scholarly journals SEASON DYNAMICS OF THE TEMPERATURE MODE OF BILOOZERSKYI MASSIVE OF RIVNE NATURAL RESERVE

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Koval
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Different Seasons

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to analyze the temperature regime of the Biloozerskyi massive of Rivne Nature Reserve according to the data of the three nearest meteorological stations and to identify its dynamics and patterns. Methods. In the work are used the results of observations of the air temperature of the meteorological stations in Sarny, Lyubeshiv and Manevychi for the period of 2006-2018, which are freely available on the Internet: http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru. Climatological information was analyzed during the research. Mathematical statistics calculations have been applied to determine the decade air temperatures. Techniques for building graphical models (Excel software) for the annual course of air temperature were used. Graphic models set the date of transition of air temperature across thresholds, the length of periods with different temperatures and the length of periods with winter thaw and high summer temperatures. The work is based on statistical, analytical, comparative, graphic and descriptive research methods. Results. The daily, ten-day, monthly, annual, and long-term values of air temperature were analyzed and the date of steady transition of average daily air temperature across thresholds was established. The dynamics of starting and ending dates of different seasons and their duration are investigated. It is established that the duration of different seasons varies and varies significantly over the years. The cold season covers the winter and is characterized by alternation of cold and warm periods: the flow of cold air masses is accompanied by a decrease in air temperature, and the flow of warm air masses is accompanied by short or long thaws. In general, most of the winter is thawed days. The warm season covers spring, summer and autumn. Spring is the least longest and most dynamic period of the year. According to the peculiarities of the development of circulation processes and the rate of change of air temperature, spring and autumn are divided into several periods. The division of the transitional seasons into periods is conditioned by the beginning and the end of the warm period and the periods of vegetation and active vegetation. Summer is the longest period of the year. The summer is characterized by periods with high temperatures, when maximum temperatures are recorded in different grades. Scientific novelty. The research of the temperature regime of the protected area under the conditions of modern climate change is carried out. The dates of beginning and ending of different seasons, their duration and dynamics are established and regularities are formed. The practical significance. The materials of the research can be used for further meteorological research of nature reserves, for the needs of recreation, agrometeorology and in the educational process in the study of regional disciplines.

scholarly journals Identification of solar radiation effect on climatic indicators of the territory of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Statistical Dependence ◽  
Physical Processes

Formulation of the problem. Understanding that solar energy is the main source of the majority of biological, chemical and physical processes on Earth, investigation of its influence on different climatic fields allows us to define the features of its space and hour fluctuations. To define radiation and temperature regime of the territory it is necessary to determine climatic features of the spreading surface, which absorbs and will transform solar energy. Considering the fact that modern climatic changes and their consequences cover all components of the system, today there is a problem of their further study for comprehension of atmospheric processes, modeling weather conditions on different territories depending on the properties. The purpose of the article is to determine interrelations between indexes of solar radiation (the Wolf's number) and air temperature, atmospheric pressure on the territory of Ukraine during 1965-2015, their change in space and time. Methods. Correlative method is one of the main methods of a statistical analysis which allows us to receive correlation coefficients of solar radiation variability indexes, air temperature, atmospheric pressure on the territory of the research. This technique estimates the extent of solar radiation influence on temperature regime of the territory and distribution of atmospheric pressure. Results. Coefficients of correlation, which characterize variability of solar radiation indexes, air temperature and atmospheric pressure on the explored territory have been received by means of statistical correlation analysis method. This technique allows us to estimate the degree and nature of solar radiation influence on a temperature regime of the territory and distribution of atmospheric pressure. It has been defined that direct correlative connection between indexes of solar radiation is characteristic of air temperature and atmospheric pressure fields. Significant statistical dependence between incoming solar radiation on the territory of Ukraine and atmospheric pressure has been noted during the spring and autumn periods mainly at the majority of stations. Between indexes of solar radiation and air temperature the inverse correlative connection in winter will be transformed to a direct connection during the spring and summer periods. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Physical processes, which happen in the atmosphere, are characterized by complex interrelations. For further research it is important to define solar radiation value and the extent of influence on climatic conditions.

