scholarly journals Fourier spectroscopy of sarcoplasmic, myofibrillar, and connective tissue proteins of pork muscle tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
A.P. Nechiporenko ◽  
◽  
S.M. Orekhova ◽  
V.E. Sitnikova ◽  
D.A. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fourier Spectroscopy

AN UNUSUAL CASE OF EXOPHTHALMOS WITH GENERAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE CHANGES

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (IV) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
O. Wegelius ◽  
B. Kuhlbäck ◽  
C. Olin-Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Histochemical Examination

ABSTRACT A case is described of a man of 48, who presented a history and clinical picture of a solitary thyro-hypophysial syndrome with malignant exophthalmos but in which general connective tissue changes were found on histological and histochemical examination of the retrobulbar connective tissue and muscles, of the pretibial connective and muscle tissue and the nasal epithelium. The intraocular tension was increased. In addition, renal failure developed. The use of cortisol locally in the eyes had a beneficial effect on the eye syndrome. Systemic treatment with corticotrophin and prednisolone had an evident beneficial effect on the renal condition.

scholarly journals The effect of genotype on dressing percentage and tissue content of beef carcasses

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6-2) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ostojic-Andric ◽  
V. Bogdanovic ◽  
S. Aleksic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
B. Miscevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Tissue Content ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
F1 Generation

Differences in dressing percentage and content of different tissues in carcasses of Domestic Spotted breed and crosses F1 generation with Charolais and Limousine breed were investigated. Total of 30 carcass sides were dissected, 10 in each genetic group. Genotype exhibited very significant effect (p<0,01) on dressing percentage and content of tissues, except for connective tissue. The highest dressing percentage was determined in crosses with Charolais (59,92%) followed by crosses with Limousine (59,85%), with statistically significant difference (p<0,01) to dressing percentage established for heads of domestic Simmental breed (55,71%). Crosses with Charolais and Limousine realized considerably higher content of muscle tissue (81,5% and 80,7%) compared to heads of domestic Simmental breed (77,86%). Content of bone tissue of 16,45% in carcasses of domestic Simmental breed was considerably higher (p<0,01) compared to both groups of crosses, whereas the content of fat and connective tissue was considerably higher (p<0,05) only in relation to crosses with Limousine.

Microvascular responses in rabbit skeletal muscle after fixed volume hemorrhage

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. H190-H196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Borgstrom ◽  
S. P. Bruttig ◽  
L. Lindbom ◽  
M. Intaglietta ◽  
K. E. Arfors
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Critical Diameter ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Pattern ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Nutrient Flow ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Observation Period

The effect of hemorrhage on the microvascular responses in the tenuissimus muscle was studied by means of intravital microscopy in rabbits anesthetized with urethan. The rabbits were bled 30% of their calculated blood volume within 3 min. Hemorrhage initially caused mean arterial pressure to drop from 70 +/- 7 to 26 +/- 5 mmHg. During the subsequent 30-min observation period it increased to 43 +/- 8 mmHg. The transverse arterioles (TRs), supplying both muscle tissue proper and adjacent connective tissue, gradually constricted to 75% of control over the 30-min period. Terminal arterioles (TEs) branching from the TR in the muscle tissue constricted to 65% in 10 min and then gradually relaxed, eventually reaching 80% of control diameter. The constriction of the TEs was confined to a short sphincterlike structure (10–20 microns) at the origin of the bifurcation. Upon constriction, the diameter of the sphincterlike structure was less than the critical diameter for erythrocyte passage. Given that the effective blood viscosity in the narrow TE is strongly dependent on luminal diameter, the overall effect on blood flow and its distribution in the tenuissimus muscle was a dramatic reduction of volume flow to 20–30% of the control value. During the early phase, the reduced flow was diverted to the connective tissue at the expense of nutrient flow to the muscle tissue. This early blood flow pattern gradually reversed, partially restoring nutrient flow to the muscle fibers.

