scholarly journals An Assessment of Women’s Accessibility to Poverty Alleviation Programmes in Kano State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Aduke Olufunmilayo Bello
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

This study examines the accessibility of women to Poverty Alleviation Programmes (PAP) in Kano State, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to identify the poverty alleviation programmes and assess the difference that exists btetween rural and urban women’s access to them. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between the accessibility of rural and urban women to PAP in the study area (Chi-square value = 9.196 (df) 1, p = 0.002). Consequently, it is recommended that the government should ensure proper periodical assessment and review of the administration and implementation of PAP in the study area. This will make the accessibility of women to the programmes result oriented. This will enhance the achievement of proper awareness among women and increase their accessibility to Poverty Alleviation Programmes in Kano State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Public Awareness on Cyber Crime with Special Reference to Chennai

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3362-3364
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cyber Crime ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cyber Crimes ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender

With the rapid advancements in technology, our lives have become completely digitalised. We sit in the comfort of our home, and carry out our day-to-day activities like grocery shopping, education, banking, through the Internet. However, this has given rise to several threats to our security, called the cyber-crime which has become a global concern. Cybercrimes affect the lives of millions of people all around the world, including businesses, organisations and governments of different nations. This paper aims to determine the association between cybercrime awareness and the age, and to identify the difference between main cause of cybercrime and the gender. Descriptive research has been carried out which helps us to understand the characteristics of an individual or a group. The sampling method used here is convenient sampling where the samples have been chosen based on ease of access of availability. The sample size is 1540. Age, Gender and Occupation are the independent variables. Cyber-crime awareness, the main cause of cybercrime and the most popular cyber-crime are the dependent variables used here. The tools used here are Chi-Square, Independent Sample t test and ANOVA. It was found that there is a significant association between the cyber-crime awareness and the age of the respondent and that there is no significant difference between the main cause of cyber-crime and gender. With the rapid rise in the rate of cyber-crimes, it is imperative that the government provide the people with more effective ways of cyber security in order to protect the society.

scholarly journals The Attitude of Teachers and Parents of Students towards the Implementation of School Management Committee (SMCs) at Elementary Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Rajashree Baral ◽  
Namita Sahu ◽  
Venkateswar Meher
Keyword(s):  
School Management ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Management Committee ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban Parents

The primary purposes of the present study were to analyze the attitude of the teachers and parentstowards the implementation of School Management Committee as elementary level and to examinethe significant difference in the attitude of parents (rural and urban) and teachers (male andfemale). The descriptive survey method was adopted for conducting research, where 20 elementaryschools (10 rural and 10 urban) of Sambalpur district, Odisha were taken, from which 160 sampleswere selected randomly composing both parents and students as a whole. A five-point attitude scalewas prepared for collecting relevant data from the sample groups, and the simple percentage technique and 't' test was applied to analyze the obtained data. The findings of the study revealed that Majority of parents and teachers agreed that the formation of the School ManagementCommittee at the elementary level is a good step taken by the Government. Both rural and urban parents differed significantly in their attitude towards the implementation of the School Management Committee. In comparison to rural and urban parents, rural parents had a more favorable attitude than urban parents towards SMC. There was no sign of the difference between male and female teachers towards the implementation of the School Management Committee. Both showed an equal favorable attitude.

scholarly journals Effects of Stock Market Crash on Investors Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Adnan Ali ◽  
Farzand Ali Jan ◽  
Mughira Jehanzeb
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Stock Market Crash ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Stock exchanges crises have remained the major dilemma for countries from many years. This study was conducted to identify the various factors of the effects of stock market crash on investors’ behavior. The crash occurred in March 2005. The data collected was a five-year w.e.f. 2005, which is the primary data and was collected in Peshawar from brokerage houses. The objective of the study was to investigate the perceptions of investors about the main causes of the crash, to observe the relationship between money losses and the shares invested in high and low rated companies. Chi square test was applied to check the difference between before and after crash investment and association among investment in high and low rated companies. During test result it’s been vivid that my alternate hypothesis that is H1 showed significant result reflecting that sentiment are highly influenced by the fluctuations in stock prices. The results declared that there was significant difference between investment before and after crash. It is recommended that the Government should provide transparency system to give a good image to the country.