scholarly journals The role of phytophysiognomies and seasonality on the structure of ground-dwelling anuran (Amphibia) in the Pampa biome, southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1105-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCIELE P. MARAGNO ◽  
TIAGO G. SANTOS ◽  
SONIA Z. CECHIN
Keyword(s):  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Pseudis Minuta

ABSTRACT Considering that habitat use by amphibians is related both with climate and environmental features, we tested the hypothesis that anuran assemblages found in different phytophysiognomies and in different seasons vary in structure. Additionally, we searched for species which can be indicators of habitat and seasons. The study was conducted in the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Sampling was done through pitfall traps placed in three phytophysiognomies: grassland, ecotone grassland/forest; and forest. The seasonality factor was created by grouping months in warn and cold seasons. Sixteen species were found and the assemblages were influenced both by phytophysiognomies and climatic seasonality. In a paired comparison, the three phytophysiognomies differed in structure of assemblage from each other. Physalaemus henselii, P. riograndensis, Pseudopaludicola falcipes and Pseudis minuta were indicators of ecotone. Leptodactylus gracilis and Physalaemus biligonigerus were indicators of grassland. None species was indicator of forest. Most of the species were indicators of warm season: Elachistocleis bicolor, Leptodactylus fuscus, L. gracilis, L. latinasus, L. latrans, L. mystacinus, Physalaemus biligonigerus, P. cuvieri and Pseudis minuta. None species was indicator of cold season. We found that even for species of open areas, as Pampa, heterogeneous phytophysiognomies are important for maintaining abundance and constancy of populations of anuran.

scholarly journals An Objectively Determined Blocking Index and its Northern Hemisphere Climatology

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 2948-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Small ◽  
Eyad Atallah ◽  
John R. Gyakum
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Intraseasonal Variability ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Anticyclonic Circulation ◽  
Blocking Activity ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Blocking Index

Abstract A modified blocking index is defined based on vertically integrated potential vorticity. The application of this index identifies blocking activity over the Northern Hemisphere during all seasons. The index is developed by systematically identifying the magnitude and spatial scale that best characterizes persistent anticyclonic circulation anomalies in different seasons. By applying a systematic approach to the detection of blocking, the interannual, seasonal, and intraseasonal patterns of blocking frequency across the Northern Hemisphere are able to be characterized. The results are consistent with previous studies in finding that blocking is more frequent in the cold season months than in the warm season, although the results suggest that blocking occurs much more frequently in the summer and fall than many studies have previously reported. By examining blocking frequency monthly, interesting patterns of intraseasonal variability are found, especially over the central Pacific in August and the eastern Pacific in September and October, where blocking is nearly as frequent as in the winter. Possible explanations for this intraseasonal variability are discussed.

scholarly journals Differences in temperature regime of mineral and peat soil in Bakchar district of Tomsk region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Egor Anatolievich Dyukarev ◽  
Anatoly Аndreevich Vyaizya ◽  
Kiselev Vladimirovich Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Tomsk Region

The results of long-term monitoring of soil temperature regime at Bakchar district (Tomsk region) located in the southern taiga zone of Western Siberia are presented. The temperature regimes of peat and mineral soils are compared; their difference is shown. Peat soil has a smoothed temperature dynamics compared to mineral soil. According to monthly average data, in the warm season, the upper 80 cm of peat soil is 57 C colder than the mineral soil and 0.31.0 C warmer in the cold season. The increased thermal inertia of the peat soil prevents both its heating and cooling.

scholarly journals An Object-based Climatology of Precipitation Systems in Sydney, Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Ayat ◽  
Jason P. Evans ◽  
Steven C. Sherwood ◽  
Joshua Soderholm
Keyword(s):  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Translation Speed ◽  
Precipitation System ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Storm Characteristics ◽  
Sydney Australia

