CLINICAL COURSE AND CONTROL OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA INDICATORS IN OVERWEIGHT SCHOOLCHILDREN

The aim of the study - to study the clinical features and indicators for asthma control inoverweight children to optimize treatment strategies.Material and methods. 200 schoolchildren with asthma who were treated in the pulmoallergy department of the Chernivtsi Regional Children's Clinical Hospital have beenexamined. 52 patients with excess body weight (body mass index was greater than 25,0)belonged to group I, and children with body weight corresponding to the age norm (bodymass index from 18,0 to 24,9) were included into clinical group II under observation.Results. It has been found that the average number of points according to the ASTquestionnaire in patients of group I reached 14,0 ± 1,33 points, and in the comparisongroup – 16,3 ± 0,54 points (p˃0,05). At the same time, the share of patients withuncontrolled course of the disease among the overweight children reached 61,5% incomparison to 48,3% in the comparison group (p˃0,05).Indices of the risk of uncontrolled asthma (the sum of AST test scores <16) in childrenwith overweight have shown the following results: odds ratio = 1,6 (95% CI: 0,29-8,59),relative risk = 1,4 95% CI: 1,00-2,08) and attributive risk = 6,8%. Before treatment theindex of AKDNFG - 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazones (AKDNFG) of the main character in thegroup of excess body weight children was 60,8 mmol /g of protein, and in group of normalbody weight children – 59,6 ± 9 mmol /g of protein. After the course of basic therapy,these indices gave next results – 47,2 ± 4,18 mmol/g of protein in group I and 4,3 ± 0,29mmol /g of protein (p> 0,05) in group II.Conclusions. Bronchial asthma in overweight children is more likely to debut at an earlyage and characterized by a persistent course. Predisposition to the body overweight inpatients with bronchial asthma has a negative effect on the indices of the disease controlachievement, although it is accompanied by an evidence decrease of the inflammatoryprocess of the respiratory tract in the course of treatment.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND LIFESTYLE HABITS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS

The aim of this study was to verify sleep quality, as well as its determinants, among college students of a private university in Brazil. The sample consisted of 303 college students. Sleep quality was assessed by the Mini-sleep Questionnaire,and other variables included current physical activity, previous physical activity, sedentary behavior, bodymass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, and employment. We found a significant association between bad sleep quality and body mass index (p=0.001), alcohol consumption (p=0.001), smoking (p=0.005) and employment (p=0.030). However, having a job was considered a protective factor for bad sleep quality (OR=0.66 [0.40;0.98]), regardless of other factors. College students present a high prevalence of altered sleep, having as determinants alcohol consumption, smoking, overweight, and obesity. On the other hand, being employed was shown to be a protective factor for bad sleep quality.

Improving Nutrition in India

Fitness plays a crucial role in increasing the healthy lifespan of an individual and ensuring thatthey are able enough to complete physical labour effectively. Developing countries, in thisinstance India, have low median ages, which is an appropriate stage to focus on fitness. Onecritical element for succeeding in improving physique is nutrition. However, with currentstandings, India is seeing high rates of malnutrition which, in turn, is resulting in poor physicalcapability. To test whether this standing can be improved upon, a home for destitute childrenpermitted us to implement a regimented nutrition system. In this study, the shortcomings of thenutrition implemented in a sample of a rural household were first identified and then improvedupon to meet internationally agreed standards. Data collected was divided into two sets: BodyMass Index and Nutritional Composition. For the former, data corresponding to age, weight,and height - key components of calculating BMI - were collected; for the latter, the componentsof their diet from their set weekly menu were extracted and translated into averaged nutritionalvalues. With this information in hand, a misallocation in the nutritional system was identifiedand improved upon by using data published by the Indian government and other reliablesources such as UNICEF and USDA.

Physical development and blood composition correlation in adolescents

The goal of the study was to assess the correlation between height and body mass deviations measured with the aid of Z-index in teens and cell component of their peripheral blood. Materials and methods. Apical height was measured in 83 adolescent boys in the course of regular prophylactic medical examination. Z-index was calculated according to WHO Growth Reference, 2007. Cell blood composition was studied with the help of automatic hematologic analyzer. The empiric data was processed statistically using Spearmans correlation coefficient. Results. The analysis of hematologic parameters correlation with deviations of height and bodymass by Z-index has yielded relationship as follows: moderate positive correlation of Hb concentration with bodymass index Z-index, hematocrite with bodymass and height Z-index. Besides there is a mild positive correlation of Hb concentration with bodymass Z-index; RBC number with bodymass and height Z-index, MCV with bodymass and height Z-index. There is no correlation of MCH, MCHC, WBC and Plt number with bodymass and height Z-index. Conclusion. The study has demonstrated there is a correlation between RBC number, Hb concentration and height deviations in case of normochromicity. The relationship ascertained may be explained by an assumption that peculiarities of erythropoiezis correlate with body size. Lower RBC number and Hb concentration in children with smaller bodymass index may be due to general plastic deficiency in their organism. The results obtained in the present study may be used to reveal and analyze physical development and the organism morpho-functional peculiarities correlation markers.

Prognostic Factors of Success of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy 46 (ESWL) in The Treatment of Renal Stones.