386 An Exploratory Study of Bedtime Procrastination and Emotional Regulation Strategies in Insomnia compared to healthy individuals

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A153-A153
Author(s):  
Goeun Kim ◽  
Hyojin Nam ◽  
Huisu Jeon ◽  
Sooyeon Suh
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bedtime Procrastination

Abstract Introduction Bedtime Procrastination (BP) is defined as the behavior of voluntarily delaying going to bed, without having external reasons for doing so. Recent research on procrastination behavior suggests that when negative emotions are elevated, procrastination behaviors can be triggered in order to find pleasure to avoid and alleviate them. Procrastination can also occur when there is difficulty regulating emotions. In addition, the reason for bedtime procrastination may be different depending on whether the individuals present with insomnia. According to previous studies, patients with insomnia may exhibit more pronounced negative avoidance of bedtime due to prolonged sleeplessness. Therefore, this study compared the difference between of the bedtime procrastination and the emotional regulation strategies between the insomnia group and the healthy group. Methods This study was conducted in 582 adults (mean age 23.06 ±2.16 years), 81.6% females. Individuals scoring higher than 15 on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were classified into the insomnia group (n=375), and those less than 15 were classified into the healthy group (n=207). Participants completed the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Emotional Regulation Strategies Checklist. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi square test, and independent t tests. Results The insomnia group had significantly higher bedtime procrastination scores than the healthy group (t=-6.241, p<.001), and also the avoidant/distractive regulation style score was significantly higher (t=-1.969, p<.05). In addition, the score of active regulation style was significantly lower in the insomnia group than in the healthy group (t=3.050, p<.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the support-seeking regulation style. Conclusion Based on these results, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the bedtime procrastination and the emotional regulation strategies between the insomnia group and the healthy group. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2018S1A5A8026807)

scholarly journals Analysis of livestock breeders’ perceptions and their adaptation measures to climate change in Morocco‘s arid rangelands

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Wadii Snaibi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eastern Morocco ◽  
Climate Analysis

AbstractThe high plateaus of eastern Morocco are already suffering from the adverse impacts of climate change (CC), as the local populations’ livelihoods depend mainly on extensive sheep farming and therefore on natural resources. This research identifies breeders’ perceptions about CC, examines whether they correspond to the recorded climate data and analyses endogenous adaptation practices taking into account the agroecological characteristics of the studied sites and the difference between breeders’ categories based on the size of owned sheep herd. Data on perceptions and adaptation were analyzed using the Chi-square independence and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Climate data were investigated through Mann-Kendall, Pettitt and Buishand tests.Herders’ perceptions are in line with the climate analysis in term of nature and direction of observed climate variations (downward trend in rainfall and upward in temperature). In addition, there is a significant difference in the adoption frequency of adaptive strategies between the studied agroecological sub-zones (χ2 = 14.525, p <.05) due to their contrasting biophysical and socioeconomic conditions, as well as among breeders’ categories (χ2 = 10.568, p < .05) which attributed mainly to the size of sheep flock. Policy options aimed to enhance local-level adaptation should formulate site-specific adaptation programs and prioritise the small-scale herders.

Abstract 14721: Impact of Covid-19 on Cardiology Consultation in Tertiary Care Hospital of a Developing Country

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ghufran adnan ◽  
Osman Faheem ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
Pirbhat Shams ◽  
Jamshed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed the healthcare system of Pakistan. There has been observation regarding changes in pattern of patient presentation to emergency department (ED) for all diseases particularly cardiovascular. The aim of the study is to investigate these changes in cardiology consultations and compare pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era. Hypothesis: There is a significant difference in cardiology consultations during COVID era as compared to non-COVID era. Method: We collected data retrospectively of consecutive patients who visited emergency department (ED) during March-April 2019 (non-COVID era) and March-April 2020 (COVID era). Comparison has been made to quantify the differences in clinical characteristics, locality, admission, type, number, and reason of Cardiology consults generated. Results: We calculated the difference of 1351 patients between COVID and non-COVID era in terms of cardiology consults generated from Emergency department, using Chi-square test. Out of which 880 (59%) are male with mean age of 61(SD=15). Analysis shows pronounced augmentation in number of comorbidities [Hypertension(6%), Chronic kidney disease (6%), Diabetes (5%)] but there was 36% drop in total cardiology consultations and 43% reduction rate in patient’s ED visit from other cities during COVID era. There was 60% decrease in acute coronary syndrome presentation in COVID era, but fortuitously drastic increase (30%) in type II myocardial injury has been noted. Conclusion: There is a remarkable decline observed in patients presenting with cardiac manifestations during COVID era. Lack in timely care could have a pernicious impact on outcomes, global health care organizations should issue directions to adopt telemedicine services in underprivileