scholarly journals Notas em torno do cinema militante de 1960 e 1970 / Notes on the Militant Cinema of the Sixties and Seventies

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Julia Fagioli

Resumo: Neste trabalho buscamos realizar uma breve genealogia – sempre inacabada – acerca das formas como a política – especificamente sua dimensão militante e engajada – se manifesta no cinema, a partir de um recorte histórico que privilegia a produção militante e coletiva dos anos 1960 e 1970. Nesse período vários coletivos e iniciativas individuais surgiram em torno de um cinema engajado. Ao recuperar algumas dessas iniciativas, é possível retomar também as questões que elas abordavam, tais como o ato de delegar a câmera ao trabalhador, as relações entre as imagens filmadas num momento de urgência – o ponto de vista – e sua articulação na montagem, o modo de distribuição dos filmes militantes. Assim, percebemos o quanto esse momento de contestação política será também o de uma invenção formal no âmbito do cinema.Palavras-chave: cinema militante; cinema coletivo; contra-informação.Abstract: In this paper we seek to develop a genealogy – always unfinished – about the ways in which politics – specifically in its militant and engaged dimensions – manifests itself in cinema, throughout a historical frame that privileges the militant and collective production from the sixties and the seventies. During this period, several collectives and individual initiatives emerged regarding an engaged cinema. By recovering some of these initiatives it is possible to also recapture the issues that they addressed, such as the act of delegating the camera to the workers, the relations between the images made in moments of urgency – the point of view – and its assemblage in montage, the modes of distribution of the militant films. Therefore, we realize that the moment of political challenge will also be of formal invention in the scope of cinema.Keywords: militant cinema; collective cinema; counter-information.

Chelovek RU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-53
Author(s):  
Sergei Avanesov ◽  

Abstract. The article analyzes the autobiography of the famous Russian philosopher, theologian and scientist Pavel Florensky, as well as those of his texts that retain traces of memories. According to Florensky, the personal biography is based on family history and continues in children. He addresses his own biography to his children. Memories based on diary entries are designed as a memory diary, that is, as material for future memories. The past becomes actual in autobiography, turns into a kind of present. The past, from the point of view of its realization in the present, gains meaning and significance. The au-thor is active in relation to his own past, transforming it from a collection of disparate facts into a se-quence of events. A person can only see the true meaning of such events from a great distance. Therefore, the philosopher remembers not so much the circumstances of his life as the inner impressions of the en-counter with reality. The most powerful personality-forming experiences are associated with childhood. Even the moment of birth can decisively affect the character of a person and the range of his interests. The foundations of a person's worldview are laid precisely in childhood. Florensky not only writes mem-oirs about himself, but also tries to analyze the problems of time and memory. A person is immersed in time, but he is able to move into the past through memory and into the future through faith. An autobi-ography can never be written to the end because its author lives on. However, reaching the depths of life, he is able to build his path in such a way that at the end of this path he will unite with the fullness of time, with eternity.


Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Ivanov ◽  
Dobri Rusev

Significant technical progress has been made in recent years in the development of algae-based bioenergy, and much of industrial and academic R&D projects have diverged from the biofuels strategy. This report summarizes the conclusions of a recently concluded symposium analyzing the prospects for using micro- and macroalgae as a feedstock for biofuels and bioenergy. It discusses international activities for the development of bio-energy and non-energy algae bioproducts, advances in the use of macroalgae (both non-cultivated and cultivated algae). Applications for various biochemical and thermochemical uses, bio-refining capabilities for various products, as well as an in-depth review of the process from the point of view of economy and energy sustainability are also given.


Author(s):  
R. R. Palmer

In 1792, the French Revolution became a thing in itself, an uncontrollable force that might eventually spend itself but which no one could direct or guide. The governments set up in Paris in the following years all faced the problem of holding together against forces more revolutionary than themselves. This chapter distinguishes two such forces for analytical purposes. There was a popular upheaval, an upsurge from below, sans-culottisme, which occurred only in France. Second, there was the “international” revolutionary agitation, which was not international in any strict sense, but only concurrent within the boundaries of various states as then organized. From the French point of view these were the “foreign” revolutionaries or sympathizers. The most radical of the “foreign” revolutionaries were seldom more than advanced political democrats. Repeatedly, however, from 1792 to 1799, these two forces tended to converge into one force in opposition to the French government of the moment.


Upravlenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Sadeghi Elham Mir Mohammad ◽  
Ahmad Vakhshitekh

The article considers and analyses the basic principles and directions of Russian foreign policy activities during the presidency of V.V. Putin from the moment of his assumption of the post of head of state to the current presidential term. The authors determine the basic principles of Russia's foreign policy in the specified period and make the assessment to them. The study uses materials from publications of both Russian and foreign authors, experts in the field of political science, history and international relations, as well as documents regulating the foreign policy activities of the highest state authorities. The paper considers the process of forming the priorities of Russia's foreign policy both from the point of view of accumulated historical experience and continuity of the internal order, and in parallel with the processes of transformation of the entire system of international relations and the world order. The article notes the multi-vector nature of Russia's foreign policy strategy aimed at developing multilateral interstate relations, achieving peace and security in the interstate arena, actively countering modern challenges and threats to interstate security, as well as the formation of a multipolar world. The authors conclude that at present, Russia's foreign policy activity is aimed at strengthening Russia's prestige, supporting economic growth and competitiveness, ensuring security and implementing national interests. Internal political reforms contribute to strengthening the political power of the President of the Russian Federation and increasing the efficiency of foreign policy decision-making.


