scholarly journals The impact of plant density on the seed yield and the spring field pea’s yield component

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Goran Krizmanić ◽  
Tihomir Čupić ◽  
Snežana V. Jovanović ◽  
Monika Marković ◽  
Andrija Brkić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Impact

The spring field pea is one of the most important coarse legumes. This study was carried out to investigate the response of a spring field pea variety to three plant densities (50, 100, and 150 plant m-2) during the 2017 and 2019 growing seasons in eastern Croatia. The field study was set up as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in four replications. The results have demonstrated a significant effect of the plant densities and the growing seasons on the seed yield and on the following yield components: plant height and the number of pods/plant. The effect of plant densities on the number of seeds/pod and the thousand-seed weight was not significant. As for a growing season, the highest seed yield, plant height, the number of pods/plant were obtained in the second growing season. Furthermore, a maximum seed yield was recorded at the 150-plant m-2 plant density. This study has demonstrated that planting the spring field pea at different plant densities significantly modifies the spring field pea yield, plant height and number of pods/plant.

Canola seed yield and phenological responses to plant density

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Yantai ◽  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
H. Randy Kutcher ◽  
Robert H. Gulden ◽  
Byron Irvine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities

Optimal plant density is required to improve plant phenological traits and maximize seed yield in field crops. In this study, we determined the effect of plant density on duration of flowering, post-flowering phase, and seed yield of canola in diverse environments. The field study was conducted at 16 site-years across the major canola growing area of western Canada from 2010 to 2012. The cultivar InVigor® 5440, a glufosinate-resistant hybrid, was grown at five plant densities (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 plants m−2) in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Canola seed yield had a linear relationship with plant density at 8 of the 16 site-years, a quadratic relationship at 4 site-years, and there was no correlation between the two variables in the remaining 4 site-years. At site-years with low to medium productivity, canola seed yield increased by 10.2 to 14.7 kg ha−1 for every additional plant per square metre. Averaged across the 16 diverse environments, canola plants spent an average of 22% of their life cycle flowering and another 27% of the time filling seed post-flowering. Canola seed yield had a negative association with duration of flowering and a positive association with the days post-flowering but was not associated with number of days to maturity. The post-flowering period was 12.7, 14.7, and 12.6 d (or 55, 68, and 58%) longer in high-yield experiments than in low-yield experiments in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. We conclude that optimization of plant density for canola seed yield varies with environment and that a longer post-flowering period is critical for increasing canola yield in western Canada.

GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY IN HUNGARIAN VETCH (VICIA PANNONICA CRANTZ) LINES

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Orak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

This research was carried out in the Experimental Field of Tekirda đ Agricultural Faculty. Two common vetch varieties and 5 lines were sown with 150 seeds/m 2 plant density according to a randomised block design. Some important yield related characters such as plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod width, pod length, 1000 seed weight, fodder and seed yield were examined. The results of variance analysis showed that the effects of genotype, year and their interaction on number of branches and number of pods per plant were all significant. In addition, the effect of year and variety on plant height and seed yield were found to be significant. Moreover, the number of seeds per pod, pod width and pod length were found to be significant in variety and year × variety interaction. There was only a difference between years for 1000 seed weight and fodder yield. According to the results, genotype 283 and Tokat had similar performance to that of commercial cultivars (Ürem, Kubilay). Especially the fodder and seed yield of genotype 283 were found to be higher than those of the cultivars (Ürem, Kubilay).

scholarly journals Safflower grown in different sowing dates and plant densities

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2145-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Antonio Bellé ◽  
Edileusa Kersting da Rocha ◽  
Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes ◽  
Mauricio Neuhaus ◽  
Natalia Teixeira Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Total Plant

The objectives of this study were to test the effects of different plant densities on stem characteristics in two growing seasons: Fall/Winter and Spring/Summer. The plant densities evaluated were 48, 64, 80, 96, 112 and 128plants m-2. The Fall/Winter growing season was from 04/04/2008 to 23/08/2008 and the Spring/Summer growing season was from 03/10/2008 to 23/12/2008. Total and partial plant height did not differ among plant densities in the Fall/Winter growing season. However, in the Spring/Summer growing season total plant height had a quadratic response to increase in plant population whereas the partial height did not vary. In the Fall/Winter cultivation, plants presented larger stems and branches diameter, branches length and total number of nodes main stem and branches diameters, number and length of branches, fresh and dry mass decreased as density increased in the two growing seasons. The capitulum's diameter decreased as density increased in the Fall/Winter growing season, but at the Spring/Summer growing season it decreased in the density from 48 to 96plants m-2 and increased in the density from 112 a 128plants m-2.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Planting Densities on Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) Yield and Yield Components in Mardin Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-567
Author(s):  
E. Zelal DÜZGÜN ◽  
Necat TOĞAY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Biological Yield

