scholarly journals New Weldable Steel for Rebars

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Stanisław Klusek ◽  
Piotr Sędek ◽  
Kamil Kubik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Point ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Engineering Steel ◽  
Weldable Steel ◽  
Welding Properties ◽  
Processing Properties

A new steel grade, developed at the CELSA steelworks in Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski and used in the production of rebars, contributes greatly to the development of industrial and civil engineering. Steel B600B is characterised by yield point fyk = 600 MPa and immediate tensile strength ftk = 700 MPa. Tests revealed that the steel satisfies all requirements of related standards, both in terms of strength and processing properties. The mechanical properties of the new steel grade are higher by 20% than those of currently produced steels characterised by the highest mechanical properties (characteristic yield point Re= 500 MPa). As a result, the application of the new steel provides notable technical and economic advantages. The new steel grade meets requirements concerning technical class C in accordance with PN-EN 1992-1-1, which indicates that the steel has a significant yield point margin (being an important advantage in terms of limit state design). Plastic steels are easier to weld and less susceptible to welding crack formation. Technological (research-related) tests revealed the favourable welding properties of the new steel. Welding tests were performed using the manual metal arc welding method, i.e. the most common welding process used when making structural reinforcements. The welding tests involved the making of butt, overlap and cruciform joints. The strength and technological tests revealed that the steel satisfied the requirements specified in the PN-EN ISO 17660-1 standard.

Effect of TIG Welding and Manual Metal Arc Welding on Mechanical Properties of AISI 304 and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheets

2017 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Alaa Abu Harb ◽  
Ion Ciuca ◽  
Robert Ciocoiu ◽  
Mihai Vasile ◽  
Adrian Bibis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Central Hole ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Better Than

The welding technique used for ASIS 304 and 316L austenitic stainless steel sheets both with a thickness of 3mm is gas tungsten arc welding (TIG) and manual metal arc welding (MMAW). Mechanical properties that were verified include: hardness test and tensile test before welding and after it. The welding process was done on two types of specimens: with a central hole and without hole. We concluded that there was a decrease in the properties of tensile for both specimens with central hole, and 316L had tensile characteristics better than 304 when using the technique TIG. As for 304, it had tensile characteristics better than 316L when using the technique MMAW. We also concluded that the existence of central holes had an influence on the hardness characteristics on both types. The hardness increased in 304 but decreased in 316L. The welding process also showed that there was no influence of MMAW on hardness on both specimens. However it showed that there was no influence of TIG on the hardness for 304, but for 316L values increased.

scholarly journals Effect of the Addition of Nickel Powder and Post Weld Heat Treatment on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of the Welded UNS S32304 Duplex Stainless Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tahaei ◽  
Argelia Fabiola Miranda Perez ◽  
Mattia Merlin ◽  
Felipe Arturo Reyes Valdes ◽  
Gian Luca Garagnani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Nickel Powder ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Gtaw Process ◽  
Welding Properties ◽  
Weld Heat

Abstract In this research, the effect of the addition of nickel powder and the application of a post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the welding properties of the UNS S32304 lean duplex stainless steel were investigated in order to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties. Nickel powder was directly poured inside the joint gap and mixed with the filler metal during the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process; moreover, the solution heat treatment was performed at 1100 °C for 10 min. The joints were characterized by optical microscopy (OM) and the evolution of the phase percentages in the different zones was studied by means of the image analysis technique. Tensile and hardness tests were carried out on the joints in order to evaluate the improvement of the mechanical properties. The results showed that both the addition of nickel powder during the welding process and the post weld heat treatment made it possible to improve the mechanical properties of the weld joints. PWHT had the best effect in restoring the equal percentage of ferrite and austenite compared to the addition of nickel powder.

scholarly journals Influence of Alloying Element in Filler Metal on Mechanical Properties of A6061 Al Alloy Welded Joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
Filler Metals

The current work is intended to study the influence of using ER4043 and ER5356 filler metals on mechanical properties of A6061 Al alloy welded joint made by gas metal arc welding process (GMAW). For this study, 12mm plates of these materials were joint using a type single V groove butt joints with four layers and five passes configurationof welded joints. The soundness of the quality of the weld joint was investigated by X-ray Ct-Scan technique. The joint made with the ER4043 presented an enhancement of mechanical properties. In comparisonwith the joint made with ER5356, Al A6061 with ER4043 welded joint shows to have an advantage due to the formation of very fine grain and have uniformly distributed porosity in the weld region area.

Study on the Effect of Homemade Welding Wire Contaning Ni, Cr Elements on the Weldability of Industrial Pure Aluminum

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 839-842
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Zhao ◽  
Liang Jun Gao ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
Wen Dong Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Welding Wire ◽  
Welding Joint ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welding Properties

Industrial pure aluminum has been widely used in industry. However, it caused great difficulties in welding process due to its characteristics such as easy oxidation, high thermal conductivity and specific volume, low melting point. In order to overcome this problem, improving the welding quality of industrial pure and reducing the welding defects is of great significance. In this paper, the weldability of 1050A industrial pure aluminum plate (5 mm thick) with HS331, SAl-2, 1050A leftover materials and homemade welding wire with Ni-Cr alloy as four different filler materials was studied by using manual TIG welding. Metallographic test and mechanical performance test were used to assess microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting welding joint. The results show that the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting welding joint with homemade welding wire with Ni-Cr alloy is relatively better than the others, which offers important implication for the improvement of the welding properties of industrial pure aluminum.

scholarly journals VARIASI ARUS DAN SUDUT PENGELASAN PADA MATERIAL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 304 TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN STRUKTURMAKRO

Jurnal IPTEK ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Vuri Ayu Setyowati ◽  
Suheni Suheni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weld Pool ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel 304

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>            <em>Welding is the common method for joining material used in construction and industrial applications. Variable of welding process is the most important factor affected into the mechanical properties of welded materials.  This study used Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) as welding method. SMAW method use flux to protect the metals. Sample preparations were done to make the V groove using 45ᵒ and 60ᵒ as angle of welding. Variations of heat input also were used as 75A, 85A, and 95A. Characterization of mechanical properties was analyzed by tensile test and macroscopic analysis showed the different area after welding. Based on the following experimental result, the highest ultimate tensile strength was obtained by sample  prepared 45ᵒ of V groove angle and 85A of current which is 518 N/mm² and got 449 N/mm² of  yield strength. Increasing current caused the wider weld pool in the sample surface and showed clear grove shape of welded sample.</em> </p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Pengelasan merupakan metode penyambungan material yang secara umum digunakan dalam  bidang konstruksi maupun aplikasi di industri. Parameter pengelasan perlu diketahui karena berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan material setelah proses penyambungan Pada penelitian ini, proses pengelasan yang digunakan adalah <em>Shielded Metal Arc Welding</em> (SMAW). Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan fluks sebagai pelindung logam. Preparasi sampel dilakukan dengan pembuatan sudut pengelasan/sudut kampuh 45ᵒ dan 60ᵒ.  Arus pengelasan bervariasi sebesar 75A, 85A, dan 95A. Karakterisasi sifat mekanik diperoleh dari pengujian tarik dan pengamatan makro untuk mengetahui perubahan daerah yang berbeda setelah dilakukan pengelasan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, spesimen benda uji dengan sudut pengelasan 45ᵒ besar beban maksimal (σu) terjadi pada arus 85 A yaitu sebesar 518 N/mm² dan memiliki tegangan luluh paling tinggi yaitu  449 N/mm². Kenaikan arus pengelasan menyebabkan weld pool yang lebih besar dan permukaan penampang samping terlihat jelas bentuk kampuh sampel pengelasan.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation on the effect of mechanical vibration in mild steel weld pool

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

This study presents a new concept of a vibratory welding setup which can transfer the mechanical vibrations in the weld zone during Shielded Metal Arc welding (SMAW) process and can also produce the resonance frequency of 300 Hz. In the present investigation mild steel plates of 6 mm thickness has been butt welded using both conventional and vibratory welding conditions. Microstructure and the mechanical properties of the butt welded joints were evaluated, and the results were compared. Further, in order to optimize the process parameters of vibratory welding technique Taguchi and analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique have been adopted. The responses considered for analysis are hardness, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and impact strength. The result of the study indicates that by applying the vibratory treatment during welding process the mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength and impact strength have been enhanced. Lastly, the obtained results are correlated from the results in the past researches.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Narrow-Gap Weld Zone in Reactor Coolant Loop

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 2853-2858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Do Kwon ◽  
Seung Wan Woo ◽  
Choon Yeol Lee ◽  
Suk Chull Kang ◽  
Ho Sang Shin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Narrow Gap ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Processes

Conventionally, shield metal arc welding (SMAW) process was applied to join pipes of RCL, which caused lot of loss in time and cost due to excessive heat input and defects in joining section. Recently, narrow-gap welding (NGW) process was introduced to overcome the disadvantages of SMAW. However, the application of NGW to nuclear power plant is not yet common because safety of NGW process is not proven. In present paper, the welded coupons are manufactured under different welding processes in carbon steel. Then, microstructure observations and various mechanical tests are performed. It is verified that the mechanical properties of carbon steel are greatly changed after repair welding process due to applied heat flux, and that the effect of post-welding heat treatment is beneficial.

Optimization of GMAW Welding Parameters in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds Mechanical Properties

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Payares-Asprino ◽  
John P. H. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
Steel Welds

The objective of the current work is to provide sufficient knowledge of the welding industry to allow the optimization of the process so as to achieve best final properties. The welding process is complex with many interacting variables controlling the procedure. In addition, not all of the physics of the process, particularly with regard to the factors which control mechanical properties, are well understood. It is unlikely that a full analytical model can be prepared and physically based numerical techniques will also suffer from a lack of basic understanding. A model for use as an optimization tool will thus have to proceed along different lines. Fortunately, this work has produced a wealth of experimental observations, which can be used for optimization. In this research, several welds were fabricated using Gas Metal Arc Welding process at different welding conditions. The technique of Response Surface Methodology was applied to develop a mathematical model to analyze various effects of GMAW parameters on the and mechanical properties such as yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of Duplex Stainless Steel weldments.

Effects of bottom plate in friction stir welding of AA6061-T6

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
M.A. Vinayagamoorthi ◽  
M. Prince ◽  
S. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Bottom Plate ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Fine Grain

The effects of 40 mm width bottom plates on the microstructural modifications and the mechanical properties of a 6 mm thick FSW AA6061-T6 joint have been investigated. The bottom plates are placed partially at the weld zone to absorb and dissipate heat during the welding process. An axial load of 5 to 7 kN, a rotational speed of 500 rpm, and a welding speed of 50 mm/min are employed as welding parameters. The size of the nugget zone (NZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the weld joints obtained from AISI 1040 steel bottom plate is more significant than that of weld joints obtained using copper bottom plate due to lower thermal conductivity of steel. Also, the weld joints obtained using copper bottom plate have fine grain microstructure due to the dynamic recrystallization. The friction stir welded joints obtained with copper bottom plate have exhibited higher ductility of 8.9% and higher tensile strength of 172 MPa as compared to the joints obtained using a steel bottom plate.

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