scholarly journals Mapear os significados contestados da identidade nacional angolana através da literatura pós-colonial

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Carolina Barros Tavares Peixoto

Resumo: O romance histórico Yaka, de Pepetela, narra o último século de administração portuguesa em Angola e as múltiplas resistências das populações nativas à ocupação colonial até a conquista da independência. Na construção da nação angolana, o pano de fundo do romance, uma narrativa sutil surge nas entrelinhas. Esse espaço liminar de representação articula as dificuldades de definição do que se tornaria representativo de uma ideia, ou um ideal, de “angolanidade” que foi construída concomitantemente à projeção da nação. A complexidade do enquadramento político e cultural que definiria a identidade nacional angolana decorre das experiências da história colonial, que, mais do que (re)inventar as fronteiras do que viria a ser a geografia política do país em busca da independência, teve um papel fundamental na definição do que constituiria o povo angolano – seja colocando juntos diferentes povos que originalmente habitaram esse vasto território, ou pelo assentamento de uma quantidade significativa de colonizadores brancos nos espaços conquistados. Depois de tantos anos de histórias e memórias compartilhadas entre colonizadores e colonizados, que características seriam consideradas como fontes legítimas de pertencimento nacional? Que fronteiras demarcaram a “angolanidade” funcionando como base para a construção da identidade nacional angolana? Quem teria direito à cidadania após o processo de independência? Estas questões orientaram o presente estudo de caso, que, ao ler Yaka como um romance histórico constitutivo das narrativas angolanas de pertencimento elaboradas já em uma conjuntura pós-colonial, reflete sobre os processos de exclusão/inclusão da população não negra na construção de uma ideia ou ideal de “angolanidade”.Palavras-chave: Pepetela; angolanidade; pertencimento; identidade nacional.Abstract: Pepetela's historical novel Yaka narrates the last century of Portuguese colonial presence in Angola and the multiple forms of resistance of native populations to colonial occupation until the conquest of independence. In the construction of the Angolan nation, the background of the novel, a subtle narrative appears between the lines. This liminal space of representation articulates the difficulties of defining what would become representative of an idea or an ideal of “Angolanity” that was constructed concomitantly with the projection of the Nation. The complexity of the political and cultural framework that would define Angolan national identity stems from the experiences of colonial history, which, more than (re)inventing the borders of what would become Angolan political geography, played a fundamental role in defining what would constitute the Angolan people – by putting together different peoples who originally inhabited this vast territory, or by the settlement of a significant population of white settlers in the conquered spaces. After so many years of stories and memories shared between colonizers and colonized, what characteristics would be considered as legitimate sources of national belonging? What frontiers demarcated the “Angolanity”, functioning as a basis for the construction of Angolan national identity? Who would have the right to citizenship after the independence process? These questions guided the present case study which, reading Yaka as a historical novel constitutive of the Angolan narratives of belonging elaborated in a postcolonial conjuncture, reflects on the processes of exclusion/inclusion of the non-black population in the construction of an idea or ideal of “Angolanity”.Keywords: Pepetela; angolanity; belonging; national identity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Oifoghe ◽  
Nora Alarcon ◽  
Lucrecia Grigoletto

Abstract Hydrocarbons are bypassed in known fields. This is due to reservoir heterogeneities, complex lithology, and limitations of existing technology. This paper seeks to identify the scenarios of bypassed hydrocarbons, and to highlight how advances in reservoir characterization techniques have improved assessment of bypassed hydrocarbons. The present case study is an evaluation well drilled on the continental shelf, off the West African Coastline. The targeted thin-bedded reservoir sands are of Cenomanian age. Some technologies for assessing bypassed hydrocarbon include Gamma Ray Spectralog and Thin Bed Analysis. NMR is important for accurate reservoir characterization of thinly bedded reservoirs. The measured NMR porosity was 15pu, which is 42% of the actual porosity. Using the measured values gave a permeability of 5.3mD as against the actual permeability of 234mD. The novel model presented in this paper increased the porosity by 58% and the permeability by 4315%.


2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehn Gilmore

This essay suggests that conservation debates occasioned by the democratization of the nineteenth-century museum had an important impact on William Makepeace Thackeray’s reimagination of the historical novel. Both the museum and the historical novel had traditionally made it their mission to present the past to an ever-widening public, and thus necessarily to preserve it. But in the middle of the nineteenth century, the museum and the novel also shared the experience of seeming to endanger precisely what they sought to protect, and as they tried to choose how aggressive to be in their conserving measures, they had to deliberate about the costs and benefits of going after the full reconstruction (the novel) or restoration (the museum) of what once had been. The first part of this essay shows how people fretted about the relation of conservation, destruction, and national identity at the museum, in The Times and in special Parliamentary sessions alike; the second part of the essay traces how Thackeray drew on the resulting debates in novels including The Newcomes (1853–55) and The History of Henry Esmond (1852), as he looked for a way to revivify the historical novel after it had gone out of fashion. He invoked broken statues and badly restored pictures as he navigated his own worries that he might be doing history all wrong, and damaging its shape in the process.


Author(s):  
Ina Ferris

Walter Scott’s historical novel achieved unprecedented success, and almost single-handedly propelled the novel as a genre into the literary field. A potent synthesis of history, romance, theory, and antiquarianism, the Waverley Novels rewrote contemporary modes of historical and national romance through a thematic of the heterogeneity of historical time. They answered to a new historical sensibility in a post-Revolutionary era of expanding readership; helped to forge a new British national identity; and were instrumental in reconfiguring literary culture for their time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2637-2640
Author(s):  
Dhanya M ◽  
N. Madhuri Devi ◽  
Sreelekha M. P.

