scholarly journals Emotion Regulation in Persons with an Increased Risk of Mental Trauma (on the example of the Internal Affairs officers)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
M.A. Padun ◽  
E.A. Sorokko
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Mental Trauma ◽  
Police System

The article is devoted to the study of emotion regulation strategies in officers of Department of internal affairs (DIA) in comparison with persons whose activities are not associated with the risk of mental trauma. The hypothesis is that employment in activities related to the risk of psychological trauma is associated with specific patterns of emotion regulation, which are suppression of emotional expression and misrepresentation in their own emotional state. Along with questionnaire methods, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test - IPANAT was used. It is shown that police officers are more likely to deform answers in self-reporting methods than people not related to work in the police system. Police officers are likely to suppress emotions and less likely to resort to emotion regulation than persons whose profession is not associated with the risk of mental trauma. There is a significant subgroup of individuals among the police officers who are characterized by a mismatch of explicit and implicit assessments of emotional states. This group is characterized by dysfunctional strategies for emotion regulation associated with rumination and catastrophic significance of emotional situations.

scholarly journals Deficits in explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Kurtz ◽  
Pia Mohring ◽  
Katharina Förster ◽  
Michael Bauer ◽  
Philipp Kanske
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Abstract Background This study aimed to compile and synthesize studies investigating explicit emotion regulation in patients with bipolar disorder and individuals at risk of developing bipolar disorder. The importance of explicit emotion regulation arises from its potential role as a marker for bipolar disorders in individuals at risk and its potent role in therapy for bipolar disorder patients. Methods To obtain an exhaustive compilation of studies dealing specifically with explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder, we conducted a systematic literature search in four databases. In the 15 studies we included in our review, the emotion-regulation strategies maintenance, distraction, and reappraisal (self-focused and situation-focused) were investigated partly on a purely behavioral level and partly in conjunction with neural measures. The samples used in the identified studies included individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder, patients with current affective episodes, and patients with euthymic mood state. Results In summary, the reviewed studies' results indicate impairments in explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorder, patients with manic and depressive episodes, and euthymic patients. These deficits manifest in subjective behavioral measures as well as in neural aberrations. Further, our review reveals a discrepancy between behavioral and neural findings regarding explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorders and euthymic patients. While these groups often do not differ significantly in behavioral measures from healthy and low-risk individuals, neural differences are mainly found in frontostriatal networks. Conclusion We conclude that these neural aberrations are a potentially sensitive measure of the probability of occurrence and recurrence of symptoms of bipolar disorders and that strengthening this frontostriatal route is a potentially protective measure for individuals at risk and patients who have bipolar disorders.

Dysregulation of emotions among pathological gamblers: The role of savoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S394-S394
Author(s):  
G. Rogier ◽  
P. Velotti
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies

IntroductionTheories have conceptualized pathological gambling as an attempt to cope with emotional states. However, there is a lack of research about emotion dysregulation in this population. In a similar way, few is known about the nature of emotion regulation strategies used by pathological gamblers. Furthermore, it is not clear if pathological gamblers have difficulties to regulate negative emotions (as sadness) or positive ones (as excitement).ObjectivesWe sought to explore the associations among pathological gambling, emotion dysregulation and different types of emotion regulation strategies, comparing a clinical sample with community participants.AimsTo highlight similarities and differences in emotion dysregulation between pathological gamblers and healthy participants.MethodsA sample of pathological gamblers and a sample of healthy men, were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Difficulties in Emotion regulation Scale-Positive (DERS-P), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC).ResultsAs expected, both levels of emotion dysregulation and suppression were significantly higher in the clinical sample while levels of savoring and reappraisal were significantly higher in the community sample.ConclusionsSuch results confirm the theorization of pathological gambling as a dysfunctional response to emotional states and underline the role of positive emotions. Specifically, pathological gamblers may be prone to suppress negative emotions instead to engage in functional strategies as reappraisal. Gamblers also fail to regulate positive emotions showing a poor capacity of savoring positive moments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Effects of Differential Strategies of Emotion Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Boehme ◽  
Stefanie C. Biehl ◽  
Andreas Mühlberger
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
And Training

