scholarly journals Saberes experienciais do preceptor da residência de Enfermagem: um estudo etnográfico

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Letycia Sardinha Peixoto Manhães ◽  
Cláudia Mara de Melo Tavares ◽  
Rejane Eleuterio Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Laxe Marcondes ◽  
Pâmela Gioza da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
Experiential Knowledge ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Seminar Participant ◽  
Training Strategies

Problem:  the  preceptor  assumes  responsibility  in  the  process  of teaching. Guidance and follow-up with residents are challenges due to the environment to  which  they  are  exposed.  Aims:  to  identify  how  experiential  knowledge  mobilizes pedagogical  knowledge  in  the  preceptors  of  nursing  residency,  and  to  discuss  training strategies  for  preceptors.  Method:  this  is  a  qualitative  and  ethnographic  research.  A seminar,  participant  observation  and  interviews  were  conducted,  following  Resolution 466/2012 of the CNS, under opinion number 183,578. Result: the preceptors highlighted their  experience  as  the  foundation  of  knowledge  and  as  a  precondition  for  the educational action of the preceptor. Discussion: the pedagogical training of the teacher must  take  place  according  to  learning  demands,  in  order  to  guide  them  in  the construction  of  a  pedagogically  active  position,  enabling  the resignification  of  work  and knowledge.  Conclusion:  experiential  knowledge  provides  integration  with  the  work context; the experience itself ensures the practice of the profession.

Being an Addict and Healing: Narratives and Practices in A Gospel Rehabilitation Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Yumeng YAO
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Geographic Factor ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Healing Narratives

As a social problem, addiction is especially troublesome in the southwestern border areas of China. This research explores how they became addicts and how to deal with it based on six months of ethnographic research in a gospel rehabilitation center in Yunnan. In rationality analysis and discussion, personal choices of drug users arc often held accountable. However > it is necessary to take the geographic factor and historical background into consideration when reflecting on their way of being addicted. Besides? this study would > through personal narratives of drug addicts? attempt to introduce the irrationality factor of desire to analyze from the perspective of the subjects how their drug use experience is related to the society through desires. And then, by using participant observation of their daily practices in the center, this study makes an in-depth exploration of how such desires arc handled through healing treatment at the Gospel Rehabilitation Center. And how they through healing practices to realize rebirth.

CONOCIMIENTOS DISCIPLINARES Y PEDAGÓGICOS DE LAS EDUCADORAS DE PÁRVULOS EN CHILE

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-251
Author(s):  
Fabiola Moreno Vera ◽  
Agustín De la Herrán Gascón
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Teacher Survey ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Resumen:Se estudia si la percepción de los conocimientos profesionales (disciplinares y pedagógicos) de las educadoras de párvulos de Chile está asociada al nivel de conocimientos que realmente tienen. Con este fin se aplicaron dos instrumentos de recogida de datos, previamente validados. El primero fue un cuestionario diseñado sobre la Encuesta Nacional Docente realizada por el Ministerio de Educación de Chile. El segundo fue la prueba INICIA (Ministerio de Educación de Chile, 2013), aplicada anualmente a los alumnos egresados de las carreras de educación parvularia. Los resultados indican que el nivel de conocimientos técnicos y pedagógicos de las educadoras de párvulos es extremadamente bajo, lo que se ve agravado por una falsa percepción acerca de su nivel de formación disciplinar y pedagógica. Las conclusiones apuntan a que la profesión de educadora de párvulos en Chile tiene un gran desafío formativo por delante. Abstract:It examines whether the perception of professional knowledge (disciplinary and pedagogical) of preschool teachers in Chile is associated with the level of knowledge they actually have. With this aim, two instruments of data collection were applied, previously validated. The first was a questionnaire designed on National Teacher Survey conducted by the Ministry of Education of Chile. The second one was the INICIA (Ministry of Education of Chile, 2013), applied annually to the pupils of nursery education. The results indicate that the level of technical and pedagogical knowledge of pre-school teachers is extremely low, which is exacerbated by a false perception of their level of disciplinary and pedagogical training. The findings suggest that the profession of nursery teachers in Chile has a great educational challenge ahead.

