scholarly journals Public health budget in Paraguay. Impact on basic health indicators. Period 2017-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (53) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Justo Manuel Camacho Guerreros
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
Basic Health

Managing the effectiveness of the regional health system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-720
Author(s):  
E.V. Lobkova ◽  
A.S. Petrichenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Luenberger Observer ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Public Health Indicators

Subject. This article studies the mechanism of State health regulation and methods of management of efficiency of regional healthcare institutions. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the territorial health system in the context of the urgent need to optimize budget expenditures and address public health problems, as well as develop directions to improve the effectiveness of the regional health system of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Methods. For the study, we used the method of index numbers and calculation of dynamics indicators using official statistics data. Results. We have developed and now present a system of indicators of regional health efficiency assessment, focused mainly on public health indicators and quality of medical services. We also offer our own version of the Luenberger observer modification adapted to the objectives of the regional health system analysis. Conclusions and Relevance. The article concludes that it is necessary to optimize the regional health system using the parameters of medical and social efficiency of the system. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional health system can be used as a mechanism to develop recommendations for the management of the network of medical and prophylactic institutions of the region.

Understanding Economic and Health Factors Impacting the Spread of COVID-19 Disease (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Farseev ◽  
Yu-Yi Chu-Farseeva ◽  
Yang Qi ◽  
Daron Benjamin Loo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Country Clusters

UNSTRUCTURED The rapid spread of the Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) had drastically impacted life all over the world. While some economies are actively recovering from this pestilence, others are experiencing fast and consistent disease spread, compelling governments to impose social distancing measures that have put a halt on routines, especially in densely-populated areas. Aiming at bringing more light on key economic and public health factors affecting the disease spread, this initial study utilizes a quantitative statistical analysis based on the most recent publicly-available COVID-19 datasets. The study had shown and explained multiple significant relationships between the COVID-19 data and other country-level statistics. We have also identified and statistically profiled four major country-level clusters with relation to different aspects of COVID-19 development and country-level economic and health indicators. Specifically, this study has identified potential COVID-19 under-reporting traits as well as various economic factors that impact COVID-19 Diagnosis, Reporting, and Treatment. Based on the country clusters, we have also described the four disease development scenarios, which are tightly knit to country-level economic and public health factors. Finally, we have highlighted the potential limitation of reporting and measuring COVID-19 and provided recommendations on further in-depth quantitative research.

Funding models and expenditures with primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vivas ◽  
M Duarte ◽  
A Pitta ◽  
B Christovam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government investments in quality primary healthcare are the basis to strengthening the health systems and monitoring the public expenditure in this area is a way to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the public health policies. The Brazil Ministry of Health changed, in 2017, the method of onlending federal resources to states and cities seeking to make the public funds management more flexible. This change, however, suppressed mandatory investments in primary healthcare. This research aims to determine the difference of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area before and after this funding reform, seeking to verify how it can impact the quality of primary healthcare services and programs. Methods This is an ecological time-series study that used data obtained in the Brazil Ministry of Health budget reports. The median and interquartile range of expenditures on primary healthcare (set as the percentage of total public health budget applied in primary care services and programs) of the 13 cities in the Salvador metropolitan area were compared two years before and after the reform. Results The median of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area was 25.5% (13,9% - 32,2%) of total public health budget before and 24.8% (20.8% - 30.0%) of total public health budget after the reform (-0.7% difference). Seven cities decreased the expenditures on primary healthcare after the reform, ranging from 1.2% to 10.8% reduction in the primary healthcare budget in five years. Conclusions Expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area decreased after the 2017 funding reform. Seven of 13 cities reduced the government investments on primary healthcare services and programs in this scenario. Although the overall difference was -0.7%, the budget cuts ranged from 1.2% to 10.8% in the analyzed period and sample. More studies should assess these events in wide areas and with long time ranges. Key messages Public health funding models can impact the primary healthcare settings regardless of the health policy. Reforms in the funding models should consider the possible benefits before implementation. Funding models and methods that require mandatory investments in primary healthcare may be considered over more flexible ones.

Epidemiological surveillance and performance assessment: the two roles of health indicators during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-203
Author(s):  
Nathan Genicot
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Massive Development

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to the massive development and use of health indicators. Drawing on the history of international public health and of the management of infectious disease, this paper attempts to show that the normative power acquired by metrics during the pandemic can be understood in light of two rationales: epidemiological surveillance and performance assessment. On the one hand, indicators are established to evaluate and rank countries’ responses to the outbreak; on the other, the evolution of indicators has a direct influence on the content of public health policies. Although quantitative data are an absolute necessity for coping with such disasters, it is critical to bear in mind the inherent partiality and precarity of the information provided by health indicators. Given the growing importance of normative quantitative devices during the pandemic, and assuming that their influence is unlikely to decrease in the future, they call for close scrutiny.