Patients suffering from mental disorders, especially anxiety disorders, are often impaired by inadequate emotional reactions. Specific aspects are the insufficient perception of their own emotional states and the use of dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies. Both aspects are interdependent. Thus, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) comprises the development and training of adequate emotion regulation strategies. Traditionally, reappraisal is the most common strategy, but strategies of acceptance are becoming more important in the course of advancing CBT. Indeed, there is evidence that emotion regulation strategies differ in self-reported effectiveness, psychophysiological reactions, and underlying neural correlates. However, comprehensive comparisons of different emotion regulation strategies are sparse. The present study, therefore, compared the effect of three common emotion regulation strategies (reappraisal, acceptance, and suppression) on self-reported effectiveness, recollection, and psychophysiological as well as electroencephalographic dimensions. Twenty-nine healthy participants were instructed to either reappraise, accept, suppress, or passively observe their upcoming emotional reactions while anxiety- and sadness-inducing pictures were presented. Results showed a compelling effect of reappraisal on emotional experience, skin conductance response, and P300 amplitude. Acceptance was almost as effective as reappraisal, but led to increased emotional experience. Combining all results, suppression was shown to be the least effective but significantly decreased emotional experience when thoughts and feelings had to be suppressed. Moreover, results show that greater propensity for rumination differentially impairs strategies of emotion regulation.

scholarly journals Creating an Internal Environment of Cognitive and Psycho-Emotional Well-Being through an External Movement-Based Environment: An Overview of Quadrato Motor Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio De Fano ◽  
Rotem Leshem ◽  
Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Sensorimotor Training ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Movement Training ◽  
Mental Well Being

In this overview, we discuss the internal and external environmental factors associated with cognitive and psycho-emotional well-being in the context of physical activity and Mindful Movement. Our key argument is that improved cognitive and emotional functions associated with mental well-being can be achieved by an external, Mindful Movement-based environment training called Quadrato Motor Training (QMT). QMT is a structured sensorimotor training program aimed at improving coordination, attention, and emotional well-being through behavioral, electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, and molecular changes. In accordance with this argument, we first describe the general neurobiological mechanisms underpinning emotional states and emotion regulation. Next, we review the relationships between QMT, positive emotional state, and increased emotion regulation, and discuss the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these relationships. We consider the relationships between motion, emotion, and cognition, and highlight the need for integrated training paradigms involving these three trajectories. Such training paradigms provide cognitively engaging exercises to improve emotion regulation, which in turn affects adaptive behaviors. Finally, we address the broader implications of improving cognitive and emotional functioning through Mindful Movement training for environmental research and public health.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the psycho-emotional state of future police officers during sambo wrestling classes

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Sergii Rusanivskii ◽  
Oleksii Fedchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Kruk ◽  
Sergii Oleksiichuk ◽  
Ruslan Lysyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Attention Focus ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Current Program ◽  
Long Time

The specifics of police activities have a number of features that lead to negative emotional states, disorders of mental processes and necessitates the development of future police cadets professionally important psychological qualities. The article is devoted to the study of indicators of psychological qualities and emotional state of cadets of higher education institutions with specific training conditions – future police officers who were engaged in sambo wrestling during studying. The study was conducted at the National Academy of Internal Affairs in 2017-2020. The study involved cadets (male) of the 1st-4th years of study (18-22 years old, n=152). Two groups were formed: experimental group (EG) – cadets who during studying were engaged in the sambo wrestling section of the academy (n=32); control group (CG) – cadets who studied according to the current program of the physical training and did not attend additionally the sports sections of the academy (n=120). The professionally important psychological qualities of cadets-future police officers include: the ability to simultaneously perceive several objects (volume of attention), perform several actions (distribution of attention), focus on one object (concentration of attention), the ability to maintain the required intensity of attention for a long time (stability of attention). Research methods: analysis and generalization of literature sources, pedagogical testing, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The positive influence of sambo wrestling classes on the level of psychological qualities and emotional state of cadets was revealed. Indicators of situational anxiety and emotional states of EG cadets in the 4th year of study were significantly better than those of CG cadets, which will provide cadets with high performance, and in the future – the effective implementation of professional tasks.

Trait Emotion Regulation Predicts Individual Differences in Momentary Emotion and Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-377
Author(s):  
Reed Maxwell ◽  
Steven Jay Lynn ◽  
Gregory P. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Open Question

A sizable literature has yet to establish a reliable empirical connection between the trait conceptualization of emotion regulation as habitual, cross-situation emotion regulation tendencies and its state conceptualization as real-time, fluid, momentary emotion–situation interactivity and dependency. Thus, an open question remains: Do self-reported differences in tendencies to use one or another emotion regulation strategy predict self-reported, momentary emotional states and experiences, and are differences in these emotional states consistent with differences in emotional reactivity observed in previous studies among individuals in experimental paradigms asked to make real-time use of the emotion regulation strategies represented by these trait measures? If trait measures of emotion regulation validly reflect actual uses of particular strategies (e.g., expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal), then these measures should predict individual differences in momentary emotions and experiences associated with habitual use of these strategies. Examining a sample of 177 participants, we found that differential endorsements of habitual strategy use on these measures were associated with individual differences in self-reported momentary emotion and experience that correspond to well-documented differences in reactivity reported among individuals instructed to apply these strategies in experimental settings. Limitations of these findings and suggestions for future directions are discussed.

