scholarly journals The exploration of wave processes in the Arctics geological layers in the presence of the ice field.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Polina V. Stogniy ◽  
◽  
Igor B. Petrov ◽  
Nikolay I. Khokhlov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shelf Zone ◽  
Wave Processes ◽  
Wave Fields ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Problem Description ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
2D Model

The Arctic shelf zone is a very important region in our country due to the huge amounts of hydrocarbons, located there. The exploration of this region is difficult because of the presence of lots of various ice constructions, in particular, ice fields. While carrying out the seismic prospecting works, the reflected waves from the ice field contribute much to the seismograms. It sufficiently complicates the process of further interpretation of the seismograms. Only a few works are devoted to modelling the seismic waves spread through the geological layers of the Arctics in the presence of an ice field as this theme is rather new and needs deeper investigation. In this work we present the results of the investigation of the seismic waves spread in models with an ice field for the 3D case using the grid-characteristic method. The modelling results (wave fields of the velocity distribution and seismograms) allow to identify the reflected waves from the ice field from other waves. In addition, we carried out the comparative analysis of the wave fields and seismograms for the 2D model with an ice field on the surface of the calculated area for the problem description from the work of other authors. The results demonstrate a good qualitative coincidence under different approaches to the solution of the problem.

scholarly journals SELF-EXCITED OSCILLATIONS IN THE DRIFTING ICE COVER OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Smirnov ◽  
S. M. Kovalev ◽  
A. A. Nubom
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Wave Processes ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
Propagation Of Waves ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

During the monitoring of physical-mechanical state of the ice cover of the Arctic Ocean a wide spectrum of oscillation and wave processes was in the system ice-water studied. The investigations were carried out on the drifting stations “North Pole” with seismometers and tiltmeters. Vertical and horizontal displacements in the ice field characterize parameters of wave processes caused by compression and ridging of ice-mechanical self-excited oscillations. Mechanics of appearance and propagation of waves can be considered with an account of elastic-viscous properties of the ice cover. A phenomenological model is considered of appearance of periodic horizontal displacements on an extensive rupture in a continuous ice cover. At the fault of stresses on the rupture elastic horizontally polarized waves are emitted.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROSEISMS AND ACOUSTIC NOISES IN THE TRANSPORT POLYGON CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Dobrorodny ◽  
Oksana A. Kopylova
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Numerical Estimation ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Wave Processes ◽  
Geophysical Monitoring ◽  
Wave Fields ◽  
The Difference

The work is related to numerical estimation and comparative analysis of microseismic and acoustic noise levels in transport polygon conditions. The aim of the work is to study and further define the difference between the signal and noise to improve the ability to detect poorly distinguishable events, as well as to study the propagation features of the interrelated seismic and acoustic wave fields. It is related to the fact that wave processes generated by many natural and anthropogenic sources are conjugate nature. In particular, it is related to simultaneous propagation of seismic waves in the ground and acoustic waves in the atmosphere. It determines expediency of taking into account simultaneously parameters of both types of waves in the tasks of geophysical monitoring of the environment, as well as in solving some applied problems of seismics and acoustics.

The Northern Sea Route as a Tool of Arctic Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-44
Author(s):  
Ju.V. Zvorykina ◽  
K.S. Teteryatnikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Simplified Procedure

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in the socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of Russia. The authors believe that climate change, gradually leading to the melting of polar ice, opens up new opportunities for the development of Arctic resources and navigation in the seas of the Arctic Ocean. Of particular interest to the NSR are non-Arctic countries, critically dependent on the supply of foreign mineral and carbon resources, as well as on the export of their goods to Europe. Among them, China stands out, considering the NSR as the Arctic Blue Economic Corridor as part of the global Silk Road system. The NSR is intended to become an essential tool for further development of the Arctic zone of Russia. Development of port infrastructure and creation of a modern ocean and maritime fleet will accelerate the pace of socio-economic development of this strategically important region. To do this, it is necessary to adopt a federal law on special system of preferences for investors, including foreign ones, implementing their projects in the Arctic. Among such preferences there are preferential profit tax rates, reduction in Mineral Extraction Tax (MET) rates, a declarative procedure for VAT refunds, a simplified procedure for granting land plots and unchanged conditions for the implementation of investment projects. In addition, it is important to make the NSR safe and profitable both in terms of quality of service and of price for the shippers. In particular, the payment for icebreakers’ escort of vessels should be competitive and reasonable. The largest Russian private and state-owned companies should be involved into Arctic projects. It is important to synchronize the Arctic oil and gas projects with nuclear and LNG icebreakers’ construction, as well as with the launch of two logistics hubs in Murmansk and Kamchatka. In this case, year-round NSR navigation will be organized, which will ensure the high competitiveness of Russian products supplied to the Asian Pacific markets.