In this study, the effects of four different sowing densities (200, 250, 300 and 350 seed m-2) on the yield and yield components for two winter lentil cultivars (Şakar and Fırat-87) in Mardin conditions. The study was laid out in a factorial randomised block design with three replicates at the fields of Mardin Artuklu University, Kızıltepe Vocational High School in 2012-2013 growing season. In the study were investigated the effect of planting densities on the plant height, first pod height, numbers of branche, numbers of pod per plant and numbers of seed per plant, numbers of seed per pod, seed yield per unit area, harvest index, biological yield and 1000 seed weight. While the highest seed yield per area was obtained from second plant density and Şakar variety with 275.23 kg da-1, the lowest seed yield per area was obtained from first plant density and Fırat-87 variety with 208.83 kg da-1.

scholarly journals Safflower genotype by plant density on yield and phenological characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (s1) ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
O.G. Moatshe ◽  
V.E. Emongor ◽  
T.V. Balole ◽  
S.O. Tshwenyane
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Densities

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a temperate plant grown in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, and is the most drought tolerant oilseed crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of genotype and plant density on growth, phenology and yield of safflower. Treatments included five safflower genotypes and six plant densities laid out in a randomised block design. Increasing plant density from 62,500 to 100,000 plants ha-1 significantly (P < 0.05) increased leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), total leaf chlorophyll content (Tchl) and net assimilation rate (NAR) at all phenological stages in both winter and summer. For all genotypes, the highest LAI, LAD, Tchl, NAR, total dry matter accumulation (TDM) and seed yield resulted at a plant density of 100,000 plants ha-1. Maximum LAI, LAD, NAR and Tchl were observed at 50% flowering, compared to other phenological stages in all genotypes and plant densities. In general, genotype ‘Sina’ at 100,000 plants ha-1 significantly (P < 0.05) had the highest LAI, LAD, Tchl, TDM and seed yield compared to other genotypes and plant densities in both summer and winter.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Fertilization Level of Zinc Sulphate and Plant Density on the Breakage Susceptibility of Triticale Seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shahbazi ◽  
R. Sharafi ◽  
F. Biranvand ◽  
N.Z. Tolabi
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Constant Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Fertilization Level ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In order to determine the effects of different fertilization level of zinc sulphate and plant density on the breakage susceptibility of triticale seeds an experiment was conducted during 2011 growing season, at the experimental research station of Lorestan University, Iran. A factorial experiment was conducted with 3×3 treatments and three replications in a completely randomized block design (CRBD). Factors included three plant densities (200, 300 and 400 plants/m2) and three levels of zinc sulphate (0 - control, 40 and 60 kg/ha). The harvested seeds were then subjected to impact energies of 0.05 and 0.1 J at constant moisture content of 15% using an impact test apparatus. The analysis of variance showed that fertilization level of zinc sulphate (at the 1% probability level), plant density (at the 5% level) and interaction between two variables (at the 5% level) significantly influenced breakage susceptibility of triticale seeds. The average values of percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 32.592 to 16.9268% as the fertilization level of zinc sulphate increased from 0 to 60kg/ha. As the plant density increased from 200 to 400 plants/m2 the percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 27.942 to 21.350%. Increasing the impact energy from 0.05 to 0.1 J caused an increase in the percentage breakage of seeds from 14.07 to 36.9%.

The effect of varying plant population density on the seed yield of Navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)in south-east Enland

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Scarisbrick ◽  
J. M. Wilkes ◽  
R. Kempson
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
Plant Population Density

SUMMARYNavy beans were precision drilled in 1973–5 at a range of plant population densities. Within each growing season the density treatments did not influence seed yield, but mean yields differed significantly between years. The results suggest that cultivars similar to Purley King can only be regarded as a reliable break crop in a season such as 1973 which was slightly warmer and drier in mid-summer than average. Although the rate of drying increased with increasing plant density in two of the growing seasons, no practical advantages are proposed.

scholarly journals Sowing terms as a way to increase yield of soybean varieties with different vegetation period

1970 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
V.H. Moldovan ◽  
Zh.A. Moldovan ◽  
S.I. Sobchuk
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Individual Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Sowing