The ankle joint is the most common site for a ligament injury in the body. Some ankle joint injuries are minor and heal with some rest from activities, but some are serious and require immediate medical attention. An ankle sprain refers to ligament injuries of the ankle. In classics, there is no direct reference regarding sprain and its manage- ment. In Susrutha Samhitha Chikitsa Sthana 3rdchapter, Bhagna Chikitsitham, Acharya Susruta has mentioned the application of Manjishtadi Lepa for traumatic joint injuries. In the present case study, a 22 years old male pa- tient visited the OPD with severe pain and swelling of the right ankle following a twisting injury of the foot. He was diagnosed with a grade 1 ankle sprain and was bandaged with Manjishtadi Lepa. Management with Man- jishtadi Lepa has shown significant relief in pain and swelling as well as in the restoration of normal movements. Keywords: Ankle sprain, Manjishtadi Lepa


2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tomczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Ostrowska

Abstract Modern anthropological research includes very sophisticated diagnostic methods. They allow us to obtain information that has not been available so far. The aim of this paper is to analyze, using current microscopic technologies, the Mesolithic dental material of one adult individual from Woźna Wieś (Poland). The present case study will focus on the analysis of enamel hypoplasia. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to count the number of perikymata building on the hypoplastic line. Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) was diagnosed only on the right mandibular canine. The time of occurrence of environmental disturbance was estimated between about 4.2 and 4.9 years of age. The occlusal wall built the enamel hypoplasia with no more than three to four perikymata, meaning that the physiological stress had to have occurred over a fairly short period of time (about 30-40 days).


Author(s):  
Irfan Rusli Sadek ◽  
Juraid Abdul Latief ◽  
Nawawi Natsir ◽  
Daswati Daswati

The policy development mechanism for the national identity number -based electronic ID card software is described in this report. In this analysis, a qualitative procedure was used in conjunction with a case study technique. The total number of informants was 19. Employees from the government who work on the national identity number -based electronic identification card software make up this group. The culture is often used as a source of information in this report. The findings of the study indicate that; Every organ and implementor personnel at every level in every Pasangkayu sub-district office understands and implements national Identity Number -based electronic identification card policy requirements and goals, namely: first, citizens with a identification card condition have the right to get a electronic identification card, which the government is required to promote. Second, get closer to the position where the community resides, in this case the office respective districts, such that the community is not inconvenienced and burdened, must go to the Disdukcapil office in the district capital. Third, since these programs are provided free of charge or at no expense to government, this approach would not impose an economic burden. Fourth, this proposal has little effect on the district's spending schedule. As a result, success policy is essentially an evaluation of how well expectations and policy priorities have been met. As a result, the policy's standards and objectives must be practical and specifically targeted, and any implementation entity (implementor) must be aware of the policy's standards and objectives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Michelle Lu

In 1957, the Kuomintang (KMT), Chiang Kai-Shek’s nationalist government, planned and built Zhong Xing New Village (ZXNV), a garden city, to house the Taiwan Provincial Government. Despite the benefits of public housing, healthcare, and education, ZXNV experienced a two-third drop in population after 1985. The political liberalization and democratization of Taiwan in the 1980s and 1990s led to the reclamation of Taiwanese national identity that rejected the hegemony of the KMT and the physical manifestations of this colonial history, including ZXNV. ZXNV was a utopian ideal constructed during a time of authoritarian rule for a specific political purpose and homogenous population. ZXNV’s inability to change its purpose and identity led to its ultimate depopulation. Ethnographic fieldwork reveals the changes in ZXNV’s built environment and neighborhood culture influenced by socio-political transformations over the last sixty years. Fourteen interviews were conducted with two generations of ZXNV residents, and archival research reveals the intended design and policies of the city. Key findings include the structural flaws in the city’s design, the exposure of political tensions between the national and provincial governments, and the changing national identity of Taiwan due to globalization, all of which led to the ultimate downfall of Zhong Xing New Village.


TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽  
LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.


This research article focuses on the theme of violence and its representation by the characters of the novel “This Savage Song” by Victoria Schwab. How violence is transmitted through genes to next generations and to what extent socio- psycho factors are involved in it, has also been discussed. Similarly, in what manner violent events and deeds by the parents affect the psychology of children and how it inculcates aggressive behaviour in their minds has been studied. What role is played by the parents in grooming the personality of children and ultimately their decisions to choose the right or wrong way has been argued. In the light of the theory of Judith Harris, this research paper highlights all the phenomena involved: How the social hierarchy controls the behaviour. In addition, the aggressive approach of the people in their lives has been analyzed in the light of the study of second theorist Thomas W Blume. As the novel is a unique representation of supernatural characters, the monsters, which are the products of some cruel deeds, this research paper brings out different dimensions of human sufferings with respect to these supernatural beings. Moreover, the researcher also discusses that, in what manner the curse of violence creates an inevitable vicious cycle of cruel monsters that makes the life of the characters turbulent and miserable.


2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
Naoise Murphy

Feminist critics have celebrated Kate O'Brien's pioneering approach to gender and sexuality, yet there has been little exploration of her innovations of the coming-of-age narrative. Creating a modern Irish reworking of the Bildungsroman, O'Brien's heroines represent an idealized model of female identity-formation which stands in sharp contrast to the nationalist state's vision of Irish womanhood. Using Franco Moretti's theory of the Bildungsroman, a framing of the genre as a thoroughly ‘modern’ form of the novel, this article applies a critical Marxist lens to O'Brien's output. This reading brings to light the ways in which the limitations of the Bildungsroman work to constrain O'Brien's subversive politics. Their middle-class status remains an integral part of the identity of her heroines, informing the forms of liberation they seek. Fundamentally, O'Brien's idealization of aristocratic culture, elitist exceptionalism and ‘detachment of spirit’ restricts the emancipatory potential of her vision of Irish womanhood.


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