scholarly journals New opportunities for preoperative diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
S. A. Lukyanov ◽  
S. V. Sergiyko ◽  
S. E. Titov ◽  
Yu. A. Veryaskina ◽  
A. M. Mudunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Benign Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Malignancies

Background. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive human tumors. Since median survival of ATC patients is only 4 months, its early diagnosis is very important. Although ATC has specific clinical manifestations, the analysis of expression of different microRNAs can facilitate preoperative diagnostics and help to detect its potential precursors among differentiated cancers and other thyroid malignancies.The study objective is to identify microRNAs specific for ATC that are different from microRNAs in other thyroid cancers.Materials and methods. We analyzed the expression of 14 microRNAs in histological specimens of 67 patients with ATC. The control groups included 25 patients with benign nodules, 36 patients with follicular adenomas, 32 patients with follicular cancer, and 152 patients with papillary thyroid cancer. For 7 out of 67 ATC patients, we compared mi-croRNA levels in histological and cytological specimens.Results. Patients with ATC demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the expression of miR-145, miR-125b and increase in the expression of miR-155 and miR-21 compared to all control groups. We found two reliable diagnostic markers of ATC: relative miR-21 expression (at a cutoff of 14.9, sensitivity was 0.955 and specificity was 0.837) and the miR-21/miR-145 ratio (at a cutoff of 122, sensitivity was 0.955 and specificity was 0.955). The level of miR-21 expression and miR-21/miR-145 ratio in cytological specimens were accurate in all 7 cases (100 %).Conclusion. the level of expression of specific microRNAs can be used as a reliable biomarker for ATC. The consistency between the results obtained in cytological and histological specimens enables the use of stained cytological samples for this analysis.

scholarly journals Stratification of papillary thyroid cancer relapse risk based on the results of molecular genetic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Lukyanov ◽  
S. V. Sergiyko ◽  
S. E. Titov ◽  
I. V. Reshetov ◽  
Yu. A. Veryaskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Braf Mutation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Microrna Expression ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
American Thyroid Association ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Introduction. Post-transcriptional mechanisms play a crucial role in the biological course and clinical manifestations of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Recent studies show that an increased content of oncogenic or reduced content of oncosuppressive microRNAs increases the aggressiveness of the tumor and correlates with an unfavorable prognosis of treatment, which allows them to be used in personalizing the treatment tactics of patients with PTC. The study objective is to compare the level of expression of 12 PTC-specific microRNAs and the frequency of V600E mutation of the BRAF gene in patients with different risk of relapse. Materials and methods. The study included 175 patients with PTC. For quantitative analysis of microRNA expression, a reverse transcription reaction followed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction in formalin-fixed paraffin blocks was used. Correlations between 12 microRNA expression and BRAF mutation with different clinical and anatomical features of PTC the risk of relapse according to the American Thyroid Association Risk Stratification System (2009) were analyzed. Results. We demonstrated that miR-146b, miR-221, miR-144, miR-451a, and miR-7 expression correlated with features such as extrathyroid tumor growth, larger size, multifocus, lymph node metastasis, and the presence of distant metastases of the PTC. Most importantly, miR-221, miR-144, miR-451a, and miR-7 expression correlated with risk levels, suggesting their potential significance in stratifying the risk of relapsing PTC. The dependence of the clinical behavior of PTC on the BRAF mutation has not been established.Conclusion. The result of the study will contribute to the individual choice of preoperative treatment tactics for patients with PTC. 

Exceptional response to vemurafenib and cobimetinib in anaplastic thyroid cancer 40 years after treatment for papillary thyroid cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Green ◽  
Richard H Schwartz ◽  
Jasmine Shell ◽  
Michael Allgauer ◽  
Daniel Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid

scholarly journals Loss of Heterozygosity of the Long Arm of Chromosome 7 in Follicular and Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, but Not in Papillary Thyroid Cancer1

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 3235-3240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Trovato ◽  
Filippo Fraggetta ◽  
Daniela Villari ◽  
Dario Batolo ◽  
Karol Mackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Chromosome 7 ◽  
Papillary Thyroid

scholarly journals MON-LB82 Plasma Expression Level of MiRNA -21 Is Related With the Presence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birute Zilaitiene ◽  
Aiste Kondrotiene ◽  
Daina Pamedytyte ◽  
Vaida Simanaviciene ◽  
Dalia Dauksiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Benign Nodules

