scholarly journals Alcoholic patients in neurological departments in Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol XXXI (1-4) ◽  
pp. 87-88
Author(s):  
M. Salaschek ◽  
В. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In Germany, as in many other countries of the world, alcoholism is an urgent problem: approximately 2-3% of the population suffer from alcohol dependence. According to the 1969 decision of the state social court, alcoholism is considered as a disease, in this regard, the social insurance authorities should also take part in the treatment of this disease.

scholarly journals Social Insurance in the Countries of the World and Prospects for Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
O. M. Levanda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Defined Contributions

The article is aimed at denfining the perspective approaches and evaluating the feasibility of using the world experience of social, in particular pension, insurance in Ukraine. On the basis of the analytical approach, the essence and content of social insurance are considered. In particular, social insurance schemes were studied, among which are distiguished the following: social security that covers all workers and is controlled and funded by the State authorities; scheme for the employed population – includes the relationship between the employer and the employee, which are provided as part of the conditions of employment; individual insurance scheme – concluded solely on the initiative of the insurer. It is determined that common schemes against the background of the COVID-19 crisis among the countries of the world (including Ukraine) are assistance in case of illness, unemployment benefits, pensions and disability payments, health insurance provision, social insurance contributions. It is proved that social insurance performs a protective function for society against external risks. In particular, in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection, thanks to the social insurance system, the degree of impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the income of vulnerable groups at the expense of public policy programs has been reduced. The experience of countries around the world as to social insurance programs, including pension schemes is researched along with their further consideration, namely: schemes with defined contributions (DC); schemes managed by non-governmental institutions; notional defined contributions (NDC) schemes; schemes managed by the public administration sector; schemes of defined benefits (DB); hybrid schemes that combine the characteristics of DC and DB pension schemes; schemes administered by an autonomous pension fund. It is determined that pension schemes are being implemented within terms of three systems: solidarity, accumulation and hybrid. In general, the results of the research indicate that the management of the social insurance system in the countries of the world in general and in Ukraine in particular is carried out under regulatory and legal control by the State, which acts as a guarantor of protection of the population in the conditions of national peculiarities of the economy.

SOCIAL INSURANCE IN RUSSIA: STATE, CURRENT CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES TO THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Migranova ◽  
◽  
Valentin D. Roik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mandatory Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Funds

The article deals with the issues of functioning of the social insurance institution, the organizational-legal and financial forms of which are presented by the state extrabudgetary social funds - Pension Fund of Russia, Mandatory Social Insurance Fund and Mandatory Health Insurance Fund. It considers the main characteristics of social insurance: a) scope of covering the employed population by insurance protection; b) contribution rates as related to wages; c) level of protection of population incomes (pensions and benefits as related to wages and subsistence minimum); d) availability of quality medical assistance and rehabilitation services. There are analyzed the present social risks and problems of the RF insurance system. The main problem is that the amount of financial expenditures on all types of social insurance per beneficiary is about half that of most developed and developing countries. The primary cause is lacking motivation of both employees and employers to participate in the mandatory social insurance and to legalize their earnings. In the conclusion there are formulated a number of proposals for improvement of the institution of social insurance in Russia. It is proposed to expand the range of insurance cases concerning unemployment insurance and care for elderly people, to increase the total amount of compulsory contributions to extrabudgetary insurance funds from 30.2% up to 42.5% from three sources - employees, employers and the state.

Popular Belief in State Intervention for Social Protection in China

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHACK KIE WONG ◽  
NAN SHONG PETER LEE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Recent Developments

The paper starts with a brief discussion of recent developments of economic restructuring of the State Owned Enterprises in China and their related reforms in social insurance and social assistance. It then reports the findings of an attitude survey of residents in Shanghai in 1996 towards the social and economic consequences of economic reform. It reveals that, despite the fact that most people feel better off with the reforms, there is still a need for the state to play a role in social protection.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Simon Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Climate ◽  
The State ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Political World ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

The ‘Introduction’ provides an overview of ethics and the ethical climate. People's ethical ideas are manifested in their tendencies to accept or reject routes of thought and feeling, and they may not recognize these in themselves, or even be able to articulate them. Yet such tendencies make up the ethical climate, and they rule the social and political world. For many ethical traditions across the world, the central concern was the state of one's soul. Today, people tend not to care so much about the state of their souls: they tend to think that modern constitutional democracies are fine regardless of the private vices of those within them.

