About malignant tumors of the nasopharynx

1908 ◽  
Vol 8 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 529-566
Author(s):  
I. S. Rozhdestvensky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Lymphatic Gland

A common characteristic for the malignancy of tumors is the property of their cells to capture adjacent tissues, enter by lymphatic or blood vessels, graft and give new tumors both in the nearest parts of the body (dissemination), as well as in distant organs that hide (metastases). On a microscopic preparation, you can see in addition to the phenomena of multiplication of tumor cells (karyokinesis), even cells moving from the periphery of the tumor into the nearest lymphatic gap and lymphatic gland, where they, multiplying, give secondary nodes; in the same way, they can be found in the blood, by which they are carried to the most diverse and distant parts of the body, sometimes giving (for example, sarcomas) an innumerable number of metastatic tumors of the same histological structure.

The Effects of Large Blood Vessels on Three-Dimensional Tissue Temperature Distributions During Electromagnetic Induced Nano-Hyperthermia: Numerical Simulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Shan Deng ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Tumor Hyperthermia

As is well known, the blood flowing through large blood vessels acts as a heat sink and plays an important role in affecting temperature profiles of heated tissues [1]. In hyperthermia, heating is usually limited to the tumor and a small margin of the surrounding tissue. Since the temperatures in the rest of the body remain normal, the blood that supplies the tumor will be relatively cold. Consequently, the blood flow inside a large vessel will represent a sink which cools the nearby heated tissues and then limits heating lesion during tumor hyperthermia. Under this adverse condition, a part of vital tumor cells may remain in the thermally lethal area and lead to recurrence of tumors after hyperthermia treatment. More specifically, tumor cell survival in the vicinity of large blood vessels is often correlated with tumor recurrence after thermal therapy. Therefore, it is difficult to implement an effective hyperthermia treatment when a tumor is contiguous to a large blood vessel or such vessel transits the tumor. How to totally destroy tumor cells in the vicinity of large blood vessels has been a major challenge in hyperthermia [2].

scholarly journals Metabolism in experimental malignant tumors. (Problems of Oncology, 1928, No. 1)

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-104
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dramatic Effect ◽  
Enzymatic Nature ◽  
Nitrogenous Metabolism

Experimental studies have convinced Professor A.V. Repreva (Vopr. Oncology, 1928, No. 1) that inoculation of the smallest pieces of a malignant tumor to an animal has a dramatic effect on the metabolism in the body of the latter and, above all, on water exchange, then on salt metabolism, nitrogenous metabolism, etc. Obviously, tumor cells contain substances close to bodies of an enzymatic nature.

scholarly journals ISTOLOGY STRUCTURE AND HISTOMORPHOMETRY KINTAMANI DOGS SKIN OF BALI ORIGIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-653
Author(s):  
Ni Made Ayu Kurniawati ◽  
Ni Luh Eka Setiasih ◽  
Putu Suastika
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Different Thickness

Kintamani dog is the only Balinese breed has been recognized by Federarion of International Cynology (Fédération Cynologique Internationale). Kintamani dogs live around Sukawana Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, of Bali. The purpose of this study was to determine the hystologycal structure and histomorphometry of kintamani dog skin. The kintamani dog used in this study were 1-2 years old. Histological structure observed by carlzeiss teaching microscope with objective lens magnification 5, 10, 20, 40, and 100x. In this study, the hystologycal structure of kintamani dog consists of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, except on planum nasale. Planum nasale of kintamani dogs do not have hypodermis. The other components found in the hystologycal structure is sebaseous gland, sweat gland, hair follicles and blood vessels. While the histomorphometry of kintamani dog skin have a different thickness depending on location of the body and gender. In this study, Kintamani dog skin is the thickest in female planum nasale with thickness from epidermis to dermis at 6437.040 ?m and the thinnest in male stomach at 2047.378 ?m.

scholarly journals Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Uveal Melanoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-921
Author(s):  
V. G. Likhvantseva ◽  
O. A. Anurova ◽  
S. E. Astakhova ◽  
M. V. Vereshchagina ◽  
V. E. Ovanesyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
The One