Background: Renal calculi are common approximately 50% of patient between the ages of 30and 50 years. The development of endourological and extracorporeal lithotripsy techniques ledto an increasing number of options for the management of renal calculi. Objective: To define factors those have a significant impact on the success rate after extracorporealshock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for treatment of renal stones. Materials and Methods: Between April 2008 & December 2008, 64 patients with single ormultiple radiopaque renal stones (::s;30mm) were treated with ESWL monotherapy using StortzModulith SLX-F2 lithotriptor.The results of treatment were evaluated after 3 months of followupTreatment success was defined as complete clearance of the stones or presence ofclinically insignificant residual fragments (::s;4mm).The results of treatment were correlated withthe patient characteristics (age, sex, body mass index) and stone features (size, site, nature &radio density). Results: At 3-months follow-up, the overall success rate is 76%. Among them, repeated ESWLsessions are required in 19 patients (53.9%). Post-ESWL complications are recorded in 8patients (12.5%). Using the x2 test, only three factors have a significant impact on the successrate, namely: stone site, size (the largest diameter of the stone), stone number & BMI (BodyMass Index). The success rate is highest for stones located in the upper calyx (15/15; 100%)and lowest for those located in the lower calyx (10/16; 62.5%) (p=.005). Stones with a largestdiameter ot s 15mm are associated with a success rate of 90.2% (37 /41), compared to 52.2%(12/23) for those with a diameter of >15mm (p=.001). The success rate is also higher forsingle stone (46/56; 82%) than multiple stones (3/8; 37.5%) (p=0.005).Patients with lowerBMI (<24) have a better success than higher BMI (>25) (p=0.01) Conclusion: The success rate of ESWL for the treatment of renal stones can be predicted bystone size, location, number and patient BMI. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2016) Vol. 20 (2) :46-50

Levels of Physical Activity, Obesity and Related Factors in Young Adults Aged 18–30 during 2009–2017

The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal trend of physical activity and bodymass index in young adults aged 18–30 in Spain and to ascertain their relationship withsociodemographic and psychosocial variables in the period of 2009–2017. Methods: A descriptivestudy with a sample of 10,061 young adults aged 18–30 years was performed. The data wereobtained from the European Health Survey in Spain in 2009 and 2014 and the National HealthSurvey in 2011/2012 and 2017. The chi-square test was used for qualitative variables, and multiplelinear regression analysis was performed for physical activity. Results: Sedentary levels haddecreased in 2017 as compared to 2011/2012 (p < 0.001); smokers were more sedentary than nonsmokers(p < 0.001); men were more active than women (p < 0.001); and the year with the highestphysical activity was 2014. Body mass index in the total sample increased from 2009 to 2017 (p <0.01), showing a significant increase in obesity in women (p < 0.05) and no difference in men (p ≥0.05). Conclusions: In the period 2011/2012–2017, the sedentary lifestyle of young adults wasreduced and physical activity was increased, with men being more active than women.

HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN, INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN PERAWATAN WAJAH DENGAN DERAJAT KEPARAHAN ACNE VULGARIS

Acne vulgaris is one of problem skin disease for adolescents and young adults. Acne vulgaris(AV) is a chronic inflammation of pilosebasea follicles with multifactorial causes and has clinicalmanifestations such as blackheads papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. Risk factor of acne vulgaris isobesity. Obesity usually happens along with peripheral hyperandrogen and can increase sebumproduction. Facial care consists of cleaning, moisturizer and sun protector and analyzed relation withseverity of acne vulgaris. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of gender, bodymass index and facial care to severity of acne vulgaris. This study was an observational analytic withcross sectional method and the sampling was chosen by purposive sampling. The minimum sample sizewas 59 subjects. Data from this study were obtained from measurement of body mass index anddiagnostic photos in acne prone subjects. The result of statistical tests showed that there was relationshipbetween sex with the severity of acne vulgaris with (p = 0.014) and severity of acne vulgaris having anopportunity 6 times greater in males than females. Body mass index and facial care have no relation tothe severity of acne vulgaris.

RISK FACTORS FOR GALLSTONES;

Objectives: To find out the frequency of already recognized risk factor ofGallstones in population of Pakistan. Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed as cholelithiasison ultrasonography were included in the study. Data collection through interview included age,sex, marital status, parity, height and weight. On the basis of height and weight Quetelet’s bodymass index (weight in kg/height in m2) was calculated. Data collected also included Lipid profileData was analyzed by SPSS version 17 for descriptive statistics. Setting and Period: Thisstudy was done at Department of Surgery, Dow University Hospital for a period of 6 monthsfrom February to July 2015. Results: 70% of patients were above 40 years of age, 88% werefemale, and 83.3% were multiparous while only 32% had BMI above 23. Conclusion: Femalegender, fertility, middle age and flatulence are the common risk factors of gallstone formationwhile obesity is not a definite risk factor in Pakistan.

Anaemia among non‐pregnant women: a community based study in rural area of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal

Anaemia among women is still a public health problem in developing countriesincluding India. A community based, cross ‐sectional study was conductedamong non ‐pregnant women to assess the prevalence of anaemia.The study group was comprised of 528 women between 20 to 49 years fromfour rural blocks located in western parts of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal.The overall mean level of haemoglobin (Hb) was 10.36±1.61 g/dl. Theresults indicated that slightly incensement of the mean values of Hb concentrationwith advancement in age except the age group of 45 ‐49 years. Prevalenceof anaemia (Hb<11.9g/dl) was very high among the participants(79.55%). In all, 16.66% of women had mild (10 ‐11.9g/dl), 61.93% had moderate(7 ‐9.9g/dl) and only 0.94% had severe anaemic (<7g/dl). The highestfrequency(83.14%) of anaemia was observed among age group of 45 ‐49 andlowest(75.94%) in the age group of 25 ‐29 years. Results also reveals thatrural women have higher prevalence of anaemia(52.84%) with low bodymass index (BMI; <18.5kg/m 2) compared to normal or overweight women.Anaemia is a common problem among women in rural sectors of PaschimMedinipur. However, further studies are required to identify the responsiblefactors which are essential for the effective management of anaemia.