Design in Deloney's Jack of Newbury

PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Dorsinville
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Political Conception ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Jack of Newbury's surface realism in characters, setting, and speech has led to an underestimation of its historical and literary value. A close reading reveals the consistent use of the Greco-Roman ethical-political conception of the state, epitomized in the figure of the ruler. Deloney shows his familiarity with this tradition, probably known to him through Erasmus and Sidney, in the three controlling motifs of his novel. First, the middle class of weavers, represented in Jack's household and dramatized in allegories and symbols, is portrayed as a self-sufficient state where peace and harmony reign. Second, this state is shown to be such because of the nature of its ruler, Jack, a benevolent, generous, wise man. Third, the middle-class way of life—hard work, thriftiness, material gains—serves as princely education; accordingly, Jack, from a menial position, goes on to become ruler of the state. Jack of Newbury, as a systematical reordering of an aristocratic tradition, represents the world view of the emergent middle class; and as such, a momentous shift in the social temper of the Renaissance and an important step in the evolution of the novel.

scholarly journals The Essence and Features of Social Protection in the Ukrainian Retrospective

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6 (344)) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Inna Syomkina ◽  
◽  
Natalia Shabaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The Social

The scientific article reveals the formation of the Ukrainian system of social protection (historical aspect). The main stages of development of social policy in Ukraine, from the first origins to the key principles of modern social policy are described. The desire of the Ukrainian authorities to renounce the paternalistic role and alimony is emphasized. Priorities for activities in the social sphere have been identified: guaranteeing social rights, increasing the effectiveness of social programs, assistance to vulnerable groups (large and low-income families, servicemen, people with special needs, victims of violence, etc.). The general scheme of the social protection system in Ukraine is presented, which consists of two main parts: compulsory state social insurance, which is formed through the contributions of employers and working citizens to the relevant social insurance funds; system of social support (assistance, benefits, subsidies, social services), which is mainly formed by taxation and financed from the state budget. Further ways of scientific research are outlined (content and principles of realization of the state social programs on support of vulnerable segments of the population).

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF STATE SOCIAL INSURANCE: EXPERIENCE OF UKRAINE AND GERMANY

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana KOVAL
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
State Health Insurance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. Social protection of the population is one of the state functions The implementation of a socially oriented state policy involves solving the problems of social protection and is aimed at creating the proper conditions for a decent standard of living and free development of the individual. The emergence and functioning of social insurance is conditioned by the presence of various social risks and the need to retain citizens who can not take an active part in the process of social production. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the practical principles of the functioning of the system of state social insurance of Ukraine and Germany and to develop, on this basis, practical recommendations aimed at improving the social insurance of Ukraine in the context of the borrowing of progressive experience in Germany. Results. Approaches to the treatment of social insurance are considered: as a system of economic relations, as an element of the social policy of the state, as a component of social protection of the population. A comparative analysis of forms of social insurance and sources of financing payments in Ukraine and Germany has been carried out. The practical aspects of functioning of compulsory medical insurance in Germany are investigated, its positive features are revealed. Conclusion. It is revealed that the forms and sources of state social insurance of Ukraine and Germany are similar. The exception is the state health insurance, which in Ukraine is in the stage of implementation. The necessity to restore the payment of a single social contribution by hired workers in the conditions of a shortage of financial resources in the sphere of social insurance of Ukraine is substantiated. It is proposed to apply in the domestic practice the mechanism of functioning of the state medical insurance of Germany, which excludes the possibility of abuses by medical workers in the context of the appointment of unnecessary medical examinations and procedures.

