Drinking Desalinated Water that Lack Calcium and Magnesium Has No Effect on Mineral Content of Enamel and Dentin in Primary Teeth

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Avia Fux Noy ◽  
Uri Zilberman ◽  
Noa Regev ◽  
Moti Moskovitz
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective: The present study compared the mineral contents of enamel and dentin of primary teeth from children exposed to desalinated water with those from children drinking ground water. Study design: The study comprised of two groups of teeth, seven primary teeth from children living in areas supplied exclusively with desalinated water and seven primary teeth from children that have been exposed solely to ground water from in-utero until the teeth were either extracted or naturally shed. Mineral content of three tooth regions was determined by scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The main ion content of each region was calculated. Results: Children exposed to ground water presented higher levels of magnesium in pre- and post- natal enamel than children living in areas supplied exclusively with desalinated water but without significant differences. The same was found for calcium levels. Excluding post-natal enamel calcium level (of borderline statistical significance), no significant differences were found in magnesium and calcium levels of primary teeth enamel and dentin of children exposed to desalinated water in comparison to children exposed to ground water. Conclusion: Mineral content of enamel and dentin in primary teeth is not affected by consuming desalinated water.

scholarly journals Microscopic and Chemical Assessments of the Filling Ability in Oval-Shaped Root Canals Using Two Different Carrier-Based Filling Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Mancino ◽  
Naji Kharouf ◽  
Joseph Hemmerlé ◽  
Youssef Haïkel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Filling Ability ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the filling ability in oval-shaped canals using two different carrier-based filling techniques. Materials and Methods Twenty-four human mandibular premolars with one oval canal were selected. Canals were shaped using WaveOne Gold Primary and ProGlider. Samples were divided into two groups and filled as follows: Thermafil and GuttaCore. The proportions of gutta-percha-filled areas (GPFAs), sealer-filled areas (SFAs), and void areas (VA), at 2 and 5 mm, were analyzed using optical numeric microscope, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray. Statistical Analysis Data were compared by Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance on ranks, with statistical significance set at α = 0.05. Results At 2 and 5 mm distances from the apex, this study discloses no statistically different filling ability for the two techniques. Concerning each sample treated using both filling systems, the presence of tags was visualized. At working length (WL)-5, and WL-2, the maximum tag penetration depth for the GuttaCore group into the dentinal tubules was, respectively, 96 μm and 48 μm, whereas the values in the thermafil group were 109 μm, and 55 μm, respectively. Conclusions Our results clearly show that Thermafil and GuttaCore can fill oval-shaped canals in appropriate way. Furthermore, we can state that the GuttaCore obturator allows to preserve the same filling ability than Thermafil obturator, in view of the fact that there was no difference, in terms of GPFA, SFA, and VA between the two different carrier-based obturation techniques.

scholarly journals Management of By-Product Created by Lye-Sodium Brine Purification Method Using Carbonization

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Paweł Iwański ◽  
Bartłomiej Igliński ◽  
Grzegorz Piechota
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnesium Compounds ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Scanning Electron

The article presents carbonization as a method of waste management from the brine sodium-lime method. It was compared with the previously obtained results for the lye-sodium one. Within it, the fltration and washing times were contrasted for treated and non-carbonised samples. For this aim potentiometric titration analysis was used to determine the precipitation's basic components and by-product brine. Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectrum and diffractographic analysis were used for morphology analysis what allowed to determine the tested samples' composition. It was found that despite significant differences in the time of washing and filtration, the time of these processes is shortened after the suspension has been exposed to carbon dioxide. In both cases the composition allows the waste brine to be recycled to the purifcation processes and the mixture of calcium and magnesium compounds become alternative raw material. It turned out that in both methods it is possible to utilize the suspension formed.

Chronic Tympanomastoiditis with Formation of Calculi

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
Boris Gapany-Gapanavicius ◽  
Jona Sela ◽  
Itzhak S. Levij
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Mastoid Surgery ◽  
Suppurative Inflammation ◽  
Middle Ear Cleft ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Mastoid Antrum

Numerous calculi of varying sizes and shapes were discovered in the mastoid, antrum, and attic during mastoid surgery for persistent chronic suppurative inflammation of the middle ear cleft with retroauricular and external meatal fistulas in an 8-year-old boy. Light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic examinations and x-ray microanalysis revealed the calculi to consist of masses of crystals containing calcium-oxalate and calcium-and magnesium-phosphate. No signs of tuberculosis were found. Since the patient had multiple dysplasias, including ipsilateral macrotia, in addition to chronic otitis media and mastoiditis, it is suggested that the formation of the calculi may have been due to congenital predisposition.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MINERAL BERPOTENSI TINGGI PADA PASIR GALIAN DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

