scholarly journals Professor Ivan Diomidovich Kudrin (100th birth anniversary)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Yusupov ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Ganapolsky ◽  
Boris V. Ovchinnikov ◽  
Tatyana V. Sambukova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Russian Military

This article highlights the stages of professional activity of the outstanding Russian military scientist-physiologist, Ivan Diomidovich Kudrin, in the course of solving scientific problems of habitability and medical and psychological support in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Ivan Diomidovich headed the leading scientific division, which is a scientific and methodological center in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Armed Forces on habitability and professional selection problems. Thanks to the experimental and practical activities of the unit led by him and his direct participation, concepts of habitability factor rationalization and medical and psychological support of personnel at various stages of military service were theoretically, experimentally, and practically justified as separate complex areas of military preventive medicine and psychology. Under the leadership of Ivan Diomidovich, normative and technical documents were developed to regulate the implementation of military improvement and professional performance in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union. The ideo logy of habitability and medical and psychological support created by I.D. Kudrin and his scientific school formed the basis for todays successful work of two scientific research center departments.

Russian military patriotic education: a control tool against the arbitrariness of veterans

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Sieca-Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military

The military had been concerned about military patriotic education for a long time when Putin's Patriotic Education Programme was published. As soon as the collapse of the Soviet Union occurred, followed a few years later by the creation of the Russian armed forces, they had already been developing patriotic education programmes aimed primarily at youth, aided by veterans of local wars, both volunteers and recruits. The aim of this article is to show that the military version of patriotic education aims openly to encourage military service, and that the Russian state will try to enlist veterans of the Afghanistan and Chechen wars in activities linked to military patriotic education and its spread in military and civilian spheres. Our hypothesis is that the determination to bring veterans together around a common project has two aims: (1) to federate veterans around the authorities and (2) to channel a population that escapes government control and some of whose excesses on their return to civilian life (violence towards the population in the context of their function, for veterans of the Interior Ministry in particular) have darkened the image of the ministries known as the “power” ministries.

Podpułkownik doktor medycyny Konstanty Świder (1908–1965), zasłużony psychiatra Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
Stanisław Ilnicki
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Military Physician

This is the first of three papers published in this issue of the Lekarz Wojskowy (Military Physician) magazine dedicated to an outstanding military physician, Lt. Col. Konstanty Świder MD, PhD, forgotten in Poland. The paper presents his lineage, school years and studies, at the Physician Department of the Warsaw University and at the Medical Cadets School in Warsaw. The beginning of Świder’s career as a professional military physician in Poland, his fate after the outbreak of the WWII in September 1939 – time he spent in Soviet captivity, his military service in the Anders’ Army in the Soviet Union, in the Middle East, and during the Italian Campaign, and his contribution to building a psychiatric support system for soldiers of the Polish Armed Forces in the West are described. The last part of the paper describes the course of Dr. Konstanty Świder’s professional stabilization as an immigrant in the USA and his activity in the Polish diaspora in Chicago up to his premature death in 1965. Moreover, examples of Dr. Świder’s literary work and information on the status and professional activity of his children in the USA are presented.

Transformation of Russian Military Enterprise in the Geopolitical During the Putin Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-282
Author(s):  
Fei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Current Period ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Military Enterprise

Vladimir Putin's annual address as president in 2006 neatly summaries the reason why Russia had to press forward with long-overdue reforms of its armed forces. Two decades after the fall of the Soviet Union, Russia was still left with an oversized military organization built for large-scale mobilization and the demands of the Cold War, but highly ineffective for the type of conventional military conflicts that Russia was most likely to become involved in. The rationale behind Russia's reforms of the armed forces were thus clear long before the war in Georgia, which has often been pointed to as the reason why the reforms were launched in October 2008. President Vladimir Putin's current period runs out in 2024, when he is due to step down, according to the constitution. Given the fact that the current political system has been carefully crafted for almost 20 years, it is evident that there is uncertainty about its future. First, it no longer produces wealth for the population. For five years in a row, the real disposable income has been decreasing.

History and Memory of Female Military Service in the Age of World Wars

2020 ◽  
pp. 469-497
Author(s):  
Karen Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Front ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
War Powers ◽  
The Soviet Union

During the First and Second World Wars, women’s wartime service became increasingly important for the functioning of the home front and battlefront in Britain, Germany, Russia, the United States, and other war-powers. Hundreds of thousands of women served in the militaries of the belligerents during World War II. Scholars estimate that the percentage of women in the Allied armed forces reached up to 2–3 percent. The number of women in military service in Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union was especially high, but only in the latter were they officially enlisted as soldiers. Despite their numbers and importance, until recently, mainstream historiography and public memory have largely ignored women’s military service. This chapter takes a closer, comparative look at women’s wartime service in the Age of the World Wars in history and memory and explains the paradox that while it was increasingly needed, it has long been downplayed and overlooked in public perception and memory in all war powers and across the ideological divide of the Cold War.

scholarly journals The Modernization of Poland Defense Forces to Respond Russia Military Presence in Kaliningrad Oblast (2014-2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Banyu Perwita ◽  
Widya Dwi Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Kaliningrad Oblast ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Military

The geopolitical security condition of Eastern Europe has undergone a drastic shift from Communist to Democratic ideology. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Poland immediately joined the Western alliance, which led to the massive structural changes of the country. The shift has had an enormous impact on Russia where it has made various confrontations to regain its influence in the region. Russia continues to increase tensions by increasing the military capabilities of Kaliningrad Oblast, which is directly bordered by Poland. In response, the Polish government made efforts to modernize its military as part of the Defense White Book 2013 to improve its military capabilities in response to Russian military presence in Kaliningrad Oblast. The role of the global players (EU, NATO, and the USA) is key important to the security stability of the region. Poland on its four pillars specifically calls the alliance with the USA and becomes a member of NATO as an important factor in the formulation of its defense policy, in which Poland could increase the capabilities of its Armed Forces.

