scholarly journals Social Cognition in the Mirrors of «Cognitive Revolutions»

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Khoroshilov
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Art Research ◽  
The Aesthetic

The article discusses the problem of the social determination of cognition from the point of view of «cognitive revolutions» (R. Harré) in dialogue between psychology, social theory and history, neurobiology and aesthetics. The research inquiry is the cultural-historical analysis of the social representations of the everyday life. The «aesthetic paradigm» (T.D. Martsinkovskaya) uses the art-based methods to study the cultural forms of social cognition. Theoretical discussions are illustrated by the social psychological, clinical and contemporary art research of the mass consciousness of the Russian society at the beginning of the 21st century. The article presents the experience of the genre analysis of the tragedy of culture (G. Simmel), personal drama (L.S. Vygotsky) and comedy of social life (A.P. Chekhov). The final result is a new aesthetic concept of social cognition.

scholarly journals Living in a Digital Society: from the Point of View of One Social Psychological Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
I.B. Bovina ◽  
N.V. Dvoryanchikov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Modern Era

Technology has become ubiquitous, and without it it is hardly possible to imagine everyday human life. As a result of their active use, the individual feels as if he is an important participant in various processes taking place in a globalized world. The purpose of this theoretical and analytical study is to analyze the potential of the social representations theory to study the transformations that occur to a person in a digital society. Theory makes it possible to answer the question of how a person builds an explanation for a new phenomenon and builds his behavior in accordance with it. The modern era is an era of visual culture, where the power of texts (which corresponded to the generation of parents) was replaced by the power of pictures (at the level of the adolescents and young people). This feature can be viewed through the prism of the ideas of this theory, speaking of figurative and linguistic rhetorics. Finally, the theory of social representations allows us to articulate the processes of communication, social representations, and explain how the latter regulate social behavior and social relations in the digital society.

Book Review: Toshchenko Zh.T. Trauma Society: Between Evolution and Revolution (The Experience of Theoretical and Empirical Analysis). Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Krivosheev
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Trauma Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
Further Development

The review reveals the basic conceptions elaborated by one of the major Russian modern sociologists Zh.T. Toshchenko in his new research. The reviewer argues that the book’s author thoroughly examines the various methodological grounds for identifying the essential characteristics of social dynamics. At the same time, the reviewer focuses on the further development of the theory of modern society, proposed by the book’s author. Thus, Zh.T. Toshchenko, who spent many years researching social deformations, formulates an important concept – the concept of a society of trauma as the third modality of social development along with evolution and revolution. The book offers a fundamentally new view of social life, there is a holistic, systematic approach to all its processes and phenomena. The reviewer concludes that the new book of the social theorist Zh.T. Toshchenko is a significant contribution to sociological theory, since it develops ideas about the state and prospects of Russian society, gives accurate assessments of all social processes.

“It's Not Just a Bunch of Buildings”: Social Psychological Investment, Sense of Community, and Collective Efficacy in a Multiethnic Low–Income Neighborhood

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Walton
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Social

This analysis of social life in a poor, multiethnic public housing neighborhood presents an opportunity for refinement of social disorganization theory. Drawing on data from interviews, focus groups, and participant observations among residents, I find that this neighborhood exhibits substantial collective efficacy, despite social disorganization theory's predictions that the structural conditions of high poverty and racial and ethnic diversity result in low collective efficacy. I explicate two social psychological investment strategies—sense of ownership and symbolic representation—that appear to facilitate a sense of community and ultimately collective efficacy, helping to explain this apparent anomaly. I argue that even in the presence of structural disadvantage, having a strong sense of community provides a basis for beneficial action on behalf of the collective because it constitutes a source of shared expectations about values and norms in the neighborhood. These findings suggest refinements to the social disorganization framework, but also provide foundational ideas for policy interventions that may improve the social lives of residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

scholarly journals Social representations and ideology: Theories of common sense about COVID-19 among middle-class Brazilians and their ideological implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Luiz Gustavo Silva Souza ◽  
Emma O’Dwyer ◽  
Sabrine Mantuan dos Santos Coutinho ◽  
Sharmistha Chaudhuri ◽  
Laila Lilargem Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Social

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of billions of people worldwide. Individuals and groups were compelled to construct theories of common sense about the disease to communicate and guide practices. The theory of social representations provides powerful concepts to analyse the psychosocial construction of COVID-19. This study aimed to understand the social representations of COVID-19 constructed by middle-class Brazilian adults and their ideological implications, providing a social-psychological analysis of these phenomena while the pandemic is still ongoing. We adopted a qualitative approach based on semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted online in April-May 2020. Participants were 13 middle-class Brazilians living in urban areas. We analysed the interviews with thematic analysis and a phenomenological approach. The social representations were organised around three themes: 1) a virus originated in human actions and with anthropocentric meanings (e.g., a punishment for the human-led destruction of the environment); 2) a dramatic disease that attacks the lungs and kills people perceived to have “low immunity”; and 3) a disturbing pandemic that was also conceived as a correction event with positive consequences. The social representations included beliefs about the individualistic determination of immunity, the attribution of divine causes to the pandemic, and the need for the moral reformation of humankind. The discussion highlights the ideological implications of these theories of common sense. Socially underprivileged groups are at greater COVID-19-related risk, which the investigated social representations may contribute to conceal and naturalise.

scholarly journals Factors of Influence on the State of Happiness in the Contemporary Russian Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail F. Chernysh
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Factors Of Influence

The article analyzes the level of happiness on the basis of the data provided by the RLMS study. Happiness is viewed as a subjective state of mind influenced by the social situation in which an individual finds him or herself. The level of happiness turns out to be dependent on sex and age. The latter is especially salient: young people feel happy more often than respondents in more advanced age groups. Standards of living and employment are also marked as variable that have considerable impact on the level of happiness. It appears that income influences happiness indirectly through the parameters of social environment and norms that characterize it. A respondent feels somewhat happier if his or her level of material well-bing is higher than the average. The level of respect shown by other people towards the respondent is another factor that can impact the level of happiness. The feeling of loneliness is a variable with considerable influence on other parameters of social life: the lonelier is the person, the more likely he or she would feel unhappy. The study demonstrated that the level of happiness, against expectations, depends primarily on the quality of social milieu.

scholarly journals Social representations and information security of children and adolescents: the point of view of teachers (Part 3)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
I.B. Bovina ◽  
N.V. Dvoryanchikov ◽  
S.Yu. Gayamova ◽  
A.V. Milekhin ◽  
S.V. Budykin
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Representations Theory

The presented text is the last part of the article that reported the results of the study about the information security of children and adolescents in groups of teachers. The study was based on the ideas of the social representations theory, in particular, it concerned with the relations in between social practices and social representations. The object of the study was teachers of secondary schools, the sample included 102 people aged from 22 to 65 years, (M = 39.36 years, SD = 11.12 years, 91 women and 11 men). As a matter of the experience with schoolchildren the sample was divided into three groups: teachers of children, teachers of adolescents, and teachers of children and adolescents. To test the assumption concerning the specificity of the social representations as a matter of practice, a questionnaire was developed, it consisted of 6 parts: In the first part, respondents were asked to evaluate information, in terms of the threat it poses to the safety of children and adolescents. In the next four parts of the questionnaire, respondents were asked to answer questions concerning the hypothetical situations, in each case it was necessary to propose a plan of action in the situation. The last part contained socio-demographic issues. The results about last two situations out of four were discussed.

Jaziret Fadel

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-126
Author(s):  
Amal Adel Abdrabo
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mutual Interaction ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
The Village ◽  
Key Questions

The plight of refugees fleeing from Palestine in 1948 raises several key questions regarding their historical fragmentation as a nation and their future. From a social anthropological point of view, the existing literature seems to tackle the Palestinian case from different perspectives influenced by the mass exodus of Palestinians from their homeland. Such perceptions took for granted the recognition of the state of “refugeeness” of the exiled Palestinians around the globe, while, in reality, it is a mutual interaction between people, place, and time. In the aftermath of the Arab-Israeli War at the beginning of the year 1948, more than 700,000 Palestinians fled their homes in Palestine to the nearby Arab countries, among them was Egypt. Some thousands settled in different areas all over Egypt. Based on a preliminary research on the literature, the author can argue that this is the first ethnographic study of the social life of the village of Jaziret Fadel and its Palestinian inhabitants in Egypt. The chapter is about tackling the historical trajectories, genealogies, memories, and present of the inhabitants of this village who seemed to be torn between two nostalgic pasts. The author's emphasis within this chapter is about how the narratives of the past memories could reveal a lot about the present time of the human societies and their future.