Laboratory Testing of a Flexible Boom for Ice Management

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lo̸set ◽  
G. W. Timco
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Offshore Structure ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Broken Ice ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
Force Components

Combatting oil spills in the Arctic is a major challenge. Drilling or producing oil or gas in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) may allow booms to be deployed upstream of an offshore structure to clear the water of ice, thereby enabling conventional oil spill countermeasures to be used. Such a boom would be kept in place by two ice-going service vessels or by moored buoys. SINTEF NHL and NRC have performed a number of small-scale tests with a flexible boom in the NRC ice basin in Ottawa. The purpose of the tests was to measure the effectiveness of using a flexible boom for collecting ice, and to determine the loads associated with collecting the ice. In the tests, various boom configurations were towed against a broken ice field consisting of ice pieces typically 50–100 mm across and 30 mm thick. The ice concentration was usually 10/10, but it was reduced to 8/10 and 5/10 for two tests. The boom was towed at speeds of 20 and 50 mm-s−1. Both the width of the boom and the slackness of the boom were varied over reasonable ranges. Two six-component dynamometers were used to support the boom. Thus, the force components on each end of the boom were measured. Further, two video cameras were used to record the effectiveness of each boom configuration. In this paper, the full results of this test program are presented and the application of the test results to the full-scale situation are discussed. The tests show that, under certain conditions, the use of boom is feasible for ice management in oil-contaminated water.

Scalar reverse‐time depth migration of prestack elastic seismic data

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sun ◽  
George A. McMechan
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Wave Source ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Elastic Data

Reflected P‐to‐P and P‐to‐S converted seismic waves in a two‐component elastic common‐source gather generated with a P‐wave source in a two‐dimensional model can be imaged by two independent scalar reverse‐time depth migrations. The inputs to migration are pure P‐ and S‐waves that are extracted by divergence and curl calculations during (shallow) extrapolation of the elastic data recorded at the earth’s surface. For both P‐to‐P and P‐to‐S converted reflected waves, the imaging time at each point is the P‐wave traveltime from the source to that point. The extracted P‐wave is reverse‐time extrapolated and imaged with a P‐velocity model, using a finite difference solution of the scalar wave equation. The extracted S‐wave is reverse‐time extrapolated and imaged similarly, but with an S‐velocity model. Converted S‐wave data requires a polarity correction prior to migration to ensure constructive interference between data from adjacent sources. Synthetic examples show that the algorithm gives satisfactory results for laterally inhomogeneous models.

scholarly journals Separation of diffracted waves via SVD filter

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1259-1271
Author(s):  
Hong-Yan Shen ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Yue-Ying Yan ◽  
Xin-Xin Li ◽  
Jing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Wave Separation ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Diffracted Waves ◽  
Fast Processing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Value Decomposition

Abstract Diffracted seismic waves may be used to help identify and track geologically heterogeneous bodies or zones. However, the energy of diffracted waves is weaker than that of reflections. Therefore, the extraction of diffracted waves is the basis for the effective utilization of diffracted waves. Based on the difference in travel times between diffracted and reflected waves, we developed a method for separating the diffracted waves via singular value decomposition filters and presented an effective processing flowchart for diffracted wave separation and imaging. The research results show that the horizontally coherent difference between the reflected and diffracted waves can be further improved using normal move-out (NMO) correction. Then, a band-rank or high-rank approximation is used to suppress the reflected waves with better transverse coherence. Following, separation of reflected and diffracted waves is achieved after the filtered data are transformed into the original data domain by inverse NMO. Synthetic and field examples show that our proposed method has the advantages of fewer constraints, fast processing speed and complete extraction of diffracted waves. And the diffracted wave imaging results can effectively improve the identification accuracy of geological heterogeneous bodies or zones.