Abstract The climate is warming and this is changing some aspects of storms, but we have relatively little knowledge of storm characteristics beyond intensity, which limits our understanding of storms overall. In this study, we apply a cell-tracking algorithm to 20 years of radar data at a mid-latitude coastal-site (Sydney, Australia), to establish a regional precipitation system climatology. The results show that extreme storms in terms of translation-speed, size and rainfall intensity usually occur in the warm season, and are slower and more intense over land between ~10am and ~8pm (AEST), peaking in the afternoon. Precipitation systems are more frequent in the cold season and often initiate over the ocean and move northward, leading to precipitation mostly over the ocean. Using clustering algorithms, we have found five precipitation system types with distinct properties, occurring throughout the year but peaking in different seasons. While overall rainfall statistics don't show any link to climate modes, links do appear for some system types using a multivariate approach. This climatology for a variety of precipitation system characteristics will allow future study of any changes in these characteristics due to climate change.

Ice Nucleating Particles in Southern Chile and their connection to clouds 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Wex ◽  
Xianda Gong ◽  
Boris Barja ◽  
Patric Seifert ◽  
Martin Radenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Warm Season ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Chem Phys ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Almost All

<p>Concentrations of atmospheric ice nucleating particles (INP) were obtained from weekly filter samples which were collected from May 2019 until March 2020 in southern Chile. Sampling took place at an altitude of 620m above sea level, on top of Cerro Mirador, a mountain directly to the west of Punta Arenas (53°S, 71°W). Additional aerosol properties such as particle number size distributions were measured as well. In parallel, ground-based remote sensing measurements with lidar and cloud radar were made in Punta Arenas.</p><p>INP concentrations were obtained from washing atmospheric aerosol particles off from deployed polycarbonate filters and subsequent analysis of the samples on two different freezing arrays which were used and described by us earlier (e.g., in Gong et al., 2019 and Hartmann et al., 2020). INP concentrations could be obtained over a broad temperature range from above -5°C down to -25°C.</p><p>INP concentrations were clearly higher than data obtained for the Southern Ocean region as reported in McCluskey et al. (2018) and Welti et al. (2020). Indeed, they were comparable to concentrations measured at Cape Verde (Gong et al., 2020). INP concentrations obtained during the warm season were spreading over ~ 2 orders of magnitude at any temperature. Data obtained for the cold season almost all were at the upper end of the observed INP concentration range, with only one weekly sample featuring low concentrations.</p><p>Heating of the samples was also applied, and the heated samples had clearly lower INP concentrations across the examined temperatures, implying a biological fraction among the INP of ~ 80%. Therefore, local terrestrial sources may be the source of the observed INP.</p><p>The assumption of local terrestrial sources is strengthened by a case study. For that, two subsequent samples obtained during the cold season were examined in more detail. These were the one sample with low INP concentrations which was obtained during the cold season during the week from August 14 to August 22, and the subsequent sample collected from August 22 to August 29, which was amongst the highest samples. Backward trajectories together with an analysis of Lidar data showed that the low INP concentrations were obtained for a time during which air masses predominantly came in from the south with little contact to land and for calm weather conditions. Conditions were not as stable during the following week which featured air masses mostly coming in from the north-west. The aerosol backscatter coefficient at the height level of the in-situ measurements was obtained from lidar observations for both weeks and shows about 50 % lower aerosol load for the first week, when INP concentrations were low.</p><p>All of this hints to local terrestrial sources for the observed highly ice active biogenic INP.</p><p> </p><p>Literature:</p><p>Gong et al. (2019), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10883-10900, doi:10.5194/acp-19-10883-2019.</p><p>Gong et al. (2020), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1451-1468, doi:10.5194/acp-20-1451-2020.</p><p>Hartmann et al. (2020), Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, doi:10.1029/2020GL087770.</p><p>McCluskey et al. (2018), Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, doi:10.1029/2018gl079981.</p><p>Welti et a. (2020), Atmos. Chem. Phys. 20, doi:10.5194/acp-2020-466.</p>

scholarly journals Weather Conditions and Outdoor Fall Injuries in Northwestern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Unguryanu ◽  
Andrej M. Grjibovski ◽  
Tordis A. Trovik ◽  
Børge Ytterstad ◽  
Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fall Injuries ◽  
Northwestern Russia