scholarly journals Elite ethnography in an insecure place

Focaal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (82) ◽  
pp. 80-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Armytage
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
The Relationship

Based on ethnographic research conducted with the wealthiest and most powerful business owners and politicians in urban Pakistan from 2013 to 2015, this article examines the particular set of epistemological and interpersonal issues that arise when studying elite actors. In politically unstable contexts like Pakistan, the relationship between the researcher and the elite reveals shifting power dynamics of class, gender, and national background, which are further complicated by the prevalence of rumor and the exceptional ability of elite informants to obscure that which they would prefer remain hidden. Specifically, this article argues that the researcher’s positionality, and the inversion of traditional power dynamics between the researcher and the researched, can ameliorate, as well as exacerbate, the challenges of undertaking participant observation with society’s most powerful.

scholarly journals Assistência psiquiátrica prestada por técnicos de enfermagem

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Aldo Mattos ◽  
Marciana Fernandes Moll ◽  
Mariana Oliveira Souto ◽  
Moisés Augusto De Paiva Neves
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Care Practices

RESUMOObjetivo: investigar as práticas assistenciais dos técnicos de Enfermagem às pessoas com transtornos mentais. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, com produção de dados por meio da observação participante dos cuidados prestados por 12 técnicos de Enfermagem. As observações foram registradas em um diário de campo e submetidas à técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade Análise Temática. Resultados: destacou-se a medicalização do cuidado e as intervenções não medicamentosas centraram-se na higienização, alimentação e sono. Nesse sentido, esses profissionais transferiram ao familiar/acompanhante parte de suas responsabilidades como a observação do paciente, a oferta das refeições, a condução para o banho, a organização do leito e o acompanhamento para a realização dos exames. A conduta mais empática ocorria na alta hospitalar quando se dialogava e organizava os pertences do paciente e do acompanhante para conduzi-los à portaria. Conclusão: o tema é relevante e os resultados sinalizam a importância da qualificação dos técnicos de Enfermagem para cuidarem de pessoas com transtornos mentais. Faz-se necessário que esses profissionais integrem habilidades relacionais às habilidades técnicas, o que corresponde à principal implicação prática dos resultados desta investigação. Descritores: Enfermagem; Psiquiatria; Hospitalização; Assistência; Hospitais gerais; Medicalização. ABSTRACTObjective: to investigate nursing care practices of people with mental disorders. Method: qualitative, descriptive study, with data production through participant observation of the care provided by 12 Nursing technicians. The observations were recorded in a field diary and submitted to the Content Analysis technique, in the Thematic Analysis modality. Results: the medicalization of care was emphasized and non-medication interventions focused on hygiene, feeding and sleep. In this sense, these professionals transferred to the family member / companion part of their responsibilities such as patient observation, meal offerings, bathing, bed organization and follow-up for the examinations. The most empathic behavior occurred at hospital discharge when the patient and the companion's belongings were discussed and organized to lead them to the door. Conclusion: the theme is relevant and the results indicate the importance of the qualification of Nursing technicians to care for people with mental disorders. It is necessary that these professionals integrate skills related to technical skills, which corresponds to the main practical implication of the results of this research. Descriptors: Nursing; Psychiatry; Hospitalization; Assistance; Hospitals, General; Medicalization.RESUMENObjetivo: investigar las prácticas asistenciales de los técnicos de Enfermería a las personas con trastornos mentales. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, con producción de datos por medio de la observación participante de los cuidados prestados por 12 técnicos de Enfermería. Las observaciones fueron registradas en un diario de campo y sometidas a la técnica de Análisis de Contenido, en la modalidad Análisis Temático. Resultados: se destacó la medicalización del cuidado y las intervenciones no medicamentosas se centraron en la higienización, alimentación y sueño. En este sentido, estos profesionales transfirieron al familiar / acompañante parte de sus responsabilidades, como la observación del paciente, la oferta de las comidas, la conducción para el baño, la organización del lecho y el acompañamiento para la realización de los exámenes. La conducta más empática ocurría en el alta hospitalaria, cuando se dialogaba y organizaban las pertenencias del paciente y del acompañante para conducirlos a la portería. Conclusión: el tema es relevante y los resultados señalan la importancia de la calificación de los técnicos de Enfermería para cuidar de personas con trastornos mentales. Se hace necesario que estos profesionales integren habilidades relacionales a las habilidades técnicas, lo que corresponde a la principal implicación práctica de los resultados de esa investigación. Descriptores: Enfermería; Psiquiatría; Hospitalización; Asistencia; Hospitales Generales; Medicalización.

