scholarly journals Analysis of L-carnitine effectiveness in complex treat-ment of pregnant women with placental insufficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
G. H. Mamedli ◽  
G. I. Babaeva ◽  
M. E. Azizova ◽  
U. M. Sirajli ◽  
G. G. Hajizade
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Basic Treatment

Objective. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of placental insufficiency in pregnant women with the inclusion of L-carnitine (Inestom) in complex therapy. Materials and methods. A total of 76 pregnant women aged 18 to 39 years were examined at 2240 weeks of gestation. All the examined patients were divided into two groups. Patients of the first group (n = 37) received only basic treatment, which included the use of a complex of vasodilators, tocolytics, drugs that improve microcirculation and rheological properties of blood. Patients of the second group (n = 39) received L-carnitine along with basic therapy (Inestom, Help SA Pharmaceuticals, Greece). Results. The use of the drug Inestom as a part of the complex treatment of placental insufficiency led to the normalization of utero-placental-fetal blood flow and intrauterine fetal development in 94.7 % of pregnant women. After the course of drug therapy, there was an increase in the total score of cardiotography, which in the first group of patients was 7.08 0.06 before treatment and 7.13 0.11 after treatment (p 0.05), and in the second group 7.12 0.11 before treatment and 7.95 0.05 after (p 0.05). The results of antenatal dopplerometry showed that in pregnant women who received Inestom as a part of the complex treatment, there was a decrease in the mean values of all vascular resistance indices. Conclusions. The use of Inestom in the complex treatment of placental insufficiency has a positive effect on the state of hemodynamics in the "mother-placenta-fetus" system, and affects the intrauterine state of the fetus.

PERIODONTAL DISEASE STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND TREATMENT NEEDS OF PREGNANT WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Thien Nguyen Duc ◽  
Tai Tran Tan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Periodontal disease is a prominent and important issue of public health, especially in pregnant women. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics; learn knowledge, attitudes, practice oral hygiene and assess the need for treatment of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 210 pregnant women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Clinical examination and interview questions on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral care for all subjects. Results: The incidence of gingivitis was 100%, with mild gingivitis of 4,3% and moderate gingivitis of 95.7%. There was a difference in incidence rates of gingivitis in the gestational period (p<0.001). The incidence of periodontitis is 17.6% and there is no difference in gestational age (p>0.05). The mean values of GI and BOP indices differed by gestation period (p<0.05) and PD, OHI-S, PlI have statistically significant relationship with gestation period (p>0.05). The incidence of periodontal disease is 80.5%; The percentage of pregnant women who abstain from brushing their teeth after birth is 61.4%. Prevalence of brushing once a day: 7.1%; Twice a day: 70.5% and 3 times daily: 22.4%; The mean values of GI, PD, BOP, OHI-S and PlI were inversely proportional to the number of brushing (p<0.001). The rate of dental hygiene is just 3.3%; The rate of oral hygiene, dental plaque and plaque removal was 94,3%; The proportion of subjects required for intensive treatment is 2.4%. Conclusion: Periodontal disease, especially for pregnant women, is high. It is necessary to educate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of proper oral hygiene and to better meet the demand for periodontal disease treatment for pregnant women. Key words: Periodontal disease, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude, practice for oral hygiene, treatment needs

PROTEIN BINDING OF CORTISOL IN HEALTH AND IN PREGNANCY

1961 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOLLIE BOOTH ◽  
P. F. DIXON ◽  
C. H. GRAY ◽  
J. M. GREENAWAY ◽  
N. J. HOLNESS
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
In Pregnancy

SUMMARY The binding of plasma cortisol to transcortin at 37° c was studied in normal men and in non-pregnant and pregnant women. The mean concentrations of transcortin were 8, 11·5 and 14 × 10−7 moles/l. and the percentages of the binding sites occupied by cortisol were 45, 24 and 40%, respectively. The mean values of the equilibrium constants were 2·9, 1·8 and 4·6 × 107 l./mole, suggesting that there might be a qualitative difference in transcortin from the three groups. The mean concentration of diffusible cortisol was 1·12 μg./100 ml. in men and 0·65 μg./100 ml. in non-pregnant and pregnant women. The significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals Specific resistance of blood and plasma in pregnant women

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
R. H. Tukshaitov ◽  
I. K. Baytiryak
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Blood Resistivity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

The mean values and limits of variability of blood and plasma resistivity were studied in 116 pregnant women. It was found that the previously proposed value of blood resistivity is significantly overestimated and distorts the value of the stroke volume.

Anaemia among non‐pregnant women: a community based study in rural area of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-201
Author(s):  
S. Maiti ◽  
Kazi Monjur Ali ◽  
Kishalay Jana ◽  
Debidas Ghosh ◽  
Shyamapada Paul
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bodymass Index ◽  
Very High

Anaemia among women is still a public health problem in developing countriesincluding India. A community based, cross Ã¢â‚¬Âsectional study was conductedamong non Ã¢â‚¬Âpregnant women to assess the prevalence of anaemia.The study group was comprised of 528 women between 20 to 49 years fromfour rural blocks located in western parts of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal.The overall mean level of haemoglobin (Hb) was 10.36±1.61 g/dl. Theresults indicated that slightly incensement of the mean values of Hb concentrationwith advancement in age except the age group of 45 Ã¢â‚¬Â49 years. Prevalenceof anaemia (Hb<11.9g/dl) was very high among the participants(79.55%). In all, 16.66% of women had mild (10 Ã¢â‚¬Â11.9g/dl), 61.93% had moderate(7 Ã¢â‚¬Â9.9g/dl) and only 0.94% had severe anaemic (<7g/dl). The highestfrequency(83.14%) of anaemia was observed among age group of 45 Ã¢â‚¬Â49 andlowest(75.94%) in the age group of 25 Ã¢â‚¬Â29 years. Results also reveals thatrural women have higher prevalence of anaemia(52.84%) with low bodymass index (BMI; <18.5kg/m 2) compared to normal or overweight women.Anaemia is a common problem among women in rural sectors of PaschimMedinipur. However, further studies are required to identify the responsiblefactors which are essential for the effective management of anaemia.

Effect of stripping thyroxin from thyroxin-binding globulin on the measurement of free thyroxin in serum by equilibrium dialysis and by radioimmunoassay

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nakagawa ◽  
K Matsumura ◽  
K Takeda ◽  
N Shinoda ◽  
A Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Dilution Factor ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Influence Measurement

Abstract In considering factors that might influence measurement of free thyroxin (T4), we evaluated the proportion (%) of T4 that could be stripped from thyroxin-binding globulin (TBG). The percentage of free T4 was measured in serially diluted sera from four normal subjects, four patients with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, four pregnant women, and four malnourished subjects with low TBG. The critical percentage of stripping was determined by the product of the percentage free T4 and the critical dilution factor (the point where the percentage free T4 began to decrease). The mean values obtained for the respective patient groups--6.38%, 2.76%, 16.73%, 9.75%, and 4.28%--were proved to be related to the rate of saturation of TBG with T4. Values for percentage stripping determined with the "GammaCoat two-step RIA" and the "LiquiSol RIA" were well within the critical percentage stripping by equilibrium dialysis, except in the case of low-TBG serum as measured by LiquiSol RIA. Free T4 concentration as measured by LiquiSol RIA decreased as sample volume decreased. These findings were ascribed to the relatively high values for percentage stripping in the LiquiSol RIA, which led to erroneously low values for free T4.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunctions and their Associated Factors in Pregnant Women in an Outpatient Prenatal Care Clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (09) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianna Azevedo Guendler ◽  
Leila Katz ◽  
Maria Eduarda Duarte Mello Flamini ◽  
Andrea Lemos ◽  
Melania Maria Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its associated factors in pregnant women. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study including 262 pregnant women aged 18 years or older with gestational age between 10 and 35 weeks. Women with urinary tract infections and conditions of gestational risk were excluded. The Pregnancy Sexual Response Inventory (PSRI) questionnaire was used. We performed a univariate descriptive analysis, and comparisons between the mean values of the sexual function domains were made using the Student t-test. The chi-squared test was used to determine the association between the independent and dependent variables. The prevalence ratios, with their respective 95% confidence intervals, were also estimated, and a multivariate analysis was performed. Results A total of 64.9% of women reported a decrease in the frequency of sexual activity during pregnancy. Slightly more than half of the women (50.8%) were satisfied, and arousal was reported as excellent/good by 30.5% of them. The frequency of sexual difficulties/dysfunctions increased with pregnancy, rising from 5.7% to 58.8%, and pain during sexual intercourse was reported by 45.8% of them. Having higher education degree decreased the chance of being sexually dissatisfied by 50%. The total PSRI score showed a significant decrease from the prepregnancy period (mean score = 89.8, “excellent”) to the pregnancy period (mean score = 59.2, “good”). Conclusion The mean sexual function score during pregnancy was classified as good, although most pregnant women reported at least one type of alteration in the sexual function domains, and the report of dissatisfaction was more frequent in women with lower schooling.

scholarly journals Haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations of pregnant women at term