Abstract Introduction.: There is no effective and reliable biomarker to distinguish benign thyroid nodules (BTN) from papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). In this study we analyzed a set of four miRNA molecules in plasma of patients with papillary thyroid cancer, benign nodules and healthy controls to identify miRNA molecules that may be markers of PTC.Aim.: We aimed to investigate the dysregulation of plasma miRNAs in PTC and evaluate the diagnostic value for differentiation of PTC from BTN. Methods.: The expression levels of 4 miRNAs (miR-221, miR-222, miR-146b, miR-21) were measured in 48 PTC patients before thyroidectomy and again after thyroidectomy in a subgroup of 36 patients. Preoperative and postoperative plasma miRNA expression levels were compared with baseline levels established in plasma from the heathy controls group (N=57) and patients with BTN (N=22). MicroRNA-222 and miR-146b, miR-221, miR-21 were included in a panel because they all reportedly were overexpressed in PTC compared to benign nodules or normal thyroid tissue.Results.: Compared with baseline levels in the healthy controls group, miR-221, miR-222, miR-146b, miR-21 levels were significantly higher in the preoperative PTC group (P <0.0001, P=0.002, P=0.028, P =0.021, respectively). A significant reduction in miR-21 expression was observed in postoperative PTC patients. MiR-21 decreased by 5.98-fold (P=0.046) in post- operative samples compared with preoperative samples in the PTC patients.In comparison MiRNRs expression levels in BTN group with healthy controls, miR-221, miR-21 expression levels were significantly higher in the BTN group (P=0.003, P=0.048, respectively). No significant difference was observed between the preoperative PTC group and the preoperative BTN group with regard to the expression of these four miRNA’s. Conclusions: The expression levels of miR-222, miR-146b in plasma were significantly higher in patients who had PTC than in healthy volunteers, whereas levels of miR-221, miR-21 in plasma were significantly higher in patients who had either PTC or BTN before thyroidectomy than in healthy volunteers. Furthermore, miR-21 showed a significant reduction of expression levels after thyroidectomy in PTC patients. However, value of these four miRNAs is still limited in differential diagnosis of PTC and benign nodules.

The Role of Different Molecular Markers in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients with Acromegaly

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (07) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ela Keskin ◽  
Hande Mefkure Ozkaya ◽  
Sina Ferahman ◽  
Ozlem Haliloglu ◽  
Adem Karatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Benign Nodules ◽  
Igf1 Expression

Abstract Purpose Prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is increased in patients with acromegaly. We aimed to determine the protein expression of BRAF, RAS, RET, insulin like growth factor 1(IGF1), Galectine 3, CD56 in patients with PTC related acromegaly and to compare the extensity of these expressions with normal PTC patients and benign thyroid nodules. Methods We studied 313 patients with acromegaly followed in Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic between 1998 and 2015. On the basis of availability of pathological specimen of thyroid tissues, thyroid samples of 13 patients from 19 with acromegaly related PTC (APTC), 20 normal PTC and 20 patients with multinodulary goiter (MNG) were histopathologically evaluated. Protein expressions were determined via immunohistochemical staining in ex-vivo tumor samples and benign nodules. Results The incidence of PTC in acromegaly patients were 6% (n=19). Among patients with PTC, APTC and MNG, all the immunohistochemical protein expressions we have studied were higher in papillary thyroid cancer groups (p<0.01, for all). Between PTC group without acromegaly and APTC, galectin 3 and IGF1 expression was significantly higher in acromegalic patients (p<0.01 for all) while RAS was predominantly higher in PTC patients without acromegaly (p<0.01). Conclusion BRAF expression was not higher in PTC with acromegaly patients compared to PTC patients without acromegaly. Galectine 3 and IGF1 were expressed more intensively in APTC. These positive protein expressions may have more influence on determining malign nodules among acromegaly patients.

