Theorem 1.1. There is a simplified (ω, 2)-morass iff there is a simplified (ω1, 1)-morass.Before giving the proof we briefly summarize the definition of simplified (ω, 2)-morasses. For a more thorough treatment, and proofs of some of the basic properties of simplified gap-2 morasses which will be used below, we refer the reader to [3]. Suppose ‹‹φζ ∣ ζ ≤ ω1›, ‹ℊζξ ∣ ξ < ξ ≤ ω1›› is a simplified (ω1, 1)-morass. (We are using the “expanded” version of the definition.) We assume the morass is neat (see [4]). For each ζ < ω1 let σζ be the split point of ℊζ, ζ + 1; i.e., ℊζ, ζ + 1 is a pair {id, b}, where id is the identity function, b ↾ σζ = id and b(σζ) = φζ. A simplified (ω, 2)-morass will describe the construction of this simplified (ω, 1)-morass from finite pieces. The finite pieces will be the initial segments of the morass picked out by an increasing sequence of natural numbers ‹ni ∣ i < ω ›. We call this piece level i of the (ω, 2)-morass, and we call the full simplified (ω1, 1)-morass level ω. To make sure the pieces are really finite, we require that φx and ℊxy are finite for x < y < ω.

scholarly journals Understanding Equity of Access in Engineering Education Making Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Idalis Villanueva Alarcón ◽  
Robert Jamaal Downey ◽  
Louis Nadelson ◽  
Yoon Ha Choi ◽  
Jana Bouwma-Gearhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Expanded Access ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Equity Of Access

The goal of our exploratory study was to examine how management and staff in engineering education making spaces are enacting equitable access amongst their users (e.g., students). We examined six different making space types categorized by Wilczynsky’s and Hoover’s classification of academic makerspaces, which considered scope, accessibility, users, footprint (size), and management and staffing. We reviewed research memos and transcripts of interviews of university makerspace staff, student staff, and leaders/administrators during two separate visits to these places that took place between 2017 and 2019. We inductively and deductively coded the data, and the findings suggested that equity of access was situational and contextual. From the results, we identified four additional considerations needed to ensure equitable access for engineering education making spaces: (a) spaces designed and operated for multiple points of student entry; (b) spaces operated to facilitate effective student making processes and pathways; (c) threats to expanded access: burdens and consequences; and (d) elevating student membership and equity through a culture of belonging. Together, the findings point toward a need for developing a more nuanced understanding of the concept of access that far supersedes a flattened definition of access to just space, equipment, and cost.

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