A prerequisite for the growth, progression and metastasis of malignant tumors of any localization is the development of its own vascular network. Newly formed vessels not only nourish the primary tumor, but also create conditions for the spread of tumor cells through the circulatory system and the formation of distant metastases. Angiogenesis is able to launch a small population of tumors from 100–300 cells that have accumulated genetic aberrations and have begun to express proangigenic molecules. The phenomenon is known as “transformation of tumor cells into angiogenic phenotype”. A tumor with angiogenic phenotype carries a high potential for proliferation and malignization. This pattern has been found in many types of cancer, but studied less in uveal melanoma. Meanwhile, in this aspect, uveal melanoma, metastasizing exclusively in a hematogenic way, with its selective, organotropic nature of metastasis, becomes an attractive model for the study of the molecular “scenario” of tumor angiogenesis studies allow us to say that, UM is subject to the general patterns of the development of malignant tumors. As with many types of tumors, VEGF is an obligate condition for the development and progression of UM. The VEGF molecule’s producers in UM are two cell populations: endothelial vascular cells and tumor cells. VEGF’s expression in UM is cyclical. The cycle is re-initiated, apparently, by increasing cell density in tumor proliferate and the development of hypoxia zones. We found no correlation between the intensity of pigmentation, necrosis, hemorrhage, germination in the corner of the front chamber, ophthalmohypertension on the one hand, and expression of VEGF in UM cells on the other. At the same time, a direct link between the expression of VEGF in tumor cells and EC vessels on the one hand and the thickness, base diameter, as well as the localization of UM, on the other hand, has been revealed. Additionally, VEGF expression in tumor cells was closely correlated with the histological structure of UM, and VEGF expression in EC correlated with the stage of the disease. Thus, the authors showed that UM, like other malignant solid tumors, is prone to transformation into angiogenic phenotype and expression of VEGF.

COMPARISON OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF MOXONIDINE VERSUS CLONIDINE IN RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR.MATHEW GEORGE ◽  
DR.LINCY JOSEPH ◽  
MRS.DEEPTHI MATHEW ◽  
ALISHA MARIA SHAJI ◽  
BIJI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Blood Flows

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls as the heart pumps out blood, and high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is an increase in the amount of force that blood places on blood vessels as it moves through the body. Factors that can increase this force include higher blood volume due to extra fluid in the blood and blood vessels that are narrow, stiff, or clogged(1). High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys.

Harnessing clay nano-particles for stem-cell driven tissue regeneration, EPSRC

Impact ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dawson ◽  
Richard Oreffo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
The Right

Gels made from clay could provide an environment able to stimulate stem-cells due to their ability to bind biological molecules. That molecules stick to clay has been known by scientists since the 1960s. Doctors observed that absorption into the blood stream of certain drugs was severely reduced when patients were also receiving clay-based antacid or anti-diarrhoeal treatments. This curious phenomenon was realized to be due to binding of the drugs by clay particles. This interaction is now routinely harnessed in the design of tablets to carefully control the release and action of a drug. Dr Dawson now proposes to use this property of clay to create micro-environments that could stimulate stem cells to regenerate damaged tissues such as bone, cartilage or skin. The rich electrostatic properties of nano (1 millionth of a millimetre) -scale clay particles which mediate these interactions could allow two hurdles facing the development of stem-cell based regenerative therapies to be overcome simultaneously. The first challenge - to deliver and hold stem cells at the right location in the body - is met by the ability of clays to self-organise into gels via the electrostatic interactions of the particles with each other. Cells mixed with a low concentration (less than 4%) of clay particles can be injected into the body and held in the right place by the gel, eliminating, in many situations, the need for surgery. Clay particles can also interact with large structural molecules (polymers) which are frequently used in the development of materials (or 'scaffolds'), designed to host stem cells. These interactions can greatly improve the strength of such structures and could be applied to preserve their stability at the site of injury until regeneration is complete. While several gels and scaffold materials have been designed to deliver and hold stem cells at the site of regeneration, the ability of clay nanoparticles to overcome a second critical hurdle facing stem-cell therapy is what makes them especially exciting. Essential to directing the activity of stem-cells is the carefully controlled provision of key biological signalling molecules. However, the open structures of conventional scaffolds or gels, while essential for the diffusion of nutrients to the cells, means their ability to hold the signalling molecules in the same location as the cells is limited. The ability of clay nano-particles to bind biological molecules presents a unique opportunity to create local environments at a site of injury or disease that can stimulate and control stem-cell driven repair. Dr Dawson's early studies investigated the ability of clay gels to stimulate the growth of new blood vessels by incorporating a key molecular signal that stimulates this process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In a manner reminiscent of the observations made in the 60s, Dr Dawson and colleagues observed that adding a drop of clay gel to a solution containing VEGF caused, after a few hours, the disappearance of VEGF from the solution as it became bound to the gel. When placed in an experimental injury model, the gel-bound VEGF stimulated a cluster of new blood vessels to form. These exciting results indicate the potential of clay nanoparticles to create tailor-made micro-environments to foster stem cell regeneration. Dr Dawson is developing this approach as a means of first exploring the biological signals necessary to successfully control stem cell behaviour for regeneration and then, using the same approach, to provide stem cells with these signals to stimulate regeneration in the body. The project will seek to test this approach to regenerate bone lost to cancer or hip replacement failure. If successful the same technology may be applied to harness stem cells for the treatment of a whole host of different scenarios, from burn victims to those suffering with diabetes or Parkinson's.