This study aimed to investigate associations between the weather conditions and the frequency of medically-treated, non-fatal accidental outdoor fall injuries (AOFIs) in a provincial region of Northwestern Russia. Data on all non-fatal AOFIs that occurred from January 2015 through June 2018 (N = 1125) were extracted from the population-based Shenkursk Injury Registry (SHIR). Associations between the weather conditions and AOFIs were investigated separately for the cold (15 October–14 April) and the warm (15 April–14 October) seasons. Negative binomial regression was used to investigate daily numbers of AOFIs in the cold season, while zero-inflated Poisson regression was used for the warm season. The mean daily number of AOFIs was 1.7 times higher in the cold season compared to the warm season (1.10 vs. 0.65, respectively). The most typical accident mechanism in the cold season was slipping (83%), whereas stepping wrong or stumbling over something was most common (49%) in the warm season. The highest mean daily incidence of AOFIs in the cold season (20.2 per 100,000 population) was observed on days when the ground surface was covered by compact or wet snow, air temperature ranged from −7.0 °C to −0.7 °C, and the amount of precipitation was above 0.4 mm. In the warm season, the highest mean daily incidence (7.0 per 100,000 population) was observed when the air temperature and atmospheric pressure were between 9.0 °C and 15.1 °C and 1003.6 to 1010.9 hPa, respectively. Along with local weather forecasts, broadcasting warnings about the increased risks of outdoor falls may serve as an effective AOFI prevention tool.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Spatial and Seasonal Variation of the Error–Intensity Relationship in Satellite-Based Precipitation Measurements Using an Adaptive Parametric Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1700-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Soroosh Sorooshian ◽  
Xiaogang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Warm Season ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Spatial And Seasonal Variation ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Pdf Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Studies have been reported about the efficacy of satellites for measuring precipitation and about quantifying their errors. Based on these studies, the errors are associated with a number of factors, among them, intensity, location, climate, and season of the year. Several error models have been proposed to assess the relationship between the error and the rainfall intensity. However, it is unknown whether these models are adaptive to different seasons, different regions, or different types of satellite-based estimates. Therefore, how the error–intensity relationship varies with the season or region is unclear. To investigate these issues, a parametric joint pdf model is proposed to analyze and study the 9-yr satellite-derived precipitation datasets of Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH); PERSIANN; and the real-time TRMM product 3B42, version 7 (TRMM-3B42-RTV7). The NEXRAD Stage IV product is the ground reference. The adaptability of the proposed model is verified by applying it to three locations (Oklahoma, Montana, and Florida) and by applying it to cold season, warm season, and the entire year. Then, the heteroscedasticities in the errors of satellite-based precipitation measurements are investigated using the proposed model under those scenarios. The results show that the joint pdfs have the same formulation under these scenarios, whereas their parameter sets were adaptively adjusted. This parametric model reveals detailed information about the spatial and seasonal variations of the satellite-based precipitation measurements. It is found that the shape of the conditional pdf shifts across the intensity ranges. At the ~10–20 mm day−1 range, the conditional pdf is L shaped, while at the ~40–60 mm day−1 range, it becomes more bell shaped. It is also concluded that no single satellite-based precipitation product outperforms others with respect to the different scenarios (i.e., seasons, regions, and climates).