POLICE HEADQUARTERS INTERNAL AFFAIRS BUREAU – ORGANIZA-TION, TASKS, EFFECTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Grzegorz TOKARZ
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Police System

The main purpose of this article is to explain the changes that took place in the Polish Police Internal Affairs Bureau, between 1989 and 2010. The author claims that 1989 brought about substantial changes to the police system of fighting crimes committed by police officers. A growing number of crimes is a challenge for the increasing number of employees of the Bureau.

scholarly journals Influence of personal and social characteristics on the formation of mental trauma in police officers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
S. V. Zhernov ◽  
E. G. Ichitovkina ◽  
A. G. Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Constant State ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Mental Trauma

Relevance. Due to the peculiarities of professional activity, the COVID-19 pandemic for police officers was associated not only with a high risk of infection, but also pronounced mental stress and emotional destabilization, with higher risk of developing severe psychological consequences. In police officers, incidence of a new coronavirus infection, according to departmental statistics, was 6.6 times higher than in general population and close to that of healthcare workers of the Ministry of Health of Russia. High risk of COVID-19 infection in police officers during performance of their duties contributes to the symptoms of psychoemotional maladjustment and a constant state of chronic tension and emotional stress. Identification of the causes of professional maladjustment is important for justification of preventive measures and search for markers of professional success in employees of internal affairs bodies.Intention. To identify the influence of personal and social characteristics on the formation of mental trauma in police officers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methodology. A complete empirical study of 371 male employees of the divisions of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Moscow was conducted. Three groups were identified: 1st – 127 police officers with positive test results and clinical manifestations of COVID-19; 2nd – 118 persons released from duty and quarantined due to their contacts with COVID-19 patients; 3rd – 126 police officers who were on duty to protect public order in crowded places during the COVID-19 pandemic. An experimental psychological survey of the police officers was conducted using electronic digital resources to comply with anti-epidemic measures.Results and Discussion. Symptoms of emotional burnout against the background of stressful service were shown to contribute to the formation of mental trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic in all surveyed police officers. Specifically, Group 1 typically demonstrates anxiety-phobic reactions; Group 2 – dysthymic-pessimistic outlook; and Group 3 – decreased neuropsychiatric stability, pronounced exhaustion and fatigue associated with official duties.Conclusion. The obtained data should be taken into account when conducting psychocorrection and medical and psychological rehabilitation of police officers in emergency situations associated with the long-term psychosocial and occupational stress.

scholarly journals Exploring “Sledging” and Interpersonal Emotion-Regulation Strategies in Professional Cricket

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Davis ◽  
Louise Davis ◽  
Samuel Wills ◽  
Ralph Appleby ◽  
Arne Nieuwenhuys
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Verbal Interactions ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
The Impact

The present study examines cricketers’ perceptions of emotional interactions between competitors. Semistructured interviews with 12 male professional cricketers explored experiences (i.e., emotions, cognitions, behaviors) relating to incidents during competition where they or an opponent attempted to evoke an emotional reaction (e.g., sledging). Cricketers described their use of sledging as aggressive actions and verbal interactions with the aim of disrupting concentration and altering the emotional states of opponents. They described experiencing a variety of emotions (e.g., anxiety, anger) in response to opponents’ attempts at interpersonal emotion regulation; linguistic analyses indicated that both positive than negative emotions were experienced. A range of strategies in response to competitors’ deliberate attempts at interpersonal emotion regulation were outlined. The present study extends previous research investigating interpersonal emotion regulation within teams by indicating that professional cricketers are aware of the impact of cognitions and emotions on performance and attempt to negatively influence these factors in competitors.

Why Do People Hurt Themselves?

2019 ◽  
pp. 452-464
Author(s):  
Peter J. Franz ◽  
Evan M. Kleiman ◽  
Matthew K. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Regulation Function

The past two decades have seen a tremendous increase in research on nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the act of intentionally damaging one’s own tissue without intent to die. This body of research indicated that NSSI may serve an emotion regulation function for those who engage in it, both in terms of reducing negative emotions, and as a means to achieve positive emotional states, such as “fun” or “excitement.” Succeeding in altering one’s emotional state by engaging in NSSI might therefore reinforce this self-injurious behavior. This chapter reviews theoretical and empirical work on the motivational forces shown to promote NSSI in order evaluate whether this research supports the notion of reinforcement-based motivation for NSSI. Particular attention in the chapter is given to how developmentally relevant correlates of reward and motivation (e.g., sensation seeking) might increase NSSI risk among adolescents. The chapter concludes by offering insights and recommendations for future research.

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