Production of young horse meat when pasture and winter grazing housing under the conditions of forest-steppe area of Transbaikal

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
B. Z. Bazaron ◽  
T. N. Khamiruev ◽  
S. M. v Dashinimaev ◽  
N. M. Kostomakhin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Meat Sample ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Horse Meat

The results of research on the meat productivity of horses, the morphological composition of carcasses, the chemical composition of horse meat, its nutritional value and environmental safety have been presented in the article. The content of vitamins and minerals in young horse meat at the age of 6 and 18 months has been established. The chemical composition of pasture grass has been studied. According to the content of vitamins and minerals the environmental safety of young horse meat corresponds to SanPiN 2,3.2. – 1078–01. The carcass weight in foals aged 6 months was 117,3 kg, the slaughter yield was 54,1 %, and in 18 months the carcass weight was 171,4 kg, the slaughter yield was 53,6 %. The yield of by-products of the 1st category was 3,94 and 4,19 kg, respectively, by age. In foals at the age of 6 months, the weight of muscle tissue was 83,6 kg, fat – 5,3 kg, bone – 22,5 kg, connective tissue – 5,9 kg, and at the age of 18 months, the weight of muscle tissue was 121,4 kg, fat – 10,1 kg, bone – 32,2 kg, connective tissue – 7,7 kg. The results of the average meat sample have shown that the meat of foals at the age of 6 months contains 71,7 % water, 21,0 % protein, 6,2 % fat, 1,1 % ash, the caloric content was 1536,4 kcal, and at the age of 18 months, respectively, 70,4, 21,0, 6,0, 6,8, 1,2 % and 1619,2 kcal. The caloric content of meat was higher than at 6 months of age by 82,8 kcal. The benefits of young horse meat are that the amino acids, vitamins and minerals contained in it contribute to the normalization of metabolism in the human body, and the meat itself is a supplier of high-quality animal protein. It has been established that according to the requirements of environmental safety, horse meat meets the maximum permissible concentration of the studied substances according to regulatory documents.

scholarly journals JARINGAN OTOT RANGKA Sistem membran dan struktur halus unit kontraktil

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny Wangko
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Transverse Tubules ◽  
Foot Structure ◽  
Cross Bridges ◽  
Main Components

Abstract: There are three main components of skeletal muscle: connective tissue, muscle tissue, and membrane system. The connective tissue protects the muscle fibers and separate them into fasicles. The skeletal muscle consists of paralel muscle fibers with their myofibrils which are composed by smaller contractile units, thick myofilaments and thin myofilaments. The membrane system consists of sarcolemma, transverse tubules (TT), foot structure, and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) with its cisternae. Depolarization of the sarcolemma spreads to TT, foot structure, and SR, resulting in the release of Ca2+ ions from SR. These ions trigger the formation of cross bridges to begin a contraction.Keywords: sarcolemma, T tubule, sarcoplasmic reticulum, thick myofilament, thin myofilamentAbstrak: Terdapat tiga komponen utama jaringan otot rangka, yaitu: jaringan ikat, jaringan otot seran lintang, dan sistem membran. Jaringan ikat berfungsi melindungi serat-serat otot dan memisahkannya atas berkas-berkas otot. Jaringan otot rangka tersusun atas serat-serat otot yang bherjalan sejajar dengan miofibrilnya yang terdiri atas unit kontraktil yang lebih kecil yaitu miofilamen tebal dan tipis. Sistem membran terdiri atas sarkolema dimana terjadinya depolarisasi yang paling awal dan dihantarkan ke dalam serat otot melalui tubulus T, struktur kaki pada daerah triad, dan sisterna terminalis yang selanjutnya memicu pelepasan ion Ca2+ dari retikulum sarkoplasma. Ion Ca2+ merupakan pemicu untuk pembentukan jembatan silang yang mengawali suatu kontraksi otot.Kata kunci: sarkolema, tubulus T, retikulum sarkoplasma, filamen tebal, filamen tipis

scholarly journals Microstructural characteristics of beef for treatment with detergent and disinfectants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bogatko ◽  
◽  
A. Mezhensky ◽  
O. Lozhkina ◽  
M. Kupnevska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Pink Color

