Comparison of Behavior and Dental Anxiety During Intranasal and Sublingual Midazolam Sedation – A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the behavioral effects and the changes in the anxiety level of children after intranasal and sublingual midazolam sedation using Venham's clinical anxiety scale and salivary cortisol level. Study Design: Twenty children aged 3 to 7 years were randomly assigned to Group A (n=10) intranasal or Group B (n=10) sublingual midazolam (0.2mg/kg) sedation. The anxiety levels at various time periods were assessed using Venham clinical anxiety scale and corresponding changes in salivary cortisol levels were assessed before and after the drug administration. The anxiety levels were assessed independently by two pediatric dentists from recorded videos. Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 19.0.Results: There was a significant decrease in anxiety level from baseline to 20 minutes after drug administration in group A (p=0.004) and group B (p=0.003). There was no significant change in salivary cortisol levels before and after the drug administration in group A (p=0.07) and group B (p=0.38). Conclusions: Both intranasal and sublingual administration of midazolam was equally effective in reducing the child's anxiety. However, there was no significant difference in the salivary cortisol levels in both groups.

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Gambaran Penerapan Terapi Bermain Mewarnai Gambar Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah Akibat Hospitalisasi

Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan ◽

10.48144/prosiding.v1i.728 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 642-647

Author(s):

Fanilia Sabela ◽

Siti Rofiqoh

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Play Therapy ◽

Healing Process ◽

Anxiety Level ◽

Anxiety Scale ◽

Anxiety Score ◽

Before And After ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

To Receive

AbstractHozpitalization is a process that requires children to be hospitalized to receive therapy during the healing process. The children often experience various problem during hospitalization. One of them is anxiety that may be reduced through play therapy. This study aims to describe the implementation of play therapy by coloring pictures in reducing anxiety. This case study involved two preschool-aged children who experienced anxiety due to hospitalization. Anxiety level was measured by using Faces Anxiety Scale (FAS). Two patients were asked to play coloring pictures during hospitalization. Anxiety level was measured before and after the intervention. The results show that before the intervention the anxiety score in first patient was 3 while second patient was 2. After the intervention the anxiety score in both cases was 1. This case study indicate that play therapy can resolve anxiety among children undergoing hospitalization. This study suggests for nurses to implement play therapy by coloring pictures as an alternative way to reduce anxiety levels in preschool children due to hospitalization.Keywords: Hospitalization; anxiety; preschool; play therapy coloring picture AbstrakHospitalisasi adalah suatu proses yang mengharuskan anak dirawat di rumah sakit untuk mendapat terapi sampai proses penyembuhan. Masalah yang sering dialami oleh anak saat menjalani hospitalisasi adalah kecemasan. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan kecemasan yaitu melalui terapi bermain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak prasekolah akibat hospitalisasi. Desain penelitian berupa studi kasus pada 2 anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi. Alat ukur kecemasan menggunakan Faces Anxiety Scale (FAS). Fokus intervensi berupa penerapan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar. Cara mengevaluasi dengan membandingkan skor kecemasan FAS sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil menunjukkan sebelum intervensi skor kecemasan pada kasus satu yaitu 3 sedangkan pada kasus dua yaitu 2. Setelah intervensi skor kecemasan pada kedua kasus yaitu 1. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukan masalah kecemasan pada dua kasus teratasi. Kesimpulan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar terbukti dapat menurunkan kecemasan pada anak hospitalisasi. Saran bagi perawat diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar sebagai salah satu cara alternatif dalam meurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak prasekolah akibat hospitalisasi.Kata kunci: Hospitalisasi; kecemasan; terapi bermain; prasekolah

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"Correlation of Salivary Cortisol Levels with Anxiety in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients before and after Complete Denture Rehabilitation: An Invivo Study" (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.30826 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dr Akansha Bansod ◽

Dr Sweta Kale Pisulkar

Keyword(s):

