scholarly journals Clinical and immunological studies of periodontal inflammatory complications at orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
G R Khaliullina ◽  
S L Blashkova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Devices

The review of clinical and immunologic studies of periodontal inflammatory diseases is presented. At present, the most effective tools for treatment of malocclusions are fixed orthodontic appliances (dental braces), but the use of fixed appliances complicates the oral hygiene, predisposes to periodontal and gum inflammation. The rate of complications diagnosed during orthodontic treatment stays high. The principles of periodontal inflammatory diseases (gingivitis, periodontitis) treatment are closely related with the causes and mechanisms of periodontal inflammation. Patients who receive orthodontic treatment using braces should be treated as a group with a high risk for inflammatory periodontal diseases. The orthodontic devices stimulate the directed reorganization of periodontal structures achieving optimal aesthetic and functional standards. Physiology of periodontium restructuring is largely determined by the local and general health before, during and after the orthodontic treatment. This article surveys the mechanisms of periodontal damage, highlighting the important role of immune response. So far, only anecdotal descriptions of immune response on the stages of orthodontic treatment are published.

scholarly journals Improving medical care in patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis while using fixed orthodontic appliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
G R Khaliullina ◽  
S L Blashkova ◽  
I G Mustafin
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Muramyl Dipeptide ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Aim. To study the immunostimulating effect of glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide in the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances. Methods. The data of clinical and laboratory examination of the oral health status in 54 patients aged 14-24 years with inflammatory periodontal diseases, undergoing orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances were analyzed. The first group included 26 patients in whom glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide (1 mg sublingual tablets daily for 10 days) was additionally administered. The second group included 28 patients receiving standard treatment. The treatment efficacy estimation was based on subjective assessment, clinical, microbiological and immunological examinations. Results. After 6 weeks of treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction of simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-s) to 0.85±0.03 in patients of the first group, compared to 1.64±0,061 before treatment. Periodontal index (PI) and PMA index values were 0, reflecting good level of hygiene and no inflammation in periodontal tissues. In the second group, the OHI-s was 1.5±0.06, PI 0.71±0.04 and PMA 18±1.046%, reflecting mild gingivitis after the 6 weeks of treatment. Bacteriology showed that the number of colonies in the first group was reduced by 1-2 orders of magnitude on average after 6 weeks of treatment. Patients of the second group showed a significant (p 0.05) increase in the number of bacterial colonies potentially causing the periodontal inflammation. The level of secretory IgA after 6 weeks of combined treatment in the first patients group was 249.5±39.1 mg/ml, whereas in the second patients group it was 182.2±14.9 mg/ml, indicating the immunostimulating activity of the complex treatment administered in patients of the first group. Conclusion. This study shows the effectiveness of glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide as immunostumulating drug in combined treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in patients with dental braces.

The effectiveness of a dental gel with barberry extract in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
A. G. Skubitskaya ◽  
I. V. Firsova ◽  
S. V. Poroyskyi ◽  
O. G. Strusovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Group Ii

Relevance. The high necessity in orthodontic treatment among young patients and the use of fixed orthodontic appliances for the treatment of dental pathology are the factors that initiate inflammatory periodontal processes. Timely diagnosis and optimal preventive and treatment procedures can prevent or stop the inflammatory periodontal complications which could have developed during the orthodontic treatment. One of the effective methods for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is the use of targeted antimicrobial agents based on medicinal plants that have specific antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. Purpose – to study the effectiveness of the dental gel with barberry extract for the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients during the active phase of the treatment with fixed appliances.Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients (35 women and 25 men) aged 18 to 35 years who had presented for the orthodontic care. The patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the patients were prescribed applications of a dental gel with barberry extract; in group II, this medication was not prescribed. The clinical condition of the periodontium was assessed with periodontal indices PMA, SBI and OHI-S. The immune status was evaluated by the level of secretory IgA, interleukins (IL-1β and IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The patients were followed up during 1 month of treatment. The results were statistically processed with Statsoft Statistica 8.0 and Graph Pad Prism 5.0.Results. In group II, the production of immunoglobulin IgA, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was impaired after a month of treatment, associated with a significant deterioration in the oral hygiene status and an increase in PMA (by 3 times), SBI (by 5.3 times) indices. In group II, the oral fluid concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4 and TNF-α significantly differed from those in group I as of the 7th day of the observation period and indicated suppression of the mucosal immunity. Clinical and immune parameters of the group I patients improved and were comparable with the control by the end of the observation month.Conclusions. Patients with dental abnormalities are at risk of developing inflammatory periodontal diseases. The results of the immunological tests, performed during the treatment with the use of a dental gel with barberry extract, demonstrated the recovery of the local immunity, as evidenced by the elevation of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva and improvement of cytokine profile parameters.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with and without fixed appliances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Andrade Pellissari ◽  
Gabriela Sergini Pereira Sabino ◽  
Roberto Nepomuceno de Souza Lima ◽  
Rogério Heládio Lopes Motta ◽  
Selly Sayuri Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objectives To identify microorganisms isolated from patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances and to evaluate the resistance of isolated bacterial strains to different antimicrobials. Materials and Methods Seventeen healthy patients wearing a fixed orthodontic appliance (group 1) and six nonwearers (group 2, control group) were evaluated. The biofilm that formed around the orthodontic brackets was collected, and the samples were then plated in a chromogenic medium (chromIDT, bioMérieux). Colony-forming units (CFUs) were isolated and inoculated in blood-agar medium. Automated biochemical tests (VITEK 2, bioMérieux) were carried out to identify the genus and species of the microorganisms and the resistance provided by 43 drugs (37 antibacterial and 6 antifungal). Results The most prevalent microbial genera identified in group 1 were Streptococcus (24.0%), Staphylococcus (20.0%), Enterobacter (12.0%), Geobacillus (12.0%), and Candida (12.0%), and the most frequent species were Enterobacter cloacae complex (13.6%) and Staphylococcus hominis (13.6%). In group 2, the most prevalent genera were Streptococcus (57.1%), Staphylococcus (14.2%), Sphingomonas (14.2%), and Enterobacter (14.2%). With regard to antimicrobial resistance, 14 of 19 (74%) isolated bacterial strains were found to be resistant to at least 1 of the tested antimicrobials. Conclusions The findings of the present study suggest that patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances have a more complex biofilm with a higher level of bacterial resistance.

scholarly journals Microbiological Evaluation of 0.2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouth Rinse in Orthodontic Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Sari ◽  
Ilhan Birinci
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Abstract Objective: To assess the effectiveness of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, aged 13–18, with fixed orthodontic appliances participated in the study. The levels of S mutans and lactobacilli in saliva samples were evaluated at four stages: at the beginning of the orthodontic treatment, at least 2 weeks after the bonding of brackets, 1 week after the introduction of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse, and at the fourth week. The changes in S mutans and lactobacilli levels were analyzed via Wilcoxon test. Results: Increases in bacterial levels of S mutans and lactobacilli were detected after the orthodontic appliances were bonded. A significant decrease in S mutans levels was observed 1 week after the introduction of chlorhexidine mouth rinse. Conclusions: An 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse decreased S mutans levels, but had no effect on lactobacilli levels.

scholarly journals Orthodontically induced external apical root resorption in patients treated with fixed appliances vs removable aligners

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Iglesias-Linares ◽  
Boris Sonnenberg ◽  
Beatriz Solano ◽  
Rosa-Maria Yañez-Vico ◽  
Enrique Solano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
External Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Fixed Appliances

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether orthodontic treatment with removable aligners vs fixed orthodontic appliances is associated with a different frequency of orthodontically induced external apical root resorption (OIEARR) when genetic, radiographic, and clinical factors are accounted for. Materials and Methods: Three hundred seventy-two orthodontic patients treated with removable aligners (Invisalign) or fixed appliances were genetically screened for interleukin 1B gene (IL1B) (rs1143634), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN) (rs419598), and osteopontin gene (SPP1) (rs9138/rs11730582). Twelve clinical variables, potentially associated with OIEARR, were also considered. Subjects were divided according to the presence of radiographically determined OIEARR (>2 mm). The association between OIEARR and appliance type, and radiographic, clinical and genetic factors, was assessed using backward stepwise conditional logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: Reliability of the methods was adequate. Clinical case complexity (American Board of Orthodontics [ABO] Discrepancy Index) (OR: 1.032; 95% CI: 1.005–1.061; P = .021) and extent of incisor apical displacement in the sagittal plane (OR: 1.478; 95% CI: 1.285–1.699; P = .001) were associated with an increased OIEARR risk. After adjusting for associations between clinical/radiographic/genetic factors, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to OIEARR or type of orthodontic appliance used, whether removable aligners or fixed appliances (OR: 1.662; 95% CI: 0.945–2.924; P = .078). Only subjects homozygous for the T allele of IL1RN (rs419598) were more prone to OIEARR during orthodontic treatment (OR: 3.121; CI: 1.93–5.03; P < .001). Conclusions: A similar OIEARR predisposition was identified using either removable aligners (Invisalign) or fixed appliances.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gargling with Aqueous Extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) on the Oral Hygiene Status of Patients Wearing Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Clinical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Munad Jihad Al duliamy
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Background: During the course of fixed orthodontic therapy, it is difficult to maintain high standard oral hygiene care by mechanical tooth cleaning only. Therefore, mouthwashes are commonly used as adjunct for mechanical tooth cleaning. Most of the mouthwashes are chemicals and have a wide range of side effects. Plant extracts have stood the test of time as safe inexpensive and available remedy for providing general health care. Objective: The present study attempted to evaluate the efficacy of gargling with aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) on the oral hygiene status of patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: Eleven male patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were recruited in the study. All patients were given the same oral hygiene regimen during the study period. Clinical evaluation of OPI (orthodontic plaque index) and salivary streptococcus mutans count were recorded at the first activation visit (three weeks after placement of the orthodontic appliances) which considered the baseline visit and after one week of gargling with the extract. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS (version 21) using Paired Samples t-test. Result: The results of the statistical analysis revealed that, there were highly significant reductions in both OPI and salivary streptococcus mutans count after one week gargling with aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). Conclusion: The present finding concluded that, aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) could be use as a promising ingredient in manufacturing mouthwashs and other dental supplies that contribute in maintaining good oral hygiene during the course of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

