scholarly journals Clinical Study of the Influence of Implants Made of Different Metals on the Physical Status of Experimental Animals

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
E. B Gatina ◽  
I. F Akhtyamov ◽  
F. V Shakirova ◽  
Zh. K Manirambona
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Zirconium Nitrides ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Local Reactions ◽  
12X18h9t Steel ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Biocompatibility of implants made of steel 12X18H9T, steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides, and steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides was studied in rats. Implants that represented pins 8-10 mm long and 0.5 mm in diameter were inserted intramedullary into the middle third of the tibia after drilling. The ends of pins were turned down and placed under the skin. The wound was sutured tightly. Dynamics of body weight and temperature as well as the condition of the hair, eyes, oral and nasal mucosa were assessed on days 10, 30, 60 and 90 after implantation. It was shown that implants coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides caused minimum systemic and local reactions while implantation of pins coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides resulted in the development of more pronounced inflammatory changes on both the local and systemic level.

scholarly journals Clinical Study of the Influence of Implants Made of Different Metals on the Physical Status of Experimental Animals

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
E. B. Gatina ◽  
I. F. Akhtyamov ◽  
F. V. Shakirova ◽  
Zh. K. Manirambona
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Zirconium Nitrides ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Local Reactions ◽  
12X18h9t Steel ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Biocompatibility of implants made of steel 12X18H9T, steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides, and steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides was studied in rats. Implants that represented pins 8-10 mm long and 0.5 mm in diameter were inserted intramedullary into the middle third of the tibia after drilling. The ends of pins were turned down and placed under the skin. The wound was sutured tightly. Dynamics of body weight and temperature as well as the condition of the hair, eyes, oral and nasal mucosa were assessed on days 10, 30, 60 and 90 after implantation. It was shown that implants coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides caused minimum systemic and local reactions while implantation of pins coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides resulted in the development of more pronounced inflammatory changes on both the local and systemic level.

Toxic effect and oral acute LD50 study of Nerium oleander in male guineapigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
MGA Chowdhury ◽  
A Azizunnesa ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
ML Rahman ◽  
Q Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Group A

The toxic effect of Nerium oleander was studied in 36 male adult guineapigs during the period from July to December 1994. These 36 animals were divided into six equal groups (A to F), each consisting of six animals. Each animal of groups B to F was administered with a single oral dose of crude watery extract of sheath oleander @ 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight, respectively whereas animals of group A served as control. Each of the experimental animals was carefully observed and the toxic signs recorded as nausea, anorexia, dullness, depression, restlessness, abdominal pain, salivation, reluctant to move, tremor, resting of chin on the ground, respiratory distress, paralysis of the limbs, recumbency, convulsion followed by death with characteristic groaning. It may be concluded that the lowest dose 300 mg / kg body weight is non lethal to the male guineapigs and the dose of 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight caused 17%, 50%, 83% and 100% mortality, respectively and the LD50 is 540 mg / kg body weight.Key words: Nerium oleander; toxic signs; oral acute LD50; guineapigsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2562Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 159-161

Intravenous Infusion in Dogs and Primates

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Perkin ◽  
R. Stejskal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Continuous intravenous infusion allows the intended clinical dosing regime to be better evaluated during preclinical studies. Depending on the test material and vehicle, infusion for up to 6 months in primates and 12 months in beagle dogs is possible, but 28 days is the most frequent duration. Under general anesthesia, medical grade catheters are placed in the vena cava via the femoral vein, passed subcutaneously, and exteriorized between the scapulae. A jacket and tether system are used to connect the catheter to an external pump for dosing and the animals are allowed to move freely within the cages. Dosing usually commences after a 1-week recovery period. Body weight gain, food intake, and general observations indicate that the procedure does not adversely affect the normal laboratory behavior of the animals. Test article infusion periods from a few minutes up to 24 h a day, 7 days a week are used; a low infusion rate ofsaline is used for the balance of the 24-h period. Dosage volumes up to 120 ml/kg/day can be infused for 28 days and larger volumes for shorter periods. Up to three separate catheters can be inserted to allow coadministration of compounds for assessment of potential interactions. Body weight, ophthalmoscopy, blood sampling, electrocardiography, and indirect blood pressure measurement can be performed during infusion. Histopathologic common changes in all species include thrombosis, proliferation of vascular intima, and various local inflammatory changes at the infusion site in the vicinity of the catheter tip. These generally are considered to be due to physical irritation by the catheter. Secondary changes include pulmonary microemboli or thrombosis and histiocytosis in hepatic sinusoids often with erythrophago-cytosis. The main findings associated with infusion of very large volumes are reticulocytosis and increased hematopoiesis. These spontaneous findings must be distinguished from those possibly related to administration of the test material and/or vehicle.