2012 ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Michał Mrozowicki

Michel Butor, born in 1926, one of the leaders of the French New Novel movement, has written only four novels between 1954 and 1960. The most famous of them is La Modification (Second thoughts), published in 1957. The author of the paper analyzes two other Butor’s novels: L’Emploi du temps (Passing time) – 1956, and Degrés (Degrees) – 1960. The theme of absence is crucial in both of them. In the former, the novel, presented as the diary of Jacques Revel, a young Frenchman spending a year in Bleston (a fictitious English city vaguely similar to Manchester), describes the narrator’s struggle to survive in a double – spatial and temporal – labyrinth. The first of them, formed by Bleston’s streets, squares and parks, is symbolized by the City plan. During his one year sojourn in the city, using its plan, Revel learns patiently how to move in its different districts, and in its strange labyrinth – strange because devoid any centre – that at the end stops annoying him. The other, the temporal one, symbolized by the diary itself, the labyrinth of the human memory, discovered by the narrator rather lately, somewhere in the middle of the year passed in Bleston, becomes, by contrast, more and more dense and complex, which is reflected by an increasinly complex narration used to describe the past. However, at the moment Revel is leaving the city, he is still unable to recall and to describe the events of the 29th of February 1952. This gap, this absence, symbolizes his defeat as the narrator, and, in the same time, the human memory’s limits. In Degrees temporal and spatial structures are also very important. This time round, however, the problems of the narration itself, become predominant. Considered from this point of view, the novel announces Gerard Genette’s work Narrative Discourse and his theoretical discussion of two narratological categories: narrative voice and narrative mode. Having transgressed his narrative competences, Pierre Vernier, the narrator of the first and the second parts of the novel, who, taking as a starting point, a complete account of one hour at school, tries to describe the whole world and various aspects of the human civilization for the benefit of his nephew, Pierre Eller, must fail and disappear, as the narrator, from the third part, which is narrated by another narrator, less audacious and more credible.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Lidia Peneva

Crimes against marriage and family are a particular group of social relation­ships that the law has defended properly in view of the high public significance and value they enjoy. At the moment they are regulated in Chapter VI, Section I, of the specific part of the Penal Code the Repub­lic of Bulgaria. The subject matter of this Statement will, however, be the legisla­tive provisions concerning these criminal­ized acts in retrospect. The purpose of the study is to show by historical method and through the comparatively legal method the development of these criminal groups during the periods of various criminal laws in Bulgaria. This will also provide a basis for reflection on possible de lege ferenda proposals. This report from a structural point of view will be divided into three distinct points, marking each of the penal laws in the Republic of Bulgaria, which were in force before 1968.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Janet van Niekerk ◽  
Haakon Bakka ◽  
Håvard Rue

The methodological advancements made in the field of joint models are numerous. None the less, the case of competing risks joint models has largely been neglected, especially from a practitioner's point of view. In the relevant works on competing risks joint models, the assumptions of a Gaussian linear longitudinal series and proportional cause-specific hazard functions, amongst others, have remained unchallenged. In this article, we provide a framework based on R-INLA to apply competing risks joint models in a unifying way such that non-Gaussian longitudinal data, spatial structures, times-dependent splines and various latent association structures, to mention a few, are all embraced in our approach. Our motivation stems from the SANAD trial which exhibits non-linear longitudinal trajectories and competing risks for failure of treatment. We also present a discrete competing risks joint model for longitudinal count data as well as a spatial competing risks joint model as specific examples.


2007 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Pašalić ◽  
P.B. Jovanić ◽  
B. Bugarski

There are many developed strategies for evaluating emulsion stability, aimed at determining the life circle of emulsions. Most of them are based on rheological properties of emulsions. There are, however, very few based on direct emulsion observations. In this paper we present a developed method for the emulsion stability evaluation by direct observation of optical emulsion properties. We propose the fractal dimension approach as a stability quantification measure. The method is based on the measure of emulsion transmittance properties, which are directly dependent on the emulsion stability at the moment of measurement. The oil in water emulsion was used as a test emulsion. The system is classified as stable emulsion and our intention was to find the moment when it starts to break. Emulsion transmittance properties were measure applying a system for acquisition of visual information, which is based on a CCD camera and a fast PC configuration equipped with the capturing software. The acquired sets of visual information were analyzed by the OZARIA software package. The fractal dimensions were determined by the box counting method. For these experiments, 100 boxes of different sizes were used. Experimental emulsions were measured after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days from the moment of creation. A slight increase in fractal dimensions was observed, which indicates that the emulsions are still in the stable region, or from the fractal point of view emulsion are still regular and no significant irregularities were observed. From the first experiments the applied methodology proved to be sensitive enough to be used for emulsions stability evaluation.


2021 ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Necmiye Merve Sahin ◽  
◽  
◽  
Merve Sena Uz

In this article, an algorithm has been introduced that enables judges to see the decisions that should be made in a way that is closest to the conscience and the law, without transferring the cases to the higher authorities, without anyone objecting to their decisions. This algorithm has been introduced depending on the generalized set-valued neutrosophic quadruple numbers and the Euclidean similarity measure in sets, what the decision is made by considering all the situations, regardless of which case the defendants come before the judge, how similar these decisions are to the legal decisions that should be made. In this way, we can easily see the decisions given to the accused in all kinds of cases, and we can arrange the decisions according to the similarity value. The closer the similarity value is to 1, the more correct the judge's decision from a legal point of view.


1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
R. Luria

The author aims to highlight the "peptic ulcer" (Die Magengeschwrkrankheit), its pathology and therapy from the point of view of a therapist. As you know, in addition to very detailed chapters in large manuals, many separate monographs are devoted to this issue (I will name only Yarotsky, Enriquez et Durand, Ruhman, Balint, F. Ramond, Tagepa from recent works), but the enormous practical interest presented by the doctrine of peptic ulcer makes it useful to cover the issue again; especially interesting are the observations made in a country where living conditions are somewhat different than: in central Europe, in Sweden


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