Evolución urbanística de una ciudad portuaria burguesa (Santander, 1750-1941) / Urban development of a bourgeois port city (Santander, 1750-1941)

Ería ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-328
Author(s):  
Carmen Delgado Viñas
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
General Process ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Urban Transition

Santander comenzó precozmente el proceso de transición urbana. Desde mediados del siglo XVIII, sucesivos proyectos de remodelación de las instalaciones portuarias supusieron la ampliación del suelo urbano a través del relleno de espacios costeros ganados al mar. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación confirman que la dinámica de la transición urbana y urbanística forma parte de un proceso general de las ciudades europeas, en particular de las portuarias, con muchos denominadores comunes, aunque con diferentes tiempos y ritmos. Los nuevos medios de desplazamiento y transporte contribuyeron en gran medida a consolidar dichos procesos. Partiendo de estas premisas, aceptadas de forma casi unánime, se puede colegir, a partir del análisis del caso de Santander, que los agentes socioeconómicos fueron determinantes en la dinámica urbana y urbanística, el aumento del volumen poblacional y en la ampliación y reorganización de la superficie del espacio urbano.Santander a commencé tôt le processus de transition urbaine. Depuis le milieu du XVIIIe siècle, les projets successifs de réaménagement des installations portuaires se sont traduits par une expansion des terres urbaines par le remplissage d’espaces côtiers acquis sur la mer. Cette recherche confirme que la dynamique de la transition urbaine et de l’aménagement s’inscrit dans un processus général des villes européennes, en particulier des villes portuaires, avec de nombreux dénominateurs communs, bien que leurs temps et leurs rythmes soient différents. Les nouveaux moyens de transport ont contribué à consolider ces processus. L’analyse du cas de Santander permet de comprendre que les agents socio-économiques ont déterminé la dynamique urbaine et de l’aménagement, la croissance démographique ainsi que l’expansion et la réorganisation de l’espace urbain.Santander began the urban transition process early. Since the mid-eighteenth century, successive port remodeling projects have led to the expansion of urban land through the filling of coastal spaces gained from the sea. This research confirms that the dynamics of the urban transition are part of a general process of European cities, in particular of the port cities, with many common denominators, although with different times and rhythms. The new means of transport contributed to consolidate these processes. It can be gathered, from the analysis of the case of Santander, that socioeconomic agents determined urban dynamics, population growth as well as the expansion and reorganization of urban space.

Bremen, Liverpool, Marseille and Rotterdam: Port Cities, Migration and the Transformation of Urban Space in the Long Nineteenth Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Thomas van de Laar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Cultural Reform ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transient Population ◽  
The City

During the long nineteenth century Bremen, Liverpool, Marseille and Rotterdam developed rapidly and built new harbour districts beyond the confines of the city. These new waterfronts became the zones of the other; an area defined by the social and cultural lives of casual workers, transient migrants and other disadvantaged groups and became a place in need of social and cultural reform. Few scholars have paid attention to the specific interrelations between migration and the transformation of urban space in port cities. This article addresses the issue of how diverse national and transnational migrant movements have shaped the urban identity of these port cities in this period. In a comparative framework, it raises the question what impact a transient population had on the harbour-related districts and how the appearance of these informal zones contributed to the image of the port city as a place of otherness.

scholarly journals "Freshest advices"?: the currency of London news in Dublin City newspapers, 1790 - 1801

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (108) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Sarah Catherine McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Communications Network ◽  
Average Transmission ◽  
Foreign Intelligence

This paper summarises a MLIS dissertation which studied the currency of news, sourced from London newspapers and re-printed in Dublin City newspapers, during the final decade of the eighteenth century. London was a vital communications network hub for the dissemination of information, consisting of British and Foreign Intelligence, to Irish port cities such as Dublin. Using the resources of recently digitised London and Dublin newspaper series, it was possible to build a model which accurately represents the transmission time for London 'News' into Dublin editorial offices. The model provides a frequency distribution from which the minimum, maximum and average transmission times are established. It is argued that the same method can reliably be applied to determine the transmission time for news from the main European cities to London and Dublin.

scholarly journals A Port City in Northeast China: Dengzhou in the Long Eighteenth Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD C. PO
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
The South ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern China

AbstractIf we were asked to recall a coastal city of early modern China, most of us would choose Shanghai, Canton, Xiamen, or Macau. These port cities became famous for facilitating trans-regional sea trade that linked the Qing Empire to the rest of the world. Attentive observers know that all of these cities are located on the Southeast China coast, by which we mean the coastal areas south of Shanghai. Taking Shanghai as the dividing line between the northeastern and southeastern coastlines, the port cities of the south are far more likely to be familiar to us than are those of the north. I consider this phenomenon (i.e. the focus on the coast of early modern China) to be a “Southeast China centrism.” And although we might all concede that some southeastern seaports were vital to transoceanic interactions, it is shortsighted to ignore the northern port cities and the role they played in connecting China with the maritime world. In this article I investigate the importance of Northeast China's port cities by focusing particular attention on the less familiar coastal seaport of Dengzhou. By detailing and examining the political and economic importance of this port city in the early modern period, I will show that Qing China's northeastern coast was no less important than the southeast. Even if China's northern port cities might not have been as economically vibrant as those in the south, we should not overlook their functions and histories. Indeed, they also attained unique patterns of political and economic development throughout the long eighteenth century.

Space Making as Artistic Practice: The Relationship between Grassroots Art Organizations and the Political Economy of Urban Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1142-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Zilberstein
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Art Organizations ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
The Relationship

Standard narratives on the relationship between art and urban development detail art networks as connected to sources of dominant economic, social, and cultural capital and complicit in gentrification trends. This research challenges the conventional model by investigating the relationship between grassroots art spaces, tied to marginal and local groups, and the political economy of development in the Chicago neighborhood of Pilsen. Using mixed methods, I investigate Do–It–Yourself and Latinx artists to understand the construction and goals of grassroots art organizations. Through their engagements with cultural representations, space and time, grassroots artists represent and amplify the interests of marginal actors. By allying with residents, community organizations and other art spaces, grassroots artists form a social movement to redefine the goals and usages of urban space. My findings indicate that heterogeneous art networks exist and grassroots art networks can influence urban space in opposition to top–down development.

scholarly journals “The Hoist of the Yellow Flag”: Vulnerable Port Cities and Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 153851322199871
Author(s):  
Dirk Schubert ◽  
Cor Wagenaar ◽  
Carola Hein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Yellow Flag ◽  
Dutch City

Port cities have long played a key role in the development, discovery, and fight against diseases. They have been laboratories for policies to address public health issues. Diseases reached port cities through maritime exchanges, and the bubonic plague is a key example. Port city residents’ close contact with water further increased the chance for diseases such as cholera. Analyzing three European port cities, this article first explores the relevance of water quality for public health through the lens of the Dutch city of Rotterdam. It then examines plans and projects for London that were shaped by social Darwinism and stressed the moral failings of slum dwellers as a major cause for their misery. It finally explores the case of Hamburg as the perfect example of a city that cultivated ideals of purity and cleanliness by addressing all issues at stake in public health. This article on urban hygiene in three port cities shows how remarkably rich this field of study is; it also demonstrates that the multifaceted aspects of public health in port cities require further attention.

The socio-economic and demographic characteristics of port cities: a typology for comparative analysis?

Urban History ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Merchant Capital ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThis article addresses a range of conceptual issues relating to the history of European port cities in order to construct a framework for comparative research. Port cities played a key role in European urban development and their growth was often determined by common factors. Particular attention is paid to the demography of port cities, their specific labour markets and the dominant ideology of merchant capital. The article establishes a basis for analysing case studies of individual port cities and for exploring their location within the overall process of European urbanization.

A Mediterranean insular port-city in transition: economic transformations, spatial antagonism and the metamorphosis of landscape in nineteenth-century Hermoupolis on the island of Syros

Urban History ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
APOSTOLOS DELIS
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Port City ◽  
World War ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Economic Landscape

ABSTRACT:Port-cities provide excellent examples of the socio-economic transformations that occurred during the transition from merchant to industrial capitalism in the second half of the nineteenth century. Hermoupolis on the island of Syros was a major economic centre in Greece and a hub of international trade during the nineteenth century. However, economic transformations that commenced in the 1860s affected long-established port-based activities such as wooden shipbuilding and its related industries due to the decline of sailing ships and the expansion of factories. This factor led to an increase in tension and antagonism between manufacturers and shipbuilders over the use of land and altered the physical and the socio-economic landscape of the port-city. However, new types of economic activities flourished, like the tramp steamship business and factories, which enabled Hermoupolis to maintain its economic importance until World War II.

Some Reflections on the Town and Country in Mughal India

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historical Geography ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Alexander Hamilton ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Town ◽  
French Physician ◽  
Local Languages

There can be few aspects of Indian studies more neglected than that of historical geography. Within this larger area of neglect, urban history occupies a special place. The indifference with which Indian historians have approached the urban heritage of the subcontinent is all the more difficult to understand because to contemporary European visitors, the merchants and other travellers, the towns and cities of Mughal India held a profound fascination. From the time of Tomé Pires and his highly perceptive Suma Oriental down to the end of the eighteenth century, stories of Indian travels and the accompanying descriptions of Mughal urban life continually entertained the popular literary audience. Not all of them understood or reported accurately what they saw. As the Scottish sea captain and country trader, Alexander Hamilton, who had an unrivalled knowledge of the sea ports and the coastal towns of India, pointed out with some candour, one great misfortune which attended the western travellers in India was their ignorance of the local languages. But the manifest contrast between the physical appearance of the European cities and those of Asia provoked some considerable and sensitive analysis of the nature of the urban processes in the two continents. Perhaps the most able and penetrating comments on the Mughal political, economic, and civic order came from the pen of the Dutch merchant, Francisco Pelsaert, and the French physician, François Bernier.

scholarly journals Challenges for European Tourist-City-Ports: Strategies for a Sustainable Coexistence in the Cruise Post-COVID Context

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
María J. Andrade ◽  
João Pedro Costa ◽  
Eduardo Jiménez-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Social Environmental

In recent years, cruise tourism has increased the negative effects caused by touristification in many European port cities. Despite this, these cities are in a great competition to be a destination, a tourist-port. Cruise tourism has come to stay, and a steady growth can be expected in a post-COVID-19 scenario, but at what cost? The tourist-port demands highly effective planning answers occurring simultaneously, and the global pandemic crisis provides a buffer of time to seek best practices, combining the expected economical (re)development with social, environmental, and cultural sustainability. This paper proposes five different strategies that contribute to finding a sustainable coexistence between tourist ports and their cities. To this end, trans-scalar strategies developed in previous research from different disciplines have been studied and categorized in a port-city context, in order to provide a holistic viewpoint on the measures carried out to maximize the benefits and limit the negative impacts of cruise tourism on cities.

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