Purpose. To study of the influence of sowing terms on plant growth and development, formation of indicators of individual productivity and seed yield by soybean varieties with different vegetation period in conditions of the western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field experiment, calculation and weight, mathematical statistics. Results. Weather conditions in the years of the research were characterized by high average daily temperatures against the background of uneven distribution of precipitation by phases of soybean development, which together with the studied factor had a significant impact on the growth and development of soybean plants and seed yield formation. It was found that the studied soybean varieties with different growing seasons react differently to growing conditions. The timing of sowing significantly affects the height of attachment of the lower bean, the number of beans per plant and seeds in the bean, the weight of 1000 seeds and the weight of seeds per 1 plant. However, they have almost no effect on the number of seeds in the bean. It was investigated that the soybean variety Diadema Podillya forms the highest yields at the optimal and late sowing dates, while the soybean of the KiVin, Knyazhna, Khutoryanochka and Triada varieties – at the late sowing period (second decade of May). The increase in seed yield compared to sowing in the optimal time (first decade of May) was 6.6%, 3.1%, 13.8% and 9.6%, respectively. Conclusions. Sowing terms in interaction with the weather conditions of the growing season, have a significant impact on the formation of indicators of individual productivity and seed yield of soybean varieties with different growing seasons. That is why in the conditions of climate change, uneven moisture supply during the growing season and the emergence of new varieties it is advisable to continue research to study the impact of sowing dates, in interaction with other factors, on the formation of individual productivity and yield of soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Facilitation Effects of Haloxylon salicornicum Shrubs on Associated Understory Annuals, and a Modified “Stress-Gradient” Hypothesis for Droughty Times

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1726
Author(s):  
Nasr H. Gomaa ◽  
Ahmad K. Hegazy ◽  
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Haloxylon Salicornicum

Perennial shrub-annual plant interactions play key roles in desert regions influencing the structure and dynamics of plant communities there. In the present study, carried out in northwestern Saudi Arabia, we examined the effect of Haloxylon salicornicum shrubs on their associated understory annual species across four consecutive growing seasons, along with a record of the seasonal rainfall patterns. We measured density and species richness of all the annual species in permanent quadrats located beneath individual shrubs, as well as in the spaces between shrubs. During wet growing season H. salicornicum shrubs significantly enhanced the density and species richness of sub-canopy species, whereas in the relatively dry seasons they exerted negative effects on the associated species. In all growing seasons, the presence of shrubs was associated with enhanced soil properties, including increased organic carbon content, silt + clay, and levels of nutrients (N, P and K). Shrubs improved soil moisture content beneath their canopies in the wet growing season, while in the dry seasons they had negative effects on water availability. Differences in effects of H. salicornicum on understory plants between growing seasons seem due to the temporal changes in the impact of shrubs on water availability. Our results suggest the facilitative effects of shrubs on sub-canopy annuals in arid ecosystems may switch to negative effects with increasing drought stress. We discuss the study in light of recent refinements of the well-known “stress-gradient hypothesis”.

Plant height and height of the main ear in maize (Zea mays L.) at different locations and different plant densities

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gyenes-Hegyi ◽  
I. Pók ◽  
L. Kizmus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
The Best Approximation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Ear Height

The plant height and the height of the main ear were studied over two years in twelve single cross maize hybrids sown at three different plant densities (45, 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha) at five locations in Hungary (Keszthely, Gönc, Gyöngyös, Sopronhorpács, Martonvásár). The results revealed that plant height and the height of the main ear are important variety traits and are in close correlation with each other. It was found that the hybrids grew the tallest when the genetic distance between the parental components was greatest (Mv 4, Mv 5). The height of the main ear was also the greatest in these hybrids, and the degree of heterosis was highest (193% for plant height, 194% for the height of the main ear). The shortest hybrids were those developed between related lines (Mv 7, Mv 11). In this case the heterosis effect was the lowest for both plant height (128%) and the height of the main ear (144%). The ratio of the height of the main ear to the plant height was stable, showing little variation between the hybrids (37–44%). As maize is of tropical origin it grows best in a humid, warm, sunny climate. Among the locations tested, the Keszthely site gave the best approximation to these conditions, and it was here that the maize grew tallest. The dry, warm weather in Gyöngyös stunted the development of the plants, which were the shortest at this location. Plant density had an influence on the plant size. The plants were shortest when sown at a plant density of 45,000 plants/ha, and the main ears were situated the lowest in this case. At all the locations the plant and main ear height rose when the plant density was increased to 65,000 plants/ha. At two sites (Gönc and Sopronhorpács) the plants attained their maximum height at the greatest plant density (85,000 plants/ha). In Keszthely there was no significant difference between these two characters at plant densities of 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha, while in Gyöngyös and Martonvásár the greatest plant density led to a decrease in the plant and main ear height. The year had a considerable effect on the characters tested.

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