Treatment of slaughter animal meat with detergents and disinfectants to eliminate signs of spoilage and extend its shelf life - is one of the pressing issues to establish falsification of meat during the state risk-oriented control of chemical hazards at production facilities, storage and sales of meat of slaughter animals. Therefore, our research was the first test to establish the microstructural characteristics of beef for treatment with detergents and disinfectants. To detect the falsification of beef with detergents and disinfectants used patented express techniques, which had a probability of 99.9% in the test. The essence of detecting falsification of meat with a solution of formaldehyde (10%) was to use a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids, which was applied to the surface of muscle tissue and set the color change: purple-red (in the presence of falsification) or yellow-brown (in the absence of falsification) ). The essence of detecting falsification of meat with a solution of hydrogen peroxide (5%) was the use of solutions of concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium iodide-starch, which were applied to the surface of muscle tissue and established the presence of light blue color (in the presence of falsification) or absence (for no falsification). The essence of detecting falsification of meat with acetic acid solution (10%) was the use of solutions of sodium hydroxide with a mass concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 and alcohol solution of phenolphthalein with a mass concentration of 1%, which was applied to the surface of muscle tissue and established the presence of pink color (in the presence of falsification) or absence of pink color (in the absence of falsification). The essence of detecting falsification of meat with chlorine solution (chlorine activity 3%) was the use of solutions of potassium iodide with a mass concentration of 5.0%, water-soluble starch with a mass concentration of 2%, concentrated hydrochloric acid, which were successively added to the meat-water extract in a ratio of 1: 2 and set the presence of blue (in the presence of falsification) or the absence of blue (in the absence of falsification). The essence of detecting falsification of meat with a solution of potassium permanganate (5%) was to use a solution of sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 0.5 mol/dm3, which was applied to the surface of muscle tissue and established the presence of a pale pink color (in the presence of falsification) or no pink color (in the absence of falsification). The essence of detecting adulteration of meat with alkaline detergents was to use an alcoholic solution of rosolic acid with a mass concentration of 0.25%, which was applied to the surface of muscle tissue and established the presence of light crimson color (in the presence of adulteration in the detection of alkaline detergents to 5.0%) or crimson-red color (in the presence of falsification in the detection of alkaline detergents more than 5.1%) and the presence of light yellow or brown-yellow color (in the absence of falsification). Various changes in the morphological characteristics of fresh beef of questionable degree of freshness during treatment with detergents and disinfectants, especially pathognomonic when treated with a solution of formaldehyde, potassium permanganate, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and when treated with a solution of chlorine and chlorine solutions. The article presents the results of analysis of microstructural characteristics of fresh beef sold in supermarkets at a temperature of 4±2 ºC for 2 days and questionable freshness for 3−4 days, as well as treated with detergents and disinfectants. Isolated foci of coccal microflora were found in fresh beef; the structure of the nuclei of muscle fibers is clearly expressed, the color is uniform, moderate, the striation of muscle fibers is clearly expressed, the color is uniform; and in the meat of dubious freshness − noted the presence of coccal and rod-shaped microflora in the form of diffuse and focal deposits in the loose connective tissue of superficial fascia, in premixes and endomysias, the structure of muscle fiber nuclei in the state of dissolution, unevenly colored, in places muscle fibers. During the treatment of fresh and dubious fresh beef with formaldehyde solutions (10%) it was found: the appearance in the cytoplasm of cells of small dark brown-yellowish grains of crystalline form; hydrogen peroxide (5%): discoloration of pigments in cells, destruction of muscle fibers, their corrugation, accumulation of fine-grained porous protein mass in the intermuscular space; acetic acid (10%): violation of tissue architecture, in places destruction and lysis of myofibrils and diffuse accumulation between them of a homogeneous mass of protein origin with its subsequent "gelatinization" and partial solution; chlorine solution (chlorine activity 3%): in places microcracks and defibering of myofibrils with formation of cavities between them, insignificant discoloration of pigments in cells were noted; potassium permanganate (5%): the structure of muscle fibers is not preserved, the color is uneven, saturated, there are areas of lysis, sometimes microcracks and fragmentation, edema of intermuscular connective tissue; alkaline detergents: slight discoloration of cell pigments, the presence of microcracks of muscle fibers, edema of connective tissue elements. It should be noted that the timely detection by express methods at the facilities for the circulation of beef, which was treated with detergents and disinfectants, was confirmed by microstructural studies. Therefore, due to food fraud due to accidental contamination or intentional treatment with chemical reagents, it is necessary to assess these risks through the VACCP system.

scholarly journals Особливості будови стравоходу та його лімфоїдної тканини горобця домового (Passer domesticus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (78) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
N.V. Dyshlyuk
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