Molekul ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Zaroh Irayani ◽  
Bilalodin Bilalodin
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Magnetic Mineral ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
River Sand ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Valuable Element

It have been done analysis high potential mineral contents of sands and sandstone in Banyumas region. Sands and sandstone are taken from mining traditional at rivers and river’s stone grinder place. Sand samples were taken from Tajum, Logawa, Serayu and Klawing river, while sandstone were taken from Banjaran, Logawa and Klawing river’s grinder place. Sand was separate using permanent magnet to disassociated the magnetic and non magnetic mineral content and analyzed by X-ray difraction to reveal the mineral types. The Result indicated that river sand contained 39% magnetic mineral and 61% non magnetic. While identification using X-ray difraction obtained that sand have mineral of complex structured of valuable element such as Fe, Ti, Si and Zn and also rare earth like Y, Ca, Li and La.

In vivo Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Enamel Permeability in Primary Teeth with and without Early Childhood Caries

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
J.S. Narrenthran ◽  
M.S. Muthu ◽  
A. Renugalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background: Over the years, certain primary teeth have been shown to be highly sensitive to dental caries, while others have remained caries-free. It has been hypothesized that this may be attributed to differences in the permeability of the enamel surface. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the hypothesized differences in the permeability of primary tooth enamel in children with and those without Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) using scanning electron microscopy. Materials and Methods: Sixteen children between 3 and 6 years of age were randomly selected and divided into two groups: Group 1, children without S-ECC (n = 8), and Group 2, children with S-ECC (n = 8). In each child, 4 teeth (the maxillary right and left central and lateral incisors) were subjected to evaluation. An impression was made with polyvinylsiloxane impression material, and scanning electron microscopy was used to inspect the negative replicas for droplets. Results: The results indicated higher significance when individual regions (cervical, middle, and incisal thirds) in the two groups were evaluated and compared. Similarly, the overall results showed high statistical significance between S-ECC and non-S-ECC teeth. Conclusion: There could be a positive relationship between the permeability of tooth enamel and the development of caries, which needs further research.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

Quantification of Silica Uptake by Alveolar Macrophages - An Emperical Scanning Electron Microprobe Method

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
V. V. Damiano ◽  
R. P. Daniele ◽  
H. T. Tucker ◽  
J. H. Dauber
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

An important example of intracellular particles is encountered in silicosis where alveolar macrophages ingest inspired silica particles. The quantitation of the silica uptake by these cells may be a potentially useful method for monitoring silica exposure. Accurate quantitative analysis of ingested silica by phagocytic cells is difficult because the particles are frequently small, irregularly shaped and cannot be visualized within the cells. Semiquantitative methods which make use of particles of known size, shape and composition as calibration standards may be the most direct and simplest approach to undertake. The present paper describes an empirical method in which glass microspheres were used as a model to show how the ratio of the silicon Kα peak X-ray intensity from the microspheres to that of a bulk sample of the same composition correlated to the mass of the microsphere contained within the cell. Irregular shaped silica particles were also analyzed and a calibration curve was generated from these data.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

Use of SEM, X-ray analysis and TEM to localize Fe3+ reduction in roots

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 392-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Wergin ◽  
P. F. Bell ◽  
Rufus L. Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Young Root ◽  
Insoluble Precipitate ◽  
Uptake And Transport ◽  
Scanning Electron

In dicotyledons, Fe3+ must be reduced to Fe2+ before uptake and transport of this essential macronutrient can occur. Ambler et al demonstrated that reduction along the root could be observed by the formation of a stain, Prussian blue (PB), Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3 n H2O (where n = 14-16). This stain, which is an insoluble precipitate, forms at the reduction site when the nutrient solution contains Fe3+ and ferricyanide. In 1972, Chaney et al proposed a model which suggested that the Fe3+ reduction site occurred outside the cell membrane; however, no physical evidence to support the model was presented at that time. A more recent study using the PB stain indicates that rapid reduction of Fe3+ occurs in a region of the root containing young root hairs. Furthermore the most pronounced activity occurs in plants that are deficient in Fe. To more precisely localize the site of Fe3+ reduction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to examine the distribution of the PB precipitate that was induced to form in roots.

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