scholarly journals Treatment outcome with orthodontic aligners and fixed appliances: a systematic review with meta-analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon N Papageorgiou ◽  
Despina Koletsi ◽  
Anna Iliadi ◽  
Timo Peltomaki ◽  
Theodore Eliades
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Meta Analyses

Summary Background The use of orthodontic aligners to treat a variety of malocclusions has seen considerable increase in the last years, yet evidence about their efficacy and adverse effects relative to conventional fixed orthodontic appliances remains unclear. Objective This systematic review assesses the efficacy of aligners and fixed appliances for comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Search methods Eight databases were searched without limitations in April 2019. Selection criteria Randomized or matched non-randomized studies. Data collection and analysis Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment was done independently in triplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) or relative risks (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted, followed by sensitivity analyses, and the GRADE analysis of the evidence quality. Results A total of 11 studies (4 randomized/7 non-randomized) were included comparing aligners with braces (887 patients; mean age 28.0 years; 33% male). Moderate quality evidence indicated that treatment with orthodontic aligners is associated with worse occlusal outcome with the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (3 studies; MD = 9.9; 95% CI = 3.6–16.2) and more patients with unacceptable results (3 studies; RR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.2–2.0). No significant differences were seen for treatment duration. The main limitations of existing evidence pertained to risk of bias, inconsistency, and imprecision of included studies. Conclusions Orthodontic treatment with aligners is associated with worse treatment outcome compared to fixed appliances in adult patients. Current evidence does not support the clinical use of aligners as a treatment modality that is equally effective to the gold standard of braces. Registration PROSPERO (CRD42019131589).

Stainless steel ligatures in orthodontic treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhussein ◽  
Jonathan Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Using stainless steel auxiliary ligatures in conjunction with fixed orthodontic appliances is of paramount importance in many stages of orthodontic treatment. There is a lack of articles in the literature that provides a comprehensive review of the uses of different methods of ligation in orthodontic treatment. The aim of this article is to provide an illustrated review of their use with fixed appliances; moreover, it will provide practical tips for their appropriate use. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article aims to provide a review, with detailed illustration, of the use of stainless steel ligatures in orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of periodontal health during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
T. Hănțoiu ◽  
Adriana Monea ◽  
Luminița Lazăr ◽  
Liana Hănțoiu
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Group B ◽  
Interdental Brush

Abstract Objectives: Fixed orthodontic appliances make daily application of oral hygiene standard procedures more difficult and in time may lead to accumulation of oral biofilms and development of gingivitis and hyperplasia. The aim of the study is to evaluate the periodontal health expressed by clinical indices in patients under orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, according to different oral hygene maintenance programs. Material and method: We performed a randomized prospective study on 60 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances (17-25 years of age) devided in three study groups. The clnical indices recorded were: modified gingival index, plaque index and sulcular bleeding index. Statistical analysis or the results were carried out using Student t test. Results: The patients were randomly divided into three groups: group A-patients were instructed to use electric brush, water flosser and interdental brush, group B- electric brush, interdental brush and fluoride and group C- manual brushing and fluoride. Statistical comparison of the values of the indexes with the Student t test for independent samples showed statistically significant differences in all three groups of patients studied between initial and final values of all recorded clinical parameters. Conclusions: Fixed orthodontics do not induce periodontal disease if basic principles of oral hygiene are followed in compliant patients, which are correctly instructed to deal with real challenge, represented by complete elimination of debris and bacterial accumulation.

Hyperferritinaemia: An Iron Sword of Autoimmunity

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (27) ◽  
pp. 2909-2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Giemza-Stokłosa ◽  
Md. Asiful Islam ◽  
Przemysław J. Kotyla
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Phase Reactant ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Cytokine Synthesis

Background:: Ferritin is a molecule that plays many roles being the storage for iron, signalling molecule, and modulator of the immune response. Methods:: Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to find out the literature of interest. Results:: The level of ferritin rises in many inflammatory conditions including autoimmune disorders. However, in four inflammatory diseases (i.e., adult-onset Still’s diseases, macrophage activation syndrome, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, and sepsis), high levels of ferritin are observed suggesting it as a remarkable biomarker and pathological involvement in these diseases. Acting as an acute phase reactant, ferritin is also involved in the cytokine-associated modulator of the immune response as well as a regulator of cytokine synthesis and release which are responsible for the inflammatory storm. Conclusion:: This review article presents updated information on the role of ferritin in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases with an emphasis on hyperferritinaemic syndrome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document