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Complete Denture ◽

Type Ii ◽

Before And After ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Edentulous Patients ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND Complete edentulism constitutes health care burden, resulting in emotional alterations and a reduction in quality of life of the patients, raising their stress levels. Stressful situations cause increased blood pressure and heart rate resulting in the secretion of cortisol hormone, which stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis causing hyperglycemia, which may favor the occurrence of Diabetes. As the diabetics population is rapidly rising, Prosthodontists are certain to see more number of diabetic edentulous patients. Thus, there is a need to assess the relationship of complete denture rehabilitation with the generic health of edentulous patients which can be done by checking the stress levels, and their effects on systemic health. OBJECTIVE To determine anxiety levels and Salivary Cortisol levels in Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients and compare and correlate them before and after rehabilitation with Complete Dentures METHODS It will be a cross-sectional study, carried out on edentulous diabetic patients visiting the Department of Prosthodontics of Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital. With consent for participation, Glycated Hemoglobin and anxiety levels will be determined, along with fabrication of complete dentures. Patients will be assessed at two stages; before and 1 month after complete denture rehabilitation RESULTS The research has been approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee.The results expected are the significant reduction in anxiety levels after Complete Denture Rehabilitation and thus, a definitive correlation between anxiety and salivary cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS Patient’s adaptation to new dentures can be improved by the professional’s by gaining knowledge of the relationship between dental rehabilitation and the overall health of edentulous patients.

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“Correlation of Salivary Cortisol Levels with Anxiety in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients before and after Complete Denture Rehabilitation.” (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.28034 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dr Akansha Vilas Bansod ◽

Dr Sweta Kale Pisulkar

Keyword(s):

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Complete Denture ◽

Type Ii ◽

Before And After ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Edentulous Patients ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND Complete edentulism constitutes global health care burden. People with no teeth fail to eat and speak effectively. This results in emotional alterations and a reduction in quality of life of the patients, raising their stress levels. Stressful situations cause increased blood pressure and heart rate resulting in the secretion of cortisol hormone, which is a cardinal regulator of physiologic stress response. Cortisol stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis causing hyperglycemia, which may favor the occurrence of Diabetes and other glucose metabolism disorders. As the diabetics population is rapidly rising throughout the world and with growing life expectancy, Prosthodontists are certain to see more number of diabetic edentulous patients. Thus, there is a need to assess the relationship of complete denture rehabilitation with the generic health of edentulous patients which can be done by checking the stress levels, with the help of hormonal markers and their effects on systemic health. OBJECTIVE To determine anxiety levels and Salivary Cortisol levels in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients and compare and correlate them before and after rehabilitation with Complete Dentures. METHODS It will be a cross-sectional study, carried out on edentulous diabetic patients visiting the OPD of Department of Prosthodontics of Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital. With consent of the patients for participation, Glycated Hemoglobin will be measured and anxiety levels will be determined using a DASS-21 Questionnaire along with fabrication of a new set of complete dentures. Patients will be assessed at two stages; before and 1 month after complete denture rehabilitation. The data obtained will be analysed using student paired t-test. RESULTS Significant reduction in anxiety levels after Complete Denture Rehabilitation and thus, a definitive correlation between anxiety and salivary cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS Patient’s adaptation to new dentures can be improved by the professional’s by gaining knowledge of the relationship between dental rehabilitation and the overall health of edentulous patients.

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Study the Relationship Between Estrogen Hormone and Calcium in Normal Females Before and After Menopause in Baghdad / Iraq

Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences ◽

10.32441/kjps.v2i1.152 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sameerah Mustafa ◽

Asal Tawfeeq ◽

Hadeel Hasan

Keyword(s):

Oral Contraceptive ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽

Contraceptive Pills ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Age Range

This study involved the collection of (90) samples of women serum which included (30) serum samples collected from women before menopause (reproductive women) in the age range of (22-43) years and were considered as (group A- control). While, (group B) included (30) serum samples collected from women using oral contraceptive pills between the ages of (22-43) years old. Whereas, another (30) serum samples were collected from women after menopause between the ages of (43-54) years and were considered as (group C). All of the collected serum samples were subjected to a number of serological and chemical tests for the measurement of (E2, HDL, LDL and Ca). Then, the obtained data were statistical analyzed and results showed a significant decrease (p˂ 0.05) in (E2 ,Ca and HDL) levels in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls. While, there were non-significant decrease (p> 0.05) in (E2, Ca and HDL) levels in women taking oral contraceptive when compared to the normal healthy controls. On the other hand, a significant increase (p˂ 0.05) was recorded in LDL level in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls whereas, no-significant increase (p˃ 0.05) in the LDL level in women taking oral contraceptives when compared to the control women.

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A Comparative Study of Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana in the Management of Shweta Pradara

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i4.9322 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Renuka M. Tenahalli

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Early Stage ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Phosphorus Iron ◽

Group B ◽

Busy Schedule ◽

Iron And Calcium

Shweta Pradara (Leucorrhoea) is the disease which is characterized by vaginal white discharge. Vaginal white discharge this symptom is present in both physiological and pathological condition, when it becomes pathological it disturbs routine life style of the woman. Most of the women in the early stage will not express the symptoms because of hesitation and their busy schedule. If it is not treated it may leads to chronic diseases like PID (Garbhashaya Shotha etc.) Charaka mentioned Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana. This treatment is used in Shweta Pradara shown positive results, hence a study was under taken to assess its clinical efficacy. 30 diagnosed patients of Shweta Pradara were randomly selected, allocated in three groups. Group A and Group B received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana respectively and Group C received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu followed by Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana for 15 days. The patients were assessed for the severity of the symptoms subjectively and objectively before and after the treatment and at the end of the follow up. Data from each group were statistically analyzed and were compared. No side effects were noted and it may be considered as an effective alternative medicine in Shweta Pradara (leucorrhea). Amalaki is rich in natural source of vitamin C and contains phosphorus, iron and calcium. Honey contains carbohydrate, vitamin C, phosphorus iron and calcium. All together these help to increase Hb% and immunity. Vata Twak Kashaya contains tannin which helps to maintain normal pH of the vagina.

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Application and practice of a step-by-step method combined with case-based learning in Chinese otoendoscopy education

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02513-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fanqin Wei ◽

Qiyang Sun ◽

Zili Qin ◽

Huiwen Zhuang ◽

Guangli Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning Experience ◽

Step Method ◽

Innovative Methods ◽

Before And After ◽

Case Based Learning ◽

Group A ◽

Clinical Thinking ◽

Group B ◽

Learning Interest ◽

Case Based

Abstract Background Standardized training allows more physicians to master otoendoscopic surgery. However, the lecture-based learning (LBL) applied in otoendoscopy teaching may not be conducive to training students in clinical thinking and surgical ability. It is necessary to explore innovative methods for otoendoscopy teaching. This study aimed to determine the effect of a step-by-step (SBS) method combined with case-based learning (CBL) in otoendoscopy teaching. Methods Fifty-nine physicians who participated in otoendoscopy training were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into two groups (A and B). Group A underwent training with the SBS & CBL method, while Group B underwent training with the LBL & CBL method. The effects of these two methods for otoendoscopy training were compared by evaluation of professional skills and questionnaires before and after the training. Results Proficiency in otoendoscopic anatomy and grades for both professional knowledge and otoendoscopic skills were significantly higher in Group A than in Group B(P < 0.05). In terms of learning interest, surgical ability, acting capacity during surgery, reducing surgical complications, and satisfaction with learning experience, all responses from Group A were better than those from Group B(P < 0.05). Conclusions The SBS & CBL method may help to improve ability in otoendoscopic surgery and clinical thinking and appears suitable for endoscopy teaching.

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Comparison of montelukast and mometasone furoate in the prevention of recurrent nasal polyps

Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1177/1753465811427577 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 5-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Erkan Vuralkan ◽

Cem Saka ◽

Istemihan Akin ◽

Sema Hucumenoglu ◽

Binnur Uzmez Unal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrence Rate ◽

Nasal Spray ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Nasal Polyposis ◽

Mometasone Furoate ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Snot 22

Background: The aim of our study was to compare the effects of montelukast and mometasone furoate nasal spray on the postoperative course of patients with nasal polyposis. Patients and methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis between March 2006 and August 2007 were included in the study. All patients underwent bilateral endoscopic sphenoethmoidectomy and were randomized postoperatively into two groups. Group A ( n = 25) received 10 mg montelukast per day and group B ( n = 25) received 400 µg mometasone furoate nasal spray twice daily. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 scores, polyp grades, computerized tomography (CT) scores (Lund–Mackay), eosinophils in peripheral blood and polyp tissue were evaluated before and after surgery. Results: There was a significant reduction in SNOT-22 scores in both groups throughout the study period. There was a significant difference in the recurrence rate between both groups with a marginal advantage of mometasone furoate nasal spray. Eosinophils in peripheral blood were found to be effective on the recurrence rate ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, both drugs seem to have a complementary action and further studies are needed to determine which patients should receive which treatment.

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Effects of choral singing on salivary cortisol levels and self-reported stress in university students

Music and Medicine ◽

10.47513/mmd.v13i4.794 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Gunnar Glauco De Cunto Carelli Taets ◽

Ramon Werner Heringer Gutierrez ◽

Leila Brito Bergold ◽

Luana Silva Monteiro

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Health Issues ◽

Group Approach ◽

Choral Singing ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Cortisol Levels

Although mental disorders are common among university students, the majority of students with mental health issues do not seek out treatment during their academic life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel group approach- choir singing, and its potential impact on stress, via salivary cortisol levels and self-reported stress levels in university students during 4 sessions of choir singing. It was based on a quasi-experimental research conducted with 25 Brazilian university students. Each choir singing session lasted 60 minutes. A question was asked before and after the intervention: what is the level of your stress? Salivary cortisol was collected before and after the intervention. After the choir singing intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction in self-reported stress (p<0.0001) and salivary cortisol levels (p<0.0001). This research suggests that choir singing can reduce the self-reported stress of university students after 4 weeks of follow-up with ∆= 45.83% and salivary cortisol levels in the first week with ∆= 3.57%.

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STUDY OF GHRELIN LEVELS IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT

10.36106/ijsr/7325261 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 52-54

Author(s):

Peeyush Yadav ◽

G. G. Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Free T4 ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Serum Ghrelin ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of ghrelin in hypothyroid patients before and after treatment with L-thyroxine and to nd a possible relationship between ghrelin and thyroid hormones. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 hypothyroid patients (44 Males & 56 Females) before treatment (Group A) and after treatment (Group B) attending the outpatient clinics or admitted in wards of J.L.N. Hospitals, Ajmer. 100 healthy control subjects (Group C) of same age group of either gender were selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from patients and controls, after overnight fast of at least 8 hours. Estimation of Serum Ghrelin, free T3, free T4, and TSH was done by using Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique. Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL – Cholesterol were measured by automated analyser (Beckman & Coulter's AU680). VLDL – Cholesterol, LDL – Cholesterol were calculated by Friedwald's formula. Differences in the parameters among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by its Tukey HSD post hoc analysis. Correlations between variables were tested using the Pearson rho (r: Correlation coefcient) correlation test. Results: Findings of the present study shows that the levels of serum fT3 (1.79 ± 0.29 pg/mL) and serum fT4 (0.34 ± 0.11 ng/dL) were signicantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (fT3 = 3.00 ± 0.32 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.81 ± 0.15 ng/dL) and Group C (fT3 = 3.12 ± 0.31 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.85 ± 0.11ng/dL) whereas serum TSH levels were signicantly higher in Group A (40.59 ± 13.55 μIU/mL) compared to Group B (5.34 ± 1.47 μIU/mL) and Group C (3.23 ± 1.04 μIU/mL). Levels of serum Ghrelin were signicantly higher in Group A (918.19 ± 48.47 pg/mL) compared to Group B (700.34 ± 46.35 pg/mL) and Group C (681.49 ± 35.80 pg/mL). A non signicant correlation of Ghrelin with S.fT4 and TSH was found in both Group A and Group B whereas S.fT3 and BMI shows a non signicant correlation in Group A in comparison to a signicant correlation in Group B. Conclusion: There is a reversible increase in the levels of serum ghrelin which became normalized after L-thyroxine substitution in hypothyroid patients. Alteration in the levels of serum ghrelin in thyroid disorders indicates a compensatory role of ghrelin in metabolic disturbances and also suggests a possible association between thyroid hormones and serum ghrelin levels.

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Anal sphincter dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: an observation manometric study

Open Medicine ◽

10.1515/med-2016-0088 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 509-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Silvia Marola ◽

Alessia Ferrarese ◽

Enrico Gibin ◽

Marco Capobianco ◽

Antonio Bertolotto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Fecal Incontinence ◽

Anal Pressure ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

The Difference ◽

Resting Anal Pressure ◽

Group B ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Group D

AbstractConstipation, obstructed defecation, and fecal incontinence are frequent complaints in multiple sclerosis. The literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders is scant. Using anorectal manometry, we compared the anorectal function in patients with and without multiple sclerosis.136 patients referred from our Center for Multiple Sclerosis to the Coloproctology Outpatient Clinic, between January 2005 and December 2011, were enrolled. The patients were divided into four groups: multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group A); multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group B); non-multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group C); non-multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group D). Anorectal manometry was performed to measure: resting anal pressure; maximum squeeze pressure; rectoanal inhibitory reflex; filling pressure and urge pressure. The difference between resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers was defined as the change in resting anal pressure calculated for each patient.ResultsGroup A patients were noted to have greater sphincter hypotonia at rest and during contraction compared with those in group C (p=0.02); the rectal sensitivity threshold was lower in group B than in group D patients (p=0.02). No voluntary postcontraction sphincter relaxation was observed in either group A or group B patients (p=0.891 and p=0.939, respectively).ConclusionsThe decrease in the difference in resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers suggests post-contraction sphincter spasticity, indicating impaired pelvic floor coordination in multiple sclerosis patients. A knowledge of manometric alterations in such patients may be clinically relevant in the selection of patients for appropriate treatments and for planning targeted rehabilitation therapy.

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