scholarly journals Some Approaches to Energy and Environmental Issues in the Legislation of Integration Associations (Example of the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union)

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 164-178
Author(s):  
T. V. Efimtseva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

At the present stage of the European Union development, energy policy is a strategy aimed at achieving the energy independence of the region and ensuring the energy security of all EU members. In this regard, it should be considered reasonable to transfer the issues of energy strategy development to the supranational bodies of the Union. At the same time, energy policy should be considered in close connection with the environmental policy of the European Union, as environmental protection is a topical issue in the European region. The result of cooperation between the countries of Europe is the implementation of such initiatives as the development of renewable energy sources, the production of alternative fuels, the introduction of «green taxes», the operation of a common system of environmental management and environmental audit, the action of a kind of system of environmental certification of products («eco-label»). Similar problems are faced by such an integration association as the Eurasian Economic Union. In this regard, the experience of the European Union should be taken into account when addressing energy and environmental issues in the framework of the common policy of the EAEU Member States. In particular, the paper justifies the necessity of concluding a multilateral agreement on the protection of the environment in the EAEU framework. Currently, the basis of scientific and technical cooperation of the EAEU Member States is the priority technological platforms, which are understood as objects of innovative infrastructure network, making it possible to ensure the integration of states, science and business to combine and concentrate the necessary resources in the most important areas of scientific and technological development of the Eurasian Economic Union, including in the fields of energy and environment.

scholarly journals Protection against competition law violations: Opportunities for compensation for damages in the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union

Pravovedenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-380
Author(s):  
Elena V. Babkina ◽  
◽  
Natalia G. Maskayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Competition Rules ◽  
Competition Laws ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Supranational Regulation

The article analyzes current legal regulations in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and European Union (EU) governing protection against integrated entities’ violations of their respective competition laws. The issues of the policies implemented in this area in accordance with EAEU law, the correlation of national and supranational regulation and their application (including the principle of non bis in idem), and the delimitation of the competence of national and EAEU bodies in this area are clarified in light of the provisions of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union (EEC) of May 29, 2014 and advisory opinions of the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union (of April 4, 2017; of December 17, 2018; of June 18, 2019). The absence of a legal ground for “private enforcement” of the EAEU competition laws, including its most important element — compensation for losses — is noted. In this regard, the authors analyze the experience of the European Union in this sphere, which is reflected in the Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of November 26, 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the member states and of the European Union. Its key provisions are considered in sufficient detail. Based on the results of the research undertaken, it is concluded that it is necessary to empower the Eurasian Economic Commission in the EAEU Treaty to calculate the damages caused by the infringements of the EAEU Treaty competition rules that have or may have a negative effect on competition in cross-border markets in the territories of two or more EAEU member states. In order to implement this, it is also proposed to vest the EEC with the competence to approve the procedure of recovery and methodology of calculating these damages. According to the authors, the development of such a procedure requires the study, inter alia, of the mentioned EU experience.

PECULIARITIES OF THE STATUS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION COURT AND OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COURT

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
MARAT SARSEMBAYEV
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The Status ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Grand Chamber

this scientific article analyzes the general and special aspects of the status and activities of the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and the Court of the European Union (EU), as well as legal aspects of the relationship between the national judicial bodies of the member states of the European Union and its Court. Common to both courts is the presence of a Grand chamber, through which both Courts settle the most important cases. Both courts are similar in that they consider disputes and claims of the interested participants in a particular Union. Due to the presence of the prejudicial requests, the article shows the process of strengthening integration ties between the EU Court and the national courts of the member states.

scholarly journals Implications of the New EU Carbon Border Tax for the EAEU

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
M. M. Murashko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
European Markets ◽  
The Eu

The article focuses on the interaction of the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union in the context of green technological transformation. The European Union is actively pursuing a policy of transition to a carbon-neutral economy. In this regard, it intends to implement a special tax mechanism, which may significantly limit export opportunities for the EAEU. Moreover, the EU is one of the key partners of the EAEU and plays a major role in the economic development of individual countries that are members of the integration association. The article further discusses the projected risks for the EAEU member states, and provides measures that can ensure trade security of the Union’s countries on the European markets. In particular, measures should be aimed at the development own environmental legislation, harmonization of the legislation of EAEU member states, and the creation of permanent negotiation mechanisms to bring together the positions of EAEU countries in the context of the climate policy pursued by the European Union.

scholarly journals CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES FOR THE TRANSFER BY MEMBER STATES OF THE AUTHORITY TO THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION AND EUROPEAN UNION

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Лидия Щур-Труханович ◽  
Lidiya Shchur-Trukhanovich
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
International Association ◽  
The State ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Eu

This article presents an analysis of constitutional grounds for the transfer of certain powers of the state by Member-States of the European Union (EU) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The focus of the legal analysis is the EAEU, a regional integration grouping which is operating since 1 January 2015. This new international organization, comprising Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia is rapidly developing , making the use of the powers vested into it by its Member-States. However, only one Member-State of the EAEU has a constitutional act that contains norms allowing the transfer of certain powers to an international association — namely, the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The constitutional acts of other Member-States of the EAEU do not contain such provisions, and the relevant analysis was left to the constitutional judiciary authorities of those states. In contrast, constitutional acts of most European states contain norms that generally establish the right of the state to transfer certain powers to international organizations and associations, and, moreover, that specifically refers to the EU as a subject of such a transfer, while at the same time outlining procedures for the interaction between governmental bodies of those states and the institutions of the EU. By making a comparative analysis of international norms and national constitutional provisions in the EU and EAEU, the article attempts to estimate the relevant risks for the EAEU, and identify the conditions in which they may occur.

Competitiveness of energy-consuming devices: new requirements in technical regulation for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
E.A. Sysoeva ◽  
◽  
T.A. Rozhkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Economic Union

The Eurasian economic Union has adopted the technical regulation «On energy efficiency requirements for energy-consuming devices» (TR EEU 048/2019), which is applied to widely used energy-consuming devices that have a significant share in the energy consumption balance and produce a significant impact on the energy security of the EEU member States. In TR EEU 048/2019 updated quantitative requirements to energy consuming devices, with new, additional requirements for energy efficiency, corresponding to modern level of the development of energy-saving technologies, and harmonization gradually introduced requirements on energy efficiency of energy consuming devices installed in a TR EEU 048/2019, with the requirements of the directives and regulations of the European Union, suggests that energy efficiency in energy-consuming products manufactured in the member States of the Eurasian economic Union, will steadily increase and it should have a positive impact on the competitiveness of energy-consuming goods produced in the territory of the Eurasian economic Union. The introduction of the EAEU TR 048/2019 is an urgent solution for ensuring energy security of the economies and the energies of the member States of the Eurasian economic Union and will promote the promotion of competitive energy-consuming products produced on the territory of the countries of the Eurasian economic Union to the international market and will allow the population to save money on acquisitions of energy efficient energy consuming devices.

European Energy Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almas Heshmati ◽  
Shahrouz Abolhosseini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
The European Union

This chapter reviews relevant literature on the current state and effectiveness of developing renewable energy on energy security in general, and on energy security in the European Union (EU) in particular. The chapter elaborates on primary energy import sources, possible alternatives, and how energy security is affected by the sources of supply. It also gives an analysis of the effects of the Ukrainian crisis, the isolation of Iran on diversification sources, and on European energy security. It examines EU’s energy policy, analyses the best motivation for a new energy policy direction within Europe, and suggests alternative solutions for enhanced energy supply security. The aim is to suggest suitable solutions for energy security in Europe through energy supply diversification. Supply diversification includes alternative energy corridors for reducing dependency on Russia as a supplier and enhancing the power generated by renewable energy sources under the European Union 2020 strategy.

Towards an Enhanced Institutional Structure of the Eurasian Economic Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Igor V. Pilipenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Commission ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Eu

This article considers how to enhance the institutional structure of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in order to enable timely decision-making and implementation of governance decisions in the interests of Eurasian integration deepening. We compare the governance structures of the EAEU and the European Union (EU) using the author’s technique and through the lens of theories of neofunctionalism and intergovernmentalism elaborated with respect to the EU. We propose to determine a major driver of the integration process at this stage (the College of the Eurasian Economic Commission or the EAEU member states), to reduce the number of decision-making bodies within the current institutional structure of the EAEU, and to divide clearly authority and competence of remaining bodies to exclude legal controversies in the EAEU.

Integration processes in higher education

2021 ◽  
pp. 570-573
Author(s):  
M.A. Polozhishnikova ◽  
E.Yu. Raikova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Education System ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

The article defines the features of higher education in the Eurasian Economic Union and the prospects for cooperation with the European Union in the field of training personnel capable of solving the problems of eliminating technical barriers in the implementation of foreign economic activity and identifies the main integration processes in the higher education system.

scholarly journals Nothern European Lessons for Eurasian Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
L. S. Voronkov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Eu

The paper is dedicated to the differences between the classical instruments for regulating interstate political and trade-economic relations from those used in the development of regional integration processes. Traditionally, the Eurasian Economic Union is compared with the European Union, considering the EU as a close example to follow in the development of integration processes. At the same time, there exist the other models of integration. The author proposes to pay attention to the other models of integration and based on the analysis of documents, reveals the experience of Northern Europe, which demonstrates effective cooperation without infringing on the sovereignty of the participants. The author examines the features of the integration experience of the Nordic countries in relation to the possibility of using its elements in the modern integration practice of the Eurasian Economic Union.

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