scholarly journals Elevated Concentrations of SERPINE2/Protease Nexin-1 and Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor in the Serum of Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Stępień ◽  
Mateusz Brożyna ◽  
Krzysztof Kuzdak ◽  
Ewelina Motylewska ◽  
Jan Komorowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Protease Nexin

Introduction. SERPINE2 and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) are proteins with anticoagulant properties which could promote solid tumor growth. However, their role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer has not been determined. Materials and Methods. The aim of this study was to assess serum SERPINE2 and SLPI concentrations in a group of 36 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and a group of 19 subjects with multinodular nontoxic goiter (MNG). The control group (CG) consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were collected one day before surgery. Serum SERPINE2 and SLPI concentrations were measured using specific ELISA methods. Results. Significantly higher concentrations of SERPINE2 and SLPI were found in patients with PTC as compared with MNG and controls. Positive correlation was found between SERPINE2 and SLPI concentrations in PTC patients. The levels of SERPINE2 and SLPI did not differ significantly between MNG and healthy controls. Conclusions. Our results indicate that SERPINE2 and SLPI play a significant role in the development of papillary thyroid cancer and imply that the evaluation of serum concentrations of both anticoagulant molecules may be considered as additional marker for the differentiation of malignancies during the preoperative diagnosis of patients with thyroid gland tumors.

scholarly journals Molecular Imaging of Galectin-1 Expression as a Biomarker of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Using Peptide-Functionalized Imaging Probes

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Deborah Fanfone ◽  
Dimitri Stanicki ◽  
Denis Nonclercq ◽  
Marc Port ◽  
Luce Vander Elst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Benign Nodules

Thyroid cancers are the most frequent endocrine cancers and their incidence is increasing worldwide. Thyroid nodules occur in over 19–68% of the population, but only 7–15% of them are diagnosed as malignant. Diagnosis relies on a fine needle aspiration biopsy, which is often inconclusive and about 90% of thyroidectomies are performed for benign lesions. Galectin-1 has been proposed as a confident biomarker for the discrimination of malignant from benign nodules. We previously identified by phage display two peptides (P1 and P7) targeting galectin-1, with the goal of developing imaging probes for non-invasive diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The peptides were coupled to ultra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) or to a near-infrared dye (CF770) for non-invasive detection of galectin-1 expression in a mouse model of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC, as the most frequent one) by magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging. The imaging probes functionalized with the two peptides presented comparable image enhancement characteristics. However, those coupled to P7 were more favorable, and showed decreased retention by the liver and spleen (known for their galectin-1 expression) and high sensitivity (75%) and specificity (100%) of PTC detection, which confirm the aptitude of this peptide to discriminate human malignant from benign nodules (80% sensitivity, 100% specificity) previously observed by immunohistochemistry.

scholarly journals CD74 expression and its therapeutic potential in thyroid carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ping Cheng ◽  
Chien-Liang Liu ◽  
Ming-Jen Chen ◽  
Ming-Nan Chien ◽  
Ching-Hsiang Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Advanced Tumor Stage ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Extrathyroidal Invasion ◽  
Advanced Tumor

CD74, the invariant chain of major histocompatibility complex class II, is also a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). CD74 and MIF have been associated with tumor progression and metastasis in hematologic and solid tumors. In this study, we found that 60 and 65% of papillary thyroid cancers were positive for CD74 and MIF immunohistochemical staining respectively. Anaplastic thyroid cancer was negative for MIF, but mostly positive for CD74 expression. Normal thyroid tissue and follicular adenomas were negative for CD74 expression. CD74 expression in papillary thyroid cancer was associated with larger tumor size (P=0.043), extrathyroidal invasion (P=0.021), advanced TNM stage (P=0.006), and higher MACIS score (P=0.026). No clinicopathological parameter was associated with MIF expression. Treatment with anti-CD74 antibody in thyroid cancer cells inhibited cell growth, colony formation, cell migration and invasion, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. In contrast, treatment with recombinant MIF induced an increase in cell invasion. Anti-CD74 treatment reduced AKT phosphorylation and stimulated AMPK activation. Our findings suggest that CD74 overexpression in thyroid cancer is associated with advanced tumor stage and may serve as a therapeutic target.

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