scholarly journals A luta do povo Puruborá pela escola: resistências e conquistas / The Puruborá people's struggle for school: resistence and achievements

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Anatália Daiane de Oliveira ◽  
Marli Lúcia Tonatto Zibetti
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
School Education ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Political Processes

O texto descreve e analisa os processos históricos e políticos na conquista da escola do povo Puruborá na Aldeia Aperoi, em Seringueiras - Rondônia. A pesquisa de tipo etnográfico fez uso de observação participante registrada em diário de campo, análise documental e entrevistas. Os dados foram analisados por meio de triangulação dos resultados, em diálogo com trabalhos de investigação que discutem a temática da educação escolar indígena, nos aspectos históricos e condições atuais de desenvolvimento. Os resultados indicam que a implantação da escola na referida aldeia é resultado da luta do resistente povo Puruborá.Palavras-chave: Povo Puruborá; Educação escolar indígena; Resistência; Pesquisa etnográfica. ABSTRACT: The text describes and analyzes the historical and political processes in the conquest of the Puruborá people’s school in the Aperoi Village in Seringueiras - Rondônia. The ethnographic research used the participant observation registered in a field diary, document analysis and interviews. The data were analyzed by triangulation of the results, in dialogue with research papers that discuss the thematic of the indigenous education, the historical aspects and current conditions of development. The results indicate that the establishment of the school in that village is the result of the struggle of the resistant Puruborá People.Keywords: Puruporá People; Indigenous school education; Resistance. Ethnographic research.

Small but Focused

2016 ◽  
pp. 93-122
Author(s):  
Catarina Sales Oliveira ◽  
Nuno Amaral Jerónimo
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Depth Interviews

In this chapter, we will offer some reflections on ICT accessibility, uses and perceptions by rural women. Using a sociological conceptual framework based on discussions on gender, ICT gap, and women empowerment (Stromquist, 2014; Mezirow, 2006), we will try to understand, in an innovative way, the available statistical data collected in national and international surveys on this subject; we will also add qualitative data collected in an exploratory study, conducted in a Portuguese rural village. This study was a multi-site ethnographic research project (Falzon & Hall, 2009) with participant observation and in-depth interviews. We analysed the infrastructure conditions and constraints, with the aim of giving a voice to the interviewed women, in order to better understand their representations of ICT and the reasons for their use and non-use. The results allow us to advance some possible paths to mitigate some of the constraints to ICT empowerment among rural women.

scholarly journals Challenges, Distrust, and Understanding: Employing Communicative Action in Improving Trust in a Public Medical Sector in Uganda

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401989370
Author(s):  
Grace Akello ◽  
Ulrike Beisel
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
The Government

We assessed how the everyday work challenges that frontline health workers (FRHWs) face in the government health sector in northern Uganda influence their trust in the Ministry of Health (MOH). We employed qualitative research techniques, including interviews and participant observation, over a 9-month period to examine FRHWs’ viewpoints about how the MOH should address these challenges in service delivery. One hundred and sixty-five FRHWs, of whom 48 were recruited for extensive follow-up, participated in our study. Key findings include distrust in the MOH is prevalent among FRHWs, there is a lack of trust in the organization’s coordination role in service delivery and this affects health care delivery to patients, interrelations, and provider cooperation. Therefore, restoring trust in government hospitals will require a truthful non-violent response by the MOH in its contractual agreement with FRHWs. In our analysis, we employ Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action.