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Adediran ◽  
A Gbadegesin ◽  
T A Adeyemo ◽  
A A Akinbami ◽  
A S Akanmu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background Anaemia in pregnancy is defined as haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations of less than 11 g/dL while low ferritin is defined as serum ferritin (SR) levels of less than 10 µg/L. Hb and ferritin concentrations of pregnant women at term were determined to establish their mean values and to determine the prevalence of anaemia in our locality. Methods Haemoglobin and ferritin levels of 170 non-smoking and HIV-negative pregnant women were determined at term. The majority 143 of 170 (84.1%) of the pregnant women recruited for the study, booked at the beginning of the second trimester and received 200 mg elemental iron in three divided doses and 5 mg folic acid daily which were commenced at booking. Five millilitres of blood were collected from each patient at term into EDTA bottles for full blood count analysis and another 5 mL into plain bottles for SR assay. Results The mean Hb and ferritin values were 10.9 ± 1.9 and 47.84 ± 98.39 µg/L, respectively. The prevalence of anaemia at term was 46.4%. Only 11.2% (19 of 170) of pregnant women at term had low SR (iron stores). A statistically significant relationship was found between women's education and SR ( P = 0.032). Booking status also correlated directly with SR and haemoglobin concentrations, while increasing age and parity did not. Conclusion About half of the patients were anaemic. Iron deficiency is not the major cause of anaemia in pregnancy in this study because the majority of the pregnant women had normal iron stores. Education and booking status are possible factors that contribute to anaemia.

scholarly journals Gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase as biochemical markers of severity of preeclampsia among Sudanese pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3020
Author(s):  
Salih Ezzaldein Salih Elias ◽  
Abdelgadir Eltom ◽  
Ahmed L. Osman ◽  
Asaad MA. Babker
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Background: Preeclampsia is a disorder of widespread vascular endothelial malfunction and vasospasm that occurs after 20 weeks' gestation and can present as late as 4-6 weeks post-partum. Pre-eclampsia is a syndrome with multiple aetiologies which has made it difficult to develop adequate screening tests and treatments. Objective of this study to assess the level of gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase as biochemical markers of severity of preeclampsia in Sudanese pregnant women.Methods: This is a case control hospitalize base study. The study was conducted in preeclamptic pregnant women in Omdurman maternity hospital and medical military hospital in Khartoum state. In this study glutamyl transferase and lactate de-hydrogenase was estimation in 100 Sudanese pregnant women by spectrophotometer method, 50 of them were diagnosed with preeclampsia 27 from this is severe preeclampsia and 23 is mild preeclampsia was matched in aged. Serum samples of all the cases were assayed for GGT and LDH. The data was recorded and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPS –version 16) on programmed computer. The mean standard deviations of variable were calculated for both the test group and the control group and P value for comparison was obtained.Results: The mean values of plasma gamma glutamyl transferase in mild and severe preeclamptic pregnant women were insignificant difference when compared to control P value (0.346 - 0.089) respectively. The mean values of plasma lactate dehydrogenase in mild and severe preeclamptic pregnant women were significant increase when compared to control P value (0.008 - 0.001) respectively.Conclusions: The levels of LDH is raised in Sudanese pregnant women with hypertensive also can be useful biochemical marker that reflects the severity of and the occurrence of complications of pre-eclampsia. GGT levels were normal in Sudanese pregnant women with hypertensive preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Saquinavir plus Low-Dose Ritonavir in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward P. Acosta ◽  
Arlene Bardeguez ◽  
Carmen D. Zorrilla ◽  
Russell Van Dyke ◽  
Michael D. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Nucleoside Analogs ◽  
Labor And Delivery ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy make it difficult to predict antiretroviral pharmacokinetics (PKs), but few data exist on the PKs of protease inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women. The objective of the present study was to determine the PKs of ritonavir (RTV)-enhanced saquinavir (SQV) in HIV-infected pregnant women by an area under the curve (AUC)-targeted approach. A phase I, formal PK evaluation was conducted with HIV-infected pregnant woman during gestation, during labor and delivery, and at 6 weeks postpartum. The SQV-RTV regimen was 800/100 mg twice a day (b.i.d.), and nucleoside analogs were administered concomitantly. The SQV exposure targeted was an AUC at 24 h of 10,000 ng · h/ml. Participants were evaluated for 12-h steady-state PKs at each time period. Thirteen subjects completed the PK evaluations during gestation, 7 completed the PK evaluations at labor and delivery, and 12 completed the PK evaluations postpartum. The mean baseline weight was 67.4 kg, and the median length of gestation was 23.3 weeks. All subjects achieved SQV exposures in excess of the target AUC. The SQV AUCs at 12 h (AUC12s) during gestation (29,373 ± 17,524 ng · h/ml [mean ± standard deviation]), during labor and delivery (26,189 ± 22,138 ng · h/ml), and during the postpartum period (35,376 ± 26,379 ng · h/ml) were not significantly different. The mean values of the PK parameters for RTV were lower during gestation than during the postpartum period: for AUC12, 7,811 and 13,127 ng · h/ml, respectively; for trough concentrations, 376 and 632 ng/ml, respectively; and for maximum concentrations, 1,256 and 2,252 ng/ml, respectively (P ≤ 0.05 for all comparisons). This is the first formal PK evaluation of a dual protease inhibitor regimen with HIV-infected pregnant women. The level of SQV exposure was sufficient at each time of evaluation. These data demonstrate large variability in SQV and RTV concentrations and suggest that RTV concentrations are altered by pregnancy. These PK results suggest that SQV-RTV at 800/100 mg b.i.d. appears to be a reasonable treatment option for this population.

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