The features of the structure of the esophagus and its lymphoid tissue of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) have been studied. It is shown that its wall is formed by well expressed mucous, muscular and least developed adventitial (serous in the caudal part) shells. The mucosa forms 7–9 longitudinal folds of leaf-shaped and finger-shaped forms directed into the lumen of the esophagus. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, lamina muscularis and submucosa. The epithelial layer is represented by a multi-layered flat, weakly keratinizing epithelium and is better developed in the cranial part of this organ. Near the proventriculus, it passes into a single-layered cylindrical. In its lamina propria of the mucosa there are bags of numerous large esophageal glands in which mucus is recorded. Their excretory ducts open onto the surface of the mucosal epithelium. The lamina muscularis is intermittent in places, formed by a smooth muscle tissue. The submucosa is weakly expressed and its own plate is formed by a loose fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels. Between the esophagus glands, their excretory ducts and in the submucosa of the tunica mucosa on the border with the tunica muscular are separate clusters of diffuse lymphoid tissue, which are represented by cells of the lymphoid series without noticeable rarefaction and densities. The basis of the diffuse lymphoid tissue is the reticular tissue, the fibers of which, are densely disposed and do not have a definite orientation and form a small grid. In the area of transition of the esophagus to the proventriculus, the esophageal tonsil, which is inherent in many species of birds, is not expressed. In this area in the mucous membrane, only local accumulations of diffuse lymphoid tissue are recorded. There are no prenodules and lymphoid nodules. The tunica muscular of the esophagus is formed by a smooth muscle tissue, which forms the inner–circular and outer – longitudinal layers. Between them, layers of loose fibrous connective tissue and blood vessels are identified. Tunica adventitia (serosa) are formed by a loose fibrous connective tissue, and serosa is also covered by mesothelium.

scholarly journals Metabolic profile and content of the connective tissues’ biopolymers in the blood serum of service boars at the different regime of reproductive loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
O. P. Timoshenko ◽  
G. V. Vikulina ◽  
D. V. Kibkalo ◽  
I. G. Moraru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Group I ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
Destructive Processes

It is necessary to carry out not only the evaluation of sexual activity of breeder boars and the quality of their sperm, but carefully investigate the metabolic status by laboratory methods during the medical examination. It helps to determine the optimal parameters for the implementation of the reproductive potential of the breeder boars. Biochemical methods of research can establish imbalance in metabolism, the nature and localization of cytolytic processes by the degree of enzymes activity in serum. However, in order to detect inflammatory or destructive changes in the connective tissue structures, in particular the musculoskeletal system, the most informative indexes will be biopolymers of the connective tissue – glycoproteins and proteoglycans. The results of a complex examination of clinically healthy breeder boars with different regime of their production use, which includes an extended set of biochemical tests with the determination of glycoprotein, chondroitin sulfate, total glycosaminoglycans and their fractions, are presented in this paper. It was found that the level of such parameters as the total protein and its fractions, urea, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activity, and the MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase did not have any significant differences. For breeder boars that were used in reproductive events irregularly (group I), there was an indicative higher level of creatinine and glycosaminoglycans. In animals with regular use as the herd (group II), the level of creatinine and fractions of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was lower, but there was an increasing in cholesterol, β-lipoproteins, and activity of total creatine phosphokinase. The probable difference in these indicators can be explained by the difference in the intensity of the energy metabolism processes in muscle tissue. Indeed, during long-term hard work of skeletal muscles, not only glycogen stores are used, but also the use of lipids is of great importance. In addition, the raising of cholesterol and β-lipoproteins may be due to their active involvement in the synthesis of steroid hormones. Increasing the activity of total creatine phosphokinase in blood serum of animals with the intensive use in technology probably is the evidence of severe physical activity and the development of destructive processes in muscle tissue (hyperenzymemia is detected in early stages of myopathy). The absence of the most inflammatory processes was evidenced by the unchanged level of serum glycoproteins, which are known as the acute phase tests. Differences in the parameters of the state of connective tissue were determined at the levels of general GAG, their I and III fractions (chondroitin-6-sulfate and heparan sulfate, respectively). In the first group of boars, there was a higher level of I fraction of GAG, that indicated a significant load on the joints' cartilages and the gradual development of destructive processes in them. About the III fraction of GAG, an increasing of their blood content could indicate the reaction of the vascular flow, changes in ventilation of the lungs, the course of anti-inflammatory processes in animals with the appearance of intense physical activity.

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