Linkages of surface air temperature variations over Central Asia with large-scale climate patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhuang Zhuang ◽  
Jingyong Zhang ◽  
Lingyun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
The North ◽  
Climate Patterns ◽  
Air Temperature Variations

Abstract In this study, we investigate the dominant modes of surface air temperature variations of the cold season (from November through to the next March) and the warm season (from May to September) over Central Asia, and their associations with large-scale climate patterns for the period of 1979–2016. The first two modes of the cold-season surface air temperature (CSAT) over Central Asia, obtained by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, feature the mono-pole structure and the north-south dipole pattern, respectively. For the warm-season surface air temperature (WSAT), the leading two EOF modes are characterized by the homogenous structure and the northwest-southeast seesaw pattern, respectively. Further analysis indicates that the large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies play key roles in the CSAT and WSAT variations over Central Asia. The CSAT variation over Central Asia is closely related with the Scandinavia pattern (SCAND), the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), while the WSAT variation is tightly tied to the East Atlantic/Western Russia pattern (EAWR) and the NAO. These large-scale climate patterns tend to cause the CSAT and WSAT anomalies over Central Asia via their effects on regional geopotential heights, warming advections and other processes. Our findings are expected to facilitate the improvement of understanding and predicting the CSAT and WSAT variations over Central Asia.

scholarly journals METEOROLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE SARNY AND ITS GEOECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
Oksana Romaniv ◽  
Larisa Janello
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The City

The purpose of the study is to assess the meteorological potential of the atmosphere of Sarny and to determine the degree of influence of various parameters of the microclimatic system. The research methodology includes a system of methods and techniques: monographic (used to study the materials of literary sources and Internet resources), mathematical (used a number of special indicators: Coefficient of meteorological potential according to VA Baranovsky, Coefficient of weather hardness Arnoldi for the cold season and heat for the warm season), graphic (used to visualize the results of the study). Research results. The processes of accumulation of harmful substances in the atmospheric air of the city of Sarny prevail over the processes of scattering throughout the year. The best processes of dispersion of harmful substances in the air of the city of Sarny occur in the cold season, the processes of accumulation are most active in July-August. The meteorological potential in Sarny is worse than in Rivne and Dubno, which are located in the southern part of Rivne region. A reliable direct close relationship between the concentration of pollutants (sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde) in the air with a meteorological potential of the atmosphere in Sarni been set. This should be considered when monitoring the atmosphere. During the cold period of the year in the thermal regime of the microclimate of the city the severe weather prevails in the winter months, and in March, October, November - mild weather. In the warm period of the year only in summer the indicators of the thermal regime are in the comfort zone. The weather, which is characterized by extreme thermal discomfort and poses a danger and extreme danger to humans, was not formed during 2016-2018. In the cold season, the relationship between the thermal regime and the level of meteorological potential of the geourbosystem of Sarny is closer. But in the warm season, the self-cleaning abilities of the atmosphere tend to deteriorate with increasing average comfort temperature. We assume that the processes of global warming will make the microclimate of the city of Sarny in the warm season more comfortable in terms of its thermal regime, but less attractive in terms of meteorological potential of the atmosphere. Scientific novelty of the work: the meteorological potential of the atmosphere of the city of Sarny by months for 2016-2018 was calculated; regularities of change of these indicators in warm and cold periods of the year were established; the meteorological potential of Sarny was compared with the indicators of other cities of the region (Dubno and Rivne). The correlations between the meteorological potential of the atmosphere of the city of Sarny with the level of air pollution and with the indicators of the thermal regime for cold and warm seasons have been established. The practical significance of the work is that the obtained results can be used in the form of recommendations to local authorities for the improvement of urban areas to protect the air from pollution in conditions of low meteorological potential. The conclusions obtained in the work can be used as a basis for geoplanning projects for the location of industries. Also, the information obtained in the work can be taken into account by the media to inform the masses in order to form a rational behavior of the population in different weather conditions.

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