scholarly journals Optimasi Formula MP-ASI Bubuk Instan Sumber Protein dengan Subtitusi Hidrolisat Protein Ikan (HPI) dan Tepung Kacang Hijau Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Yosi Irene Putri ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Diana Nur Afifah ◽  
Ekowati Chasanah ◽  
Yusro Nuri Fawzya ◽  
...  

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan formulasi bahan baku sumber protein pada Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) untuk mendapatkan kandungan protein tertinggi. Metode eksperimen yang menggunakan 3-faktor 1-respon dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Tepung susu skim, bubuk Hidrolisat Protein Ikan (HPI), dan tepung kacang hijau dengan berbagai konsentrasi digunakan sebagai sumber bahan baku dan kandungan protein digunakan sebagai respon. Hasil dari respon dianalisis dengan analisis varians (ANOVA) dan melihat nilai desirability (optimasi terbaik). Formula MP-ASI dari hasil optimasi protein terbaik kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis proksimat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis bahan baku memiliki pengaruh terhadap kandungan protein (p<0,05). Tiga formula MP-ASI bubuk terbaik dari hasil optimasi adalah memiliki nilai desirability sebesar 0,714–0,791, kadar protein sebesar 18,72–19,38 g, kadar air berkisar 7,14–7,34 g, kadar abu berkisar 2,95–3,10 g dan kadar lemak berkisar 5,44–5,82 g dalam 100 g bubuk MP-ASI. Kesimpulannya, formula MP-ASI dapat ditentukan berdasarkan kadar protein tertinggi dan rasio bahan baku mempengaruhi kandungan nutrisi pada produknya Optimization of Formula for High Protein–Complementary Food using Fish Protein Hydrolysate and Mung Bean Flour by Response Surface MethodologyAbstractThis research aims to optimize the formula of material for protein sources to get the optimum response (based on protein content). The method of 3-factor and 1-response was used using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to analyze the materials of skim milk flour (g, X1), Fish Protein Hydrolysate (FPH) flour (g, X2), and mung bean flour (g, X3) as independent variable/factor, whereas protein (g, Y) was used as dependent variable /response. The results were analyzed with variant analysis (ANOVA) and observed its desirability value to obtain best optimum value. The best of formula was examined its nutrition value using proximate analysis. This research showed that independent variables (X) had significant effect to the dependent variable (Y) (p<0.05). The best three formulas of high–protein complementary food had desirability value starting from 0.714 to 0.791. The proximate test resulted protein content of 18.72–19.38 g, moisture content of 7.14–7.34 g, ash content of 2.95–3.10 g, and fat content of 5.44–5.82 g. In conclusion, the best formula could be determined successfully using combinations of protein sources.

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haslina Haslina ◽  
Siti Fatimah Muis ◽  
Suyatno Suyatno

ABSTRACT Introduction: Patilo is one of traditional various snacks from Gunung Kidul that is made of fermented cassava waste and cassava starch. Fermentation is intended to reduce or eliminate the HCN content of cassava and to establish special flavour. The protein content of patilo is very low, therefore it can be enriched with animal protein from fresh water fish in form of fish flour or fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). Enrichment with fish protein hydrolysate has an advantage since it will be easier to digest by human because FPH better functional properties and higher solubility.Method: The study consisted of four activities that were 1) making/producing mujair FPH, 2) producing and enriched patilo with mujair FPH, 3) analyzed the nutritive values and protein digestibility of enriched and unenriched patilo and 4) analyzed the consumers acceptability of the products. The experiments were carried out in the 1) Food Engineering and Chemistry Laboratorium of Faculty of Agriculture Technology Semarang University, 2) Pilot Plan PAU and GMSK Laboratory of Bogor Institute of Agriculture, 3) Sidoardjo Village, Tepus Gunung Kidul. Variables being studied were nutritive value and protein digestibility of unenriched and enriched patilo with mujair FPH in several consumer acceptability in terms of flavour, taste, colour and texture. The study design was a complete random design of one factor in which the FPH was added in 5%, 10% and 15% concentration, each treatment repeated 3 times. Statistical analyses used for nutritive value and protein digestibility were Anova followed by Least Significant Difference test with 0,05 level of significancy Friedman and Wilcoxon Sign Rank test were used to test the organoleptic values both in the laboratory and in the field. Result:1) The nutritive value changes of raw enriched patilo were : a) significant decrease in water and carbohydrate content, b) significant increase in ash, fat and protein content compared to the unenriched patilo, 2) The nutritive value change of fried enriched patilo were : a) significant decrease in water and carbohydrate content, b) significant increase in fat, protein and energy content compared to the unenriched patilo, 3) The protein digestibility in raw and fried enriched patilo was significant higher than that without enrichement, 4) Patilo enriched with 10% mujair FPH was mostly liked by consumer either in the laboratory or in the field in term of taste, flavour and texture as for colour, all consumers prefered the unenriched patilo, 5) The changes of the nutritive values and protein digestibility were statistically significant in the enriched patilo, however from the nutrition point of view, only the increased of protein content (six folds increase) was meaningful. Conclusion: Patilo enriched with 10% mujair FPH is the most/well accepted by laboratory panelists and field consumers, and there was six folds increase in the protein content.   Key Word: Patilo, enrichment and fish protein hydrolysate.   ABSTRAK   Latar Belakang: Patilo adalah salah satu makanan jajanan tradisional Gunung Kidul yang diolah dari ampas singkong yang difermentasi dan dicampur dengan pati singkong. Kandungan protein dalam patilo sangat rendah, untuk itu perlu diperkaya antara lain dengan sumber protein hewani dari ikan air tawar baik dalam bentuk tepung ikan atau hidrolisat protein ikan (HPI). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1). menganalisis nilai gizi patilo 2). menganalisis daya cerna protein patilo 3). menganalisis daya terima patilo goreng tanpa dan dengan penambahan HPI mujair Metode: Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat kegiatan yaitu: 1). pembuatan HPI mujair, 2). pembuatan dan pengkayaan patilo dengan HPI mujair, 3). pengujian nilai gizi dan daya cerna protein patilo tanpa dan dengan penambahan HPI mujair dan 4). uji penerimaan patilo baik di laboratorium maupun di lapangan. Variabel yang diamati adalah kandungan gizi patilo dan daya cerna protein patilo. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 1 faktor yaitu HPI0=tanpa penambahan HPI, HPI1= penambahan HPI 5% dari berat ampas (b/b), HPI2=penambahan HPI 10 % dari berat ampas (b/b) dan HPI3=penambahan HPI 15% dari berat ampas (b/b), masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Analisis kandungan gizi dan daya cerna patilo dengan Anova, uji dilanjutkan dengan uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) pada taraf dan 5%. Untuk analisis uji organoleptik baik di laboratorium maupun di lapangan dengan uji Friedman. Perbedaan hasil akan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. Hasil: 1) Nilai gizi patilo mentah dengan penambahan HPI mujair dibandingkan tanpa penambahan HPI mujair adalah : a) terjadi penurunan kadar air dan kadar karbohidrat secara signifikan (ρ<0,05) dan b) terjadi peningkatan kadar abu, kadar lemak dan kadar protein secara signifikan (ρ<0,05), 2) Nilai gizi patilo goreng dengan penambahan HPI mujair dibandingkan tanpa penambahan HPI mujair adalah : a). terjadi penurunan kadar air dan kadar karbohidrat secara signifikan (ρ<0,05) dan b).terjadi peningkatan kadar lemak, kadar protein dan energi secara signifikan (ρ<0,05) 3). Daya cerna protein patilo mentah dan goreng dengan penambahan HPI mujair meningkat secara signifikan (ρ=0,000) dibandingkan tanpa penambahan HPI mujair pada semua konsentrasi, 4). Patilo dengan penambahan HPI mujair 10% paling disukai oleh panelis agak terlatih dan panelis konsumen anak sekolah berdasarkan skor rasa, bau dan tekstur. Untuk warna, panelis agak terlatih dan panelis konsumen anak sekolah memilih patilo tanpa penambahan HPI mujair dan 5). Secara statistik perubahan nilai gizi dan daya cerna protein bermakna kecuali untuk kadar abu patilo goreng, namun dari sudut gizi perubahan yang berarti hanya pada kadar protein yang mencapai 6 kali lipat. Simpulan: Patilo yang diperkaya dengan HPI mujair 10% paling disukai oleh panelis agak terlatih maupun panelis konsumen anak sekolah dan terjadi kenaikan secara signifikan pada kadar protein yang mencapai 6 kali lipat. Kata Kunci : Patilo, pengkayaan dan hidrolisat protein ikan    Permalink : http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/3243  


Author(s):  
Bagus Sediadi Bandol Utomo ◽  
Theresia Dwi Suryanigrum ◽  
Herbert R Harianto

An experiment to determine the optimum condition of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) processing has been conducted to produce FPH with high protein content. The raw material was catfish (Pangasius sp.) waste from catfish fillet production. Fat content, sensory (color, odor and flavor), total number of bacteria (TPC) and E. coli were analyzed as supporting parameters. The experiment was initiated with preliminary experiment to determine the optimum temperature (temp variation: 50oC, 55oC, 60oC, and 65oC) and concentration of commercial papain enzyme (conc variation: 4%, 6%, and 8%) in FPH hydrolysis, while the main experiment was to determine the optimum time of hydrolysis (time variation: 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours), and pH (pH variation: 5 and 7). Results showed that the optimum temperature in preliminary experiment was 60oC and optimum concentration of enzyme was 4%, whereas the main experiment resulted the optimum hydrolysis time of 48 hours and optimum pH of 5. This condition produced FPH with protein content of 1.21% wet weight basis (wb)  or 39.03% dry weight basis (db) and fat content of 0.16% wb (5.16% db). The sensory analysis of the end product revealed that from max score of 5, the scores of color, odor and flavor of the FPH were 3.50, 2.17 and 2.29, respectively. The product had TPC of 1.1x 107CFU/g with no E. coli infection.


2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
Yusro Nuri Fawzya ◽  
Safira M. Nursatya ◽  
Rini Susilowati ◽  
Ekowati Chasanah

Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) containing small protein or peptides and amino acids has a great attention related to the provision of high protein foods to overcome the problem of malnutrition. This research was purposed to prepare FPH from yellowstripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) by using a local microbial protease from Bacillus subtilis BII-1. Hydrolysis process was done in a laboratory scale (500 g minced fish) at 55oC for 6 h. The liquid hydrolysate was then spray dried using whey protein and maltodextrin at a concentration of 20 and 30% for each filler. The treatment of whey protein powder produced FPHs with higher protein content (31.71-33.97% db) and slightly yellowish in color compared to maltodextrin (11.88-16.66% db). Their foaming capacity and stability were 20-100% and 15% in 5-10 min, respectively. However, FPHs prepared with maltodextrin had no foaming capacity. The hydrolysates from both treatments had low water and oil absorption with the value less than 3 mL/g hydrolysate. A trial on scaling up production using 30 kg fish, showed that optimization or adjustment should be carried out due to the high amount and high protein content of the residual products.


1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891-2898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao FUJIMAKI ◽  
Soichi ARAI ◽  
Michiko YAMASHITA ◽  
Hiromichi KATO ◽  
Masatoshi NOGUCHI

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep A. Prihanto ◽  
Rahmi Nurdiani ◽  
Annas D. Bagus

Background Fish byproducts are commonly recognized as low-value resources. In order to increase the value, fish byproducts need to be converted into new products with high functionality such as fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). In this study, FPH manufactured from parrotfish (Chlorurus sordidus) heads using different pH, time and sample ratio was investigated. Methods Hydrolysis reactions were conducted under different pHs (5, 7, and 9) and over different durations (12 and 24 h). Control treatment (without pH adjustment (pH 6.4)) and 0 h hydrolsisis duration were applied. Hydrolysates were characterized with respect to proximate composition, amino acid profile, and molecular weight distribution. The antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate was also observed. Results The pH and duration of hydrolysis significantly affected (p < 0.05) the characteristics of FPH. The highest yield of hydrolysate (49.04 ± 0.90%), with a degree of hydrolysis of 30.65 ± 1.82%, was obtained at pH 9 after 24 h incubation. In addition, the FPH had high antioxidant activity (58.20 ± 0.55%), with a high level of essential amino acids. Results suggested that FPH produced using endogenous enzymes represents a promising additive for food and industrial applications.


2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abu Ali KHAN ◽  
Md. Anwar HOSSAIN ◽  
Kenji HARA ◽  
Kiyoshi OSATOMI ◽  
Tadashi ISHIHARA ◽  
...  

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