Assessing Whether Black Uniforms Affect the Decisions of Turkish Soccer Referees: Is Finding of Frank and Gilovich's Study Valid for Turkish Culture?

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Şefik Tiryaki
Keyword(s):  
National Football League ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Turkish Culture ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The U.S

Frank and Gilovich (1988) found that teams with black uniforms were penalized by referees more than other teams that did not wear black uniforms in the U.S. National Football League (NFL), and the U.S. National Hockey League (NHL). This finding was examined for the referees in the Turkish Premier Soccer League (TPSL) for the soccer teams wearing or not wearing black uniforms during actual games. 30 male referees' (ages 22–45 years, M = 34.8) decisions were analyzed in a total of 2,142 Turkish premier soccer league games played in 7 seasons. Using the number of red and yellow cards and penalty kicks teams drew as a penalty decision criteria, no significant differences were found between Turkish soccer teams wearing black uniforms or those not and the number of penalty kicks. This result, which was different from that of Frank and Gilovich's work, was discussed in relation to the social psychological point of view of different cultures and societies.

La santa prole. Il frutto del matrimonio cristiano nella teologia di Clemente di Alessandria

Augustinianum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65
Author(s):  
Miklós Gyurkovics ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Second Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Insight Into

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the teaching of Clement of Alexandria on marriage is closely related to the author’s soteriology and cosmology. The study focuses on the Third Book of Stromateis, which provides insight into the different Christian views on marriage at the end of the second century. Study of the Third Book of Stromateis also reveals Clement’s unique method of argument, by means of which he corrects the theological positions of his opponents. Last but not least, Clement’s discussions of family life provide a window onto the social life of the Late Empire from the point of view of a second-century Christian philosopher.

TAVERNS IN INDRA IN THE 1930s FROM A HISTORICAL POINT OF VIEW

Via Latgalica ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Olga Krēgere
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Popular Entertainment ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Brass Band ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Live Stock

Based on the sources and literature available to the author, as well as on data obtained during field study, the paper describes the origins and functions of a tavern in Daugavpils region (now Kraslava region) in the rural Indra municipality in the 1930s. The chronology of the paper is determined by the founding of the establishment in 1929 and its operation until 1940 when Latvia was occupied by the USSR army. The paper is organized into three topical parts: first, the origins of the tavern are described, then the environment and its development over time, and finally the fulfillment of the tavern’s objectives in the economic and cultural life. The paper is based on the following: 1) documents of the Latvian State Historical Archives (hereinafter LSHA): The 1935 census materials of the State Statistics committee; Orders to the authorities issued by the head of the administration of Daugavpils County; Notices of the Indra rural municipality (until 1937 Piedruja rural municipality) to the head of the administration of Daugavpils Region; Lists of taxpayers (1929–1940); Population statistics (1941– 1943), 2) Audiotape-recorded narrations of the tavern building heir Anna Šiško obtained during Rezekne University College’s (2007), as well as factual material obtained during the interview (2008). Judging by Jānis Šiško’s family’s purposeful construction of the tavern and its role in Indra’s economic and social culture in the 30’s of the 20th century, it can be considered that its main function was customer service. The operation and the use of the tavern was adjusted to the particular needs of the social life according to the conditions during that period. The location of the tavern within reach of the railway station and the market square provided advantageous lodging and recreation facilities. These were used by the buyers of agricultural goods and corners, called „uzkupči”, arriving on a regular weekly basis from far away, mainly from Riga, by the producers of these goods from the wide neighbourhood, as well as by local farmers in the periods of supply and sale of sugar-beet, flax, and live stock. Therefore, the operation of the tavern contributed greatly to the economic activity of the municipality. Organized recreation – dances and open-air parties in the tavern yard on the playground and in the specially arranged spacious premises of a shed with the border guards brass band, and regular theatre performances and celebrations at the occasion of public holidays – introduced the tavern to the social life of Indra and made it a popular entertainment place in the finest sense of the word and thereby contributed to the enrichment of the county’s cultural life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document