Reducing the public health budget

1933 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
George Folger Canfield ◽  
Matthias Nicoll ◽  
Kendall Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Toward an integrated system of climate change and human health indicators: a conceptual framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Y. Liu ◽  
Juli M. Trtanj ◽  
Erin K. Lipp ◽  
John M. Balbus
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Science And Policy

AbstractEnvironmental health indicators are helpful for tracking and communicating complex health trends, informing science and policy decisions, and evaluating public health actions. When provided on a national scale, they can help inform the general public, policymakers, and public health professionals about important trends in exposures and how well public health systems are preventing those exposures from causing adverse health outcomes. There is a growing need to understand national trends in exposures and health outcomes associated with climate change and the effectiveness of climate adaptation strategies for health. To date, most indicators for health implications of climate change have been designed as independent, individual metrics. This approach fails to take into account how exposure-outcome pathways for climate-attributable health outcomes involve multiple, interconnected components. We propose reframing climate change and health indicators as a linked system of indicators, which can be described as follows: upstream climate drivers affect environmental states, which then determine human exposures, which ultimately lead to health outcomes; these climate-related risks are modified by population vulnerabilities and adaptation strategies. We apply this new conceptual framework to three illustrative climate-sensitive health outcomes and associated exposure-outcome pathways: pollen allergies and asthma, West Nile virus infection, and vibriosis.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF BASIC HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC (Study of Implementation of Basic Health Services in West Java Province)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Tati Sarihati ◽  
Pandji Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
West Java ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Health Nursing

Facing the Covid 19 pandemic, Indonesia is faced with the quality of essential health services that are still not optimal in various provinces. The main problems of vital health services that have emerged in West Java Province include the number and infrastructure of public health centers, the affordability of services and types of services such as maternal and child health, immunization, nutrition, environmental health and coverage of public health nursing performance. service quality variable, the theoretical approach of Fitzsimmons & Fitzimmons (2011) is used with Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy factors. The research method used is an informative survey approach by collecting data from library analysis sources and field experiments, including questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The sampling method used is Plain Random Sampling. The selected sample (n) was 92 people. The data analysis methodology used is route analysis. The results of the study reveal the positive and significant impact of policy implementation on the effectiveness of the quality of critical health services. In addition, it was also found that communication effectiveness variables that affect the quality of essential health services in West Java Province are also found

scholarly journals The cumulation of ill health and low agency in socially excluded city dwellers in the Netherlands: how to better identify high-risk/high-need population segments with public health survey data

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Addi P. L. van Bergen ◽  
Annelies van Loon ◽  
Stella J. M. Hoff ◽  
Judith R. L. M. Wolf ◽  
Albert M. van Hemert
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Labour Market Position

Abstract Background Population segmentation and risk stratification are important strategies for allocating resources in public health, health care and social care. Social exclusion, which is defined as the cumulation of disadvantages in social, economic, cultural and political domains, is associated with an increased risk of health problems, low agency, and as a consequence, a higher need for health and social care. The aim of this study is to test social exclusion against traditional social stratifiers to identify high-risk/high-need population segments. Methods We used data from 33,285 adults from the 2016 Public Health Monitor of four major cities in the Netherlands. To identify at-risk populations for cardiovascular risk, cancer, low self-rated health, anxiety and depression symptoms, and low personal control, we compared relative risks (RR) and population attributable fractions (PAF) for social exclusion, which was measured with the Social Exclusion Index for Health Surveys (SEI-HS), and four traditional social stratifiers, namely, education, income, labour market position and migration background. Results The analyses showed significant associations of social exclusion with all the health indicators and personal control. Particular strong RRs were found for anxiety and depression symptoms (7.95) and low personal control (6.36), with corresponding PAFs of 42 and 35%, respectively. Social exclusion was significantly better at identifying population segments with high anxiety and depression symptoms and low personal control than were the four traditional stratifiers, while the two approaches were similar at identifying other health problems. The combination of social exclusion with a low labour market position (19.5% of the adult population) captured 67% of the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and 60% of the prevalence of low personal control, as well as substantial proportions of the other health indicators. Conclusions This study shows that the SEI-HS is a powerful tool for identifying high-risk/high-need population segments in which not only ill health is concentrated, as is the case with traditional social stratifiers, but also a high prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and low personal control are present, in addition to an accumulation of social problems. These findings have implications for health care practice, public health and social interventions in large cities.

The Reality of Accessibility in the Public Health Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 691-719
Author(s):  
Guillermo López Cala ◽  
Yolanda María de la Fuente Robles ◽  
Rosa María Fernández Alcalá
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Information And Communication

This chapter deals with accessibility, a relevant and important concept for every citizen in the improvement of their quality of life in any environment or daily situation. Specifically, an empirical study about accessibility in the public health centers of a Basic Health Area (BHA) of Jaén is carried out. From this study, accessibility deficiencies in health buildings are revealed, and explicit proposals are provided with the aim of improving accessibility in different scopes such as information and communications. The improvement plans based on the use of Technology, Information, and Communication (TIC) tools help sensory disabled users that attend to the Health Center.

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