Penile Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma: A Rare Case With PD-L1 Expression

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692098834
Author(s):  
Raquel Machado-Neves ◽  
Bernardo Teixeira ◽  
Elsa Fonseca ◽  
Pedro Valente ◽  
Joaquim Lindoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Case ◽  
Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltrate

Most malignant tumors of the penis are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), being divided in 2 groups, one human papillomavirus (HPV)-related and another non-HPV-related, with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) being one of the rarest HPV-related SCC. In this article, we report a case of a 50-year-old man who presented testicular swelling and pain for the past 3 months. A penile mass was identified, and the patient was submitted to a total penectomy. The penectomy specimen showed an ulcerated lesion at the glans reaching the cavernous bodies. Microscopic examination showed undifferentiated epithelial cells with syncytial growth pattern mix with a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, consistent with LELC. The tumor cells expressed p16 and all 3 different clones of PDL1 (22C3, SP263, and SP142). The patient is alive and well with a follow-up of 3 months. To our knowledge, this is the third LELC of the penis reported in literature and the first case reported with PDL1 expression.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional relationships between tumor cells and microcirculation with double cyanine immunolabeling, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and computer-assisted reconstruction: an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Rummelt ◽  
L M Gardner ◽  
R Folberg ◽  
S Beck ◽  
B Knosp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Tumor Blood Vessels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the microcirculation of uveal melanomas is a reliable market of tumor progression. Scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations can generate three-dimensional views of these vascular patterns, but this technique sacrifices the tumor parenchyma. Formalin-fixed wet tissue sections 100-150 microns thick from uveal melanomas were stained with the lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEAI) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to demonstrate simultaneously the tumor blood vessels and proliferating tumor cells. Indocarbocyanine (Cy3) was used as a fluorophore for UEAI and indodicarbocyanine (Cy5) was used for PCNA. Double labeled sections were examined with a laser scanning confocal microscope. Images of both stains were digitized at the same 5-microns intervals and each of the two images per interval was combined digitally to form one image. These combined images were visualized through voxel processing to study the relationship between melanoma cells expressing PCNA and various microcirculatory patterns. This technique produces images comparable to scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations while permitting simultaneous localization of melanoma cells expressing PCNA. The microcirculatory tree can be viewed from any perspective and the relationship between tumor cells and the tumor blood vessels can be studied concurrently in three dimensions. This technique is an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

Risk of Metastatic Ovarian Involvement in Nongynecologic Malignancies

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidong Kim ◽  
Soo Youn Cho ◽  
Sang-Il Park ◽  
Hye Jin Kang ◽  
Beob-Jong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Adnexal Tumors

ObjectiveThe objectives were to evaluate the risk of malignant adnexal tumors in women with nongynecologic malignancies and to identify variables associated with the risk of malignant adnexal tumors.MethodsThe eligibility criteria included the diagnosis of a nongynecologic malignancy and adnexal tumors, which were resected or subjected to biopsy at our institute between 1999 and 2010. The risk of malignant adnexal tumors was assessed by dividing the number of patients with metastatic tumors to the adnexa or primary adnexal cancers by the total number of patients. The association of clinicopathologic variables with the risk of malignant adnexal tumors was evaluated using the Fisher exact test and binary logistic regression analysis. In patients with metastatic tumors to the adnexa, the association of clinicopathologic variables with overall survival after adnexal surgery was examined using the log-rank test.ResultsIn 166 patients with adnexal tumors, 41 benign tumors, 113 metastatic tumors to the adnexa, and 12 primary adnexal cancers were diagnosed. Age older than 46 years, a tumor type associated with a high risk for malignant adnexal tumors, and bilateral tumors significantly increased the risk of malignant adnexal tumors. The overall survival of the patients with stomach cancer was significantly worse than the patients with colorectal or breast cancers.ConclusionOne hundred twenty-five of the 166 patients with nongynecologic malignancies who had adnexal tumors managed surgically were shown to have malignant tumors, and most of the tumors were metastatic from primary sites. The risk of malignant adnexal tumors was associated with age, nongynecologic malignancy, and bilaterality.

ENCAPSULATION OF RHABDITOID NEMATODES IN MOSQUITOES

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan F. Bronskill
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Adult Tissue ◽  
Defence Reaction ◽  
Blood Sinus

In third and fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.), juveniles of the rhabditoid, DD136, penetrate the blood sinus and cardial epithelium of the proventriculus to enter the body cavity of the host, where they complete their development. By 5 hours, a thick capsule developed about many of the ensheathed immature adults of DD136 within the body cavity of A. aegypti larvae. This rapid defence reaction of the mosquito to DD136, which has both a melanin and a cellular manifestation, occurs both in the exotic mosquito A. aegypti and in the two endemic species tested, Aedes stimulans (Walker) and Aedes trichurus (Dyar). The resistance of A. stimulans to an endemic rhabditoid, possibly of the Diplogasteridae, is also similar. The histological structure of the capsule is not affected during metamorphosis in A. aegypti; however, during histogenesis of adult tissue displacement and (or) distortion of some tissues and organs may be caused by the presence of the capsule within the host's body cavity. The activity of the adult A. aegypti is normal when this distortion or displacement is minor. Though usually encapsulated DD136 are retained within the body cavity of A. aegypti during metamorphosis, sometimes they are partially or completely expelled from the host's body cavity at the time of molting.

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