scholarly journals “First Week Is Editorial, Second Week Is Algorithmic”: Platform Gatekeepers and the Platformization of Music Curation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 205630511988000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziano Bonini ◽  
Alessandro Gandini
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Data Platform ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Music Streaming

This article investigates the logics that underpin music curation, and particularly the work of music curators, working at digital music streaming platforms. Based on ethnographic research that combines participant observation and a set of interviews with key informants, the article questions the relationship between algorithmic and human curation and the specific workings of music curation as a form of platform gatekeeping. We argue that music streaming platforms in combining proprietary algorithms and human curators constitute the “new gatekeepers” in an industry previously dominated by human intermediaries such as radio programmers, journalists, and other experts. The article suggests understanding this gatekeeping activity as a form of “algo-torial power” that has the ability to set the “listening agendas” of global music consumers. While the power of traditional gatekeepers was mainly of an editorial nature, albeit data had some relevance in orienting their choices, the power of platform gatekepeers is an editorial power “augmented” and enhanced by algorithms and big data. Platform gatekeepers have more data, more tools to manage and to make sense of these data, and thus more power than their predecessors. Platformization of music curation then consists of a data-intense gatekeeping activity, based on different mixes of algo-torial logics, that produces new regimes of visibility. This makes the platform capitalistic model potentially more efficient than industrial capitalism in transforming audience attention into data and data into commodities.

scholarly journals Care through cohort studies: sociological survey of the PROOF cohort study on vascular and cognitive aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-747
Author(s):  
A Savall ◽  
R Charles ◽  
T Bujon ◽  
F Roche ◽  
J C Barthélémy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
French Cohort

Abstract Background The success of health research depends on the involvement of participants. Few studies have examined the participation of subjects in cohorts. Drawing on a sociological survey on a French cohort around aging, this study proposes to question the nature of interactions between researchers and subjects that would help to understand the motivations of subjects to participate and remain in health research studies. Methods Qualitative study combining participant observation within the research laboratory that conducted the cohort and semi-structured interviews with subjects included in the cohort and with members of the research team. Results This study highlights the existence of two-way care: from the laboratory to the subjects and from the cohort to researchers. Health research seems to correspond to a complex association between subjects concerned with aging and the expected benefits of exceptional monitoring. Research is incorporated into subjects’ daily lives, allowing a shift in the purpose of research from overmedicalization to medical safety that subjects experienced as a form of care. Conclusions In cohort studies, care is understood as a form of attention to the person through high-quality medical follow-up. Aging is turned into a matter of concern that subjects, in collaboration with researchers, strive to control.

scholarly journals Sociality and temporality in local experiences of distress and healing: Ethnographic research in northern Rwanda

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152094967
Author(s):  
Yuko Otake ◽  
Teisi Tamming
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Idioms Of Distress ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post War ◽  
Social Reconnection ◽  
Depth Interviews

Prior studies have traced sociality and temporality as significant features of African healing. However, association between the two has not been explicitly investigated. This paper explores how sociality and temporality are associated in local experiences of distress and healing among northern Rwandans. The ethnographic research, including in-depth interviews, focus-group discussions and participant observation, was conducted in 2015–2016, with 43 participants from the Musanze district who have suffered from not only the genocide but also post-genocide massacres. Findings identified common local idioms of distress: ibikomere (wounded feelings), ihungabana (mental disturbances), ihahamuka (trauma), and kurwara mu mutwe (illness of the head, severe mental illness). One stage of distress was perceived to develop into another, slightly more serious than the previous. Social isolation played a significant role in the development as it activated ‘remembering’ and ‘thinking too much’ about the past and worsened symptoms. Subsequently, healing was experienced through social reconnection and a shift of time orientation from the past to the future; the healing experience traced a process of leaving the past behind, moving forwards and creating a future through community involvement. The experiences of distress and healing in this population were explained by two axes, i.e. sociality (isolation – reconnection) and temporality (past – future), which are associated with each other. Given the sociality–temporality association in African post-war healing, the study highlights that assistant programmes that facilitate social practice and future creation can be therapeutic and be an alternative for people who cannot benefit from talking-based and trauma-focused approaches.

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