scholarly journals Kayseri’de Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (SSK) Tarafından Üretilen Konut Kooperatiflerinin Nicel Gelişimi (1950-1980) / Quantitative Development of Housing Cooperatives Produced by Social Insurance Institution in Kayseri (1950-1980)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Beyza Onur ◽  
Burcu Ceylan Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Insurance Institution ◽  
Housing Cooperatives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In the post-republic period in Turkey, due to the increase in the rate of industrialization and urbanization, the need for housing in the cities has come to the agenda. In this period, the incentives and investments provided by the state played an important role in eliminating this need by providing the production of housing cooperatives. Between the years of 1950-1980 in Kayseri; the period of industrialization in the city has accelerated and the population of the city has increased. Therefore, the housing need that emerged in Kayseri in this process has been tried to be solved through the state cooperatives produced by the state. In this context, this study aimed to document the housing cooperatives produced by the Social Insurance Institution between 1950-1980 in Kayseri and to examine the quantitative development of the cooperatives. Kayseri Kocasinan Municipality and Kayseri Melikgazi Municipality archives were scanned to make this examination. As a result of the findings, it has been determined that the government has long been involved in the production of housing cooperatives within the economic plans and that the housing cooperatives have increased in quantity and Kayseri has contributed to the spatial development of the city by adding to the housing stock. In addition, in this study, researching housing cooperatives in Kayseri's architectural environment; it is thought that it will help to introduce the politics of generating housing in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet sonrası dönemde, sanayileşme ve kentleşme hızının artmasına bağlı olarak kentlerde konut ihtiyacı gündeme gelmiştir. Bu dönemde devlet tarafından sağlanan teşvik ve yatırımlar, konut kooperatiflerinin üretilmesini sağlayarak bu ihtiyacın giderilmesinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Çalışmanın kapsamı olan Kayseri’de 1950-1980 yılları arası; kentte sanayileşme sürecinin hızlandığı ve kentli nüfusun arttığı dönem olmuştur. Bu nedenle bu süreçte Kayseri’de ortaya çıkan konut ihtiyacı, devlet eli ile üretilen konut kooperatifleri üzerinden giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, Kayseri’de 1950-1980 yılları arasında Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (SSK) tarafından üretilen konut kooperatiflerini belgelemeyi ve kooperatiflerin nicel gelişimini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu incelemeyi yapabilmek için Kayseri Kocasinan Belediyesi ve Kayseri Melikgazi Belediyesi arşivleri taranmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, devletin ekonomik planları dâhilinde konut kooperatifi üretimine uzun süre yer verildiği ve bu sayede konut kooperatiflerinin nicel olarak arttığı ve Kayseri’nin konut stokuna önemli oranda eklenerek kentin mekânsal gelişimine katkıda bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada Kayseri’nin mimarlık ortamındaki konut kooperatiflerini araştırmanın; Türkiye’de bir döneme ait konut üretme politikasının tanıtılmasına yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.</p>

scholarly journals ESSENCE OF SOCIAL INSURANCE, ITS ROLE AND PLACE IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
G. B. Akhmetzhanova ◽  
N. M. Mussabekova ◽  
T. E. Voronova ◽  
B. Amangul ◽  
R. V. Grigorieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual

This article discusses the formation of the social protection system in the Republic of Kazakhstan and its component such as social insurance, the place and role of the Head of State - the Leader of the Nation in the implementation of these reforms in Kazakhstan. The essence, goals, principles of social insurance were determined in this article. The points of view of the scientists and experts were studied. The interpretation of the social insurance, comparative analysis of the concepts of social security, social assistance, benefits and compensation was researched. The state could not stay out of this complex process and began to actively participate in it. Moreover, this participation has been carried out in two directions. The first is the creation of the state insurance system, which either protects the states’, mainly property interests, or protects certain socially vulnerable groups of the population. The second is the creation of the mechanism for legal regulation of insurance relations as the special group of the public relations. In the legislation of any country extensive block called legislation on insurance. In the market economy, based on the private property, the main driver of insurance is the desire of the owner to protect his property. At the same time, the growth of welfare causes the individual to take care of himself, which expands the scope of personal insurance.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OF PHARMACIST FOR TRANSFORMING GLOBAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: ROLES AND OPPURTUNITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
ZULFKAR LATIEF QADRIE ◽  
SHAHID UD DIN WANI ◽  
SURYA PRAKASH GAUTAM
Keyword(s):  
Human Services ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Drug Store ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Health Care ◽  
Clinical Drug ◽  
General Wellbeing

Fifty years ago, the essential job of drug specialists has only been to apportion solutions. Giving clinical drug store administrations at the medical clinics' wards spoke to the development of the calling. Be that as it may, the social insurance framework, around the world, is persistently creating. Today, the drug specialist's unmistakable new jobs have emphatically added to human services and society around the world. Drug specialists are presently accepting more prominent accountability for patients' wellbeing status and advancing the results of medication use. They give human services counsel and oversee interminable ailments. Different orders of social insurance where particular drug specialists are utilized to incorporate oncology offices, irresistible sickness control, general wellbeing, medicate data, toxicology and toxic substance control, atomic medication, and sustenance support. In any case, a fitting determination, instruction, preparing and workforce arranging to speak to an essential for the cutting edge drug store jobs. Specific instruction programs are required. New drug specialists should be appropriately qualified. By and by, rehearsing drug specialists need to adjust the essential information and required aptitudes, therefore, they can build up their training and jobs to address evolving issues.

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