SMALL ARMS OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION ARMED FORCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Jarosław NAWROTEK
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Russian Military

Russia has been for many years one of main producers and exporters of arms and military equipment. But even if the Russian Military-industrial Complex still maintains a leading position, there is at least one domain where it was forced to quit positions kept during the Soviet Union and does not present any new achievements. The question refers to firearms where relatively low costs of manufacture are transformed on a few percentage share in the world arms trade. This market has a significant symbolic meaning for Russia despite of its modest financial dimension. Military operations require a deployment of infantry with its firearms, independently on state of the art technology of the arms used by the armies. Beside the armed forces, the firearms are used by special and antiterrorist services, police, border and coastal guards, and also by the structures dedicated for fighting the drugs trafficking.

scholarly journals The Jews in Finland and World War II

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Tapani Harviainen
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
World War ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Winter War

In the years 1989–1944 two different wars against the Soviet Union were imposed upon Finland. During the Winter War of 1989–1940 Germany remained strictly neutral on the basis of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact&&Great Britain and France planned intervention in favour of Finland. When the second, so-called Continuation War broke out in the summer of 1041, Finland was co-belligerent of Germany, and Great Britain declared war on Finland in December 1941. De jure, however, Finland was never an ally of Germany, and at the end of the war, in the winter 1944–1945, the Finnish armed forces expelled the German troops from Lapland, which was devastated by the Germans during their retreat to Norway. Military service was compulsory for each male citizen of Finland. In 1939 the Jewish population of Finland numbered 1 700. Of these, 260 men were called up and approximately 200 were sent to serve at the front during the Winter War.

scholarly journals THE THEORETICAL ANALYSES OF THE DEFINITION OF "PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRECTION" AND IT'S ROLE AND PLACE WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF THE MORAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
L. Belichenko
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Professional Qualification ◽  
Unique Definition ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of

The issue of psychological support to military personnel especially in the course of the conduct of combat activities is exceptionally up to date. One of the many ways of providing such assistance is the psychological correction. Civil psychologists in the course of their professional activity fully use the opportunities of the psychological correction whilst working with clients. In the context of providing psychological support within the Armed Forces of Ukraine this category has been slightly pushed out. This could be related with several reasons that urge for a separate analysis and highlight. This article presents a thorough theoretical analysis of the concept of psychological correction and its role and place within the system of the moral-psychological support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The guidelines that present the definitions of psychological correction have been analyzed and this created the possibility to identify the two existing directions of psychological correction, namely the annihilation of the negative consequence of participating in combat activities (within the framework of conducting the measures of psychological rehabilitation) and forming the qualities needed for military service (within the framework of the everyday psychological support of service activities) and additional suggestions in terms of directions of its use. The principle differences of such definitions as "psychological correction" "psychological consultation" and "psychotherapy" have been defined. The approaches on determining the psychological correction by civil researchers have been defined, both by foreign and domestic scientists. Such an analysis has allowed developing a unique definition of psychological correction and most certainly whilst including the peculiarities of the activity of military psychologists. The results of the conducted activities that have been highlighted in the article are the fundament for conducting further activity with the issues mentioned, particularly the ability to develop the methodology of using the psychological correction at every of the mentioned stages whilst working with military personnel, as well as the development of an educational program for psychologist-officers and the employees of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to increase their professional qualification in such an important issue.

The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
National Defence

The armed forces of Europe have undergone a dramatic transformation since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces provides the first comprehensive analysis of national security and defence policies, strategies, doctrines, capabilities, and military operations, as well as the alliances and partnerships of European armed forces in response to the security challenges Europe has faced since the end of the cold war. A truly cross-European comparison of the evolution of national defence policies and armed forces remains a notable blind spot in the existing literature. This Handbook aims to fill this gap with fifty-one contributions on European defence and international security from around the world. The six parts focus on: country-based assessments of the evolution of the national defence policies of Europe’s major, medium, and lesser powers since the end of the cold war; the alliances and security partnerships developed by European states to cooperate in the provision of national security; the security challenges faced by European states and their armed forces, ranging from interstate through intra-state and transnational; the national security strategies and doctrines developed in response to these challenges; the military capabilities, and the underlying defence and technological industrial base, brought to bear to support national strategies and doctrines; and, finally, the national or multilateral military operations by European armed forces. The contributions to The Handbook collectively demonstrate the fruitfulness of giving analytical precedence back to the comparative study of national defence policies and armed forces across Europe.

The Armed Forces of the Soviet Union

Red Russia ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Theodor Seibert
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Soviet Union
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document