Simulation of seismic processes in geological exploration of Arctic shelf

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina V. Stognii ◽  
Dmitriy I. Petrov ◽  
Nikolai I. Khokhlov ◽  
Igor B. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Arctic Shelf ◽  
Seismic Exploration ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Characteristic Method ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Wave Processes

AbstractThe paper presents the results of application of a grid-characteristic method to simulation of wave processes in media with linearly-elastic and acoustic layers on the example of seismic exploration of the Arctic shelf. The grid-characteristic method correctly describes the contact and boundary conditions. The results of numerical simulation are presented, the method is shown to be applicable to solution of seismic exploration problem on the Arctic shelf.

scholarly journals Исследование взаимодействия ледовых полей с неподвижной преградой

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.K. Goncharov ◽  
V.A. Pyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
Technical Solutions

В статье изложены результаты исследования механизмов взаимодействия дрейфующих ледовых полей с неподвижной преградой, моделирующей опору или корпус (основание) стационарной ледостойкой платформы. Задача решалась в статической постановке, то есть рассматривалось воздействие на преграду неподвижного ледового поля, на которое, в свою очередь, воздействуют ветер и течения, свойственные шельфовым акваториям Арктических морей. Воздействие ветра и течений на ледовое поле параметризуется трением воздушного потока и водной массы о верхнюю и нижнюю поверхности ледового поля. Для оценки сил трения используются методы теории корабля, разработанные для расчета сопротивления воды движению судов. В работе построены аналитические зависимости для оценки давления ледовых полей на преграду и оценены условия разрушения льда при сжатии в зависимости от размеров ледового поля, скорости ветра, глубины акватории и высоты прилива. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при поиске технических решений для снижения объемов нагромождения льда у стационарных ледостойких платформ.Paper presents results of the drifting ice fields interaction with stationary barrier investigations that models a leg or hull of a stationary ice-resistant platform. Problem was solved in static setting that is consideration the unmovable ice field impact on the barrier under action the winds and currents that are typical for the Arctic shelf water areas. The impacts of wind and currents on the ice field were parameterized by the friction of the air flow and the water current on the upper or lower surface of the ice field accordingly. To evaluate the wind and current friction forces known methods of the naval architecture developed for the water resistance of ships hull computing were applied. The analytical dependencies for evaluation of the ice fields pressure on the fixed barrier were developed that were the basement to estimate the conditions for the ice field compression fracture in dependence on the ice field sizes, wind speed, depth of water area and tidal height. Obtained outcomes can be applied for development technical solutions to reduce the volume of ice pile-up at stationary ice-resistant platforms.

scholarly journals Selection of HR-Strategy in the Location of the Transport-Technological System of Oil Fields in the Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. CHIZHOVA ◽  
◽  
Marsel G. GUBAIDULLIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Technological System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shelf Zone ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Barents And Kara Seas ◽  
Hr Strategy

The development of Arctic hydrocarbon resources is in the sphere of interests of many large companies. At the same time, the vast northern territories and polar seas do not have a developed infrastructure that would allow implementing various transport and technological solutions for the development of oil fields. The opportunities for attracting the resources of the Russian Arctic into economic circulation are currently being used to a small extent, which is caused by various factors, both objective and subjective, that were formed at the previous stages of the country's development. This work is devoted to the problem of choosing an HR strategy when placing objects of the transport and technological system of oil fields in the Russian Arctic, taking into account the ecological, economic and socio-economic features of this macroregion. Using the example of oil and gas fields in the coastal-shelf zone of the south-eastern part of the Barents and Kara Seas, the authors consider multivariate forecasts for the formation of a rational scheme for the transportation of hydrocarbons as an integral part of the regional oil and gas complex. The authors assign a special role to the important economic and socio-psychological components associated with the processes of organizing the work of oil workers. At the same time, they come to the conclusion that the shift method of labor organization, adopted by many large mining companies, should not displace, but only complement the traditional methods of attracting personnel to the Arctic oil infrastructure facilities. The use of the combined method of labor organization in the Arctic is the most optimal, allowing to integrate the advantages and localize the disadvantages of other methods of labor organization.

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