Changes in body composition attendant on force feeding

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence Cohn ◽  
Dorothy Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Force Feeding ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Access To Food

Normal young adult male rats were either force-fed or allowed to eat ad libitum a moderate carbohydrate diet for 3–4 weeks. The force-fed animals were given either the amount of diet consumed by the animals eating ad libitum (pair-fed) or 80% of this amount (underfed). After a 2-week period of observation, we found that the rats eating ad libitum gained 65 gm of body weight, the pair-fed, force-fed 62 gm and the underfed, force-fed 40 gm. On the basis of the water, fat and protein content of the skin, viscera and carcass of control animals killed at the beginning of the feeding regimen and of similar constituents of the experimental animals after 2 weeks of feeding, the composition of the newly formed tissues of the various groups of animals consisted of the following: a) the rat with free access to food—water = 67.8%, fat = 7.8% and protein = 22.4%; b) the pair-fed, force-fed animal—water = 55.5%, fat = 23.6% and protein = 17.7%; c) the underfed, force-fed animal—water = 64.4%, fat = 7.9% and protein = 20.0%. The ratio of calories retained in newly formed tissue to the calories ingested over the 2-week period was 11.9% for the animals eating ad libitum, 20.6% for the pair-fed, force-fed animals and 9.5% for the underfed, force-fed rats. Force feeding appears to change intermediary metabolic pathways in the direction of increased ‘efficiency’ with resultant greater fat deposition.

scholarly journals Effect of the anticancer drug methotrexate on the ascites form of a teratocarcinoma and survival of mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Dyban
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Ascites Form ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect

The dose-dependent effect of a methotrexate is established as on an ascite form of a teratocarcinoma CBA9H6, and mice-recipients, however various doses of the entered methotrexate (6; 4 and 2 mkg/g body weights of an animal), at repeated introduction at an interval of 48 and 24 hours, don't destroy all population of embrioid bodies. So, at 3-fold and even 10-fold daily injections in a dose of 2 mkg/g of body weight in an abdominal cavity of mice 1,6 ± 0,2% and 0,038 ± 0,01% embrioid bodies (ascite form of a teratocarcinoma ) remain, respectively, at survival of mice 93,0 ± 8,5% and 14,0 ± 3,0%. The morphological analysis of a mode of a differentiation of embrioid bodies retransplantated from experimental animals to intact has shown earlier that the methotrexate hasn't had effect on histoblastic potentialities of stem cells of a teratocarcinoma CBA9H6.

scholarly journals Toxicity assessment of a technical product of the triazole class

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276-1279
Author(s):  
Valery N. Rakitskii ◽  
Tatiana M. Epishina ◽  
Elena G. Chkhvirkiya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Technical Product ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Introduction. Historically, pesticides are evaluated more strictly from a medical point of view than other chemicals. Since their features, such as deliberate introduction into the environment, the possibility of contact with them by large masses of the population, and the high biological activity determine their potential danger to humans. Purpose of research - study of the biological effect of a technical product derived from triazoles when it is repeatedly ingested orally in mammals (rats), establishment of inactive and active doses, justification of the permissible daily dose (DSD) for humans. Material and methods. In acute experiments, white rats were used, including 6 animals in the group. Tested dose: 500-4000 mg/kg of body weight. A chronic (12 months) experiment was performed on 80 male rats with a bodyweight of 180-190 g at the beginning of the study. Tested doses: 5.0; 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight (1 control and 3 experimental animals, 20 individuals each). In the dynamics of the experiment, we observed the condition and behavior of animals, water, and food consumption, recorded the timing of death, changes in body weight, physiological, biochemical, and hematological indices. Results. Indices of the acute oral toxicity on the studied product LD50 male rats were 2250 ± 483 mg/kg body weight. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight was not found to cause significant changes in all studied indices. The doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight had a polytropic effect on the body in experimental animals. Discussion. The studied product for the acute oral toxicity refers to low-hazard compounds, the doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight has a polytropic effect on the mammalian body, causing changes in carbohydrate, lipid, and lipoprotein metabolism in the body of rats - was accepted as acting. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight, when administered in rats, there are no changes in all the studied parameters throughout the experiment, is accepted as invalid. Based on the inactive dose-5.0 mg/kg of body weight and taking into account the reserve factor of 100, we have scientifically justified DSD for a person at the level of 0.05 mg/kg. Summary. The conducted sanitary and Toxicological studies indicate the need to assess the toxicity of new technical products to the mammalian body, to increase the reliability of the developed hygiene standards in environmental objects and food products.

scholarly journals The results of an Open, Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Assess the Reactogenicity, Safety and Immunogenicity of the Vaccine EntseVir in Children Aged 3 to 17 Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
S. M. Kharit ◽  
A. A. Ruleva ◽  
I. V. Fridman ◽  
E. P. Nacharova ◽  
L. A. Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Childhood Infections ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Local Reactions

In 2011 - 2012 years in the Institute of childhood infections followed by an open comparative randomized study of tick-borne encephalitis vaccine EntseVir («Microgen») at a dose of 0.25 ml of the two schemes, planned and emergency in children aged 3 - 17 years. As a reference drug used vaccine FSME-Immun junior production (Baxter, AG, Austria). The results of clinical studies have shown that Entsevir at a dose of 0.25 ml has a good safety profile, low reactogenicity. Mostly recorded transient local reactions such as pain at the injection site weak degree. Severe reactions and post-vaccination complications were absent. EntseVir has no immunosuppressive, immunopathological action, highly immunogenic and can be recommended for mass prophylaxis tick-borne encephalitis in children 3 - 17 years on two schemes of vaccination (planned with an interval of 60 days and emergency with an interval of 14 days).

Effect of Bitters on the Body Weight, Lipid Profile, Catalase and Lipid Peroxidation in Experimental Animals

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Alabi ◽  
R.M. Sunday ◽  
T. Olowokere ◽  
F.A. Kareem ◽  
F. Osanaiye
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Animals

scholarly journals Effect of Artificial Insemination on different production parameter in Hubbard classic broiler parent stock

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Habibullah ◽  
MA Hashem ◽  
MS Rana ◽  
MH Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Production Parameter ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
Parent Stock

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of artificial insemination (AI) on different production parameter in Hubbard Classic Broiler breeder parent stock. A total number of 300 female and 30 male Hubbard Classic broiler breeder parent stock birds were used as experimental animals and parameter recorded are: Health condition and body weight of birds, % of Production, % Hatchability,% Uniformity, grade A chicks, mortality % , hatching egg % & effect of diluents use, birth weight of day old chick (DOC). Significant variation (p<0.01) was observed in number of hatched birds, % of hatchability, production of total no of Grade A chicks, total number of damaged chicks and average chick weight. In the study, hatchability (%), production (%), growth and puberty weight (g) were significantly higher during post insemination compared to pre insemination stage, where as mortality (%) and uniformity (%) were significantly lower in case of post insemination stage. Body weight and uniformity (%) of birds either both sexes were significantly (p<0.01) different in birds at pre insemination stage compared to the birds at insemination. To be mentioned that body weight of birds was negatively correlated to the uniformity. Finally it could be concluded that AI may be better in all the parameters observed in this study than natural mating. So, AI can be practiced in Hubbard Classic broiler breeder parent stock.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 71-77, June 2015

scholarly journals Feeding Response of Tree Fodder Bhimal (Grewia optiva) on Growth Performance of Castrated Male Goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Luma Nidhi Pandey ◽  
Megh Raj Tiwari ◽  
Bishnu Bahadur KC ◽  
Niraj Baskota ◽  
Jagan Nath Banjade
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Mixture Treatment ◽  
Grewia Optiva ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

Bhimal (Grewia optiva) is a fodder tree mostly found in mid hills of mid and far western region of Nepal. Bhimal could constitutes one of the main livestock green fodders, especially for goats when fresh green fodder become limited during the winter dry season. However, the feeding value of Bhimal leaves on growth performance of castrated goats probably has not been evaluated so far. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Bhimal leaves feeding on growth performance of castrated male goats for 90 days. Altogether 16 growing castrated male goats of same breed, age and body weight were selected and equally divided into four treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 with four replications by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Four types of experimental diets were prepared having various levels (0 to 100%) of Bhimal leaves as fodder. Experimental animals of Treatment 1 were fed with seasonal fodder + 100 g concentrate mixture, Treatment 2 with 100% Bhimal fodder + 100 g concentrate mixture, Treatment 3with 75% Bhimal fodder + 25% seasonal fodder + 100 g concentrate mixture, while Treatment 4 with 50% Bhimal fodder + 50% season fodder + 100 g concentrate mixture. All diets were fed ad-lib and experimental animals had free access to drinking water. The diets offered and refusal was measured daily and weight change was observed fortnightly. The result showed that fodder intake (g/d/animal) and total dry matter intake (TDMI g/kg live weight) of goats differed significantly (P<0.01), but concentrate intake was not differed significantly (P<0.01) among treatments. The highest dry matter intake per animal /day was in Treatment 2 (52.75 g/kg live weight) followed by Treatment 4, Treatment 3 and Treatment 1 (51.7, 48.56 and 32.69 g/kg live weight, respectively).The average daily gain in body weight was observed highest in Treatment 2 (66.66 g/d) followed by Treatment 3 (31.66 g/d) and Treatment 4 (30.83 g). The growth rate was significantly (P<0.01) different among diet groups (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.01 for 60, 75 and 90 days, respectively). In case of the feed conversion ratio, Treatment 2 had best ratio (8.79:1) than Treatment 1 (14.21:1), T3 (17.03:1) and Treatment 4 (18.59:1). The present response study showed that body weight in castrated male goats can be increased significantly (P<0.05) implying that in winter season when other green forages are poorly available goat farming  can be supported by Bhimal fodder tree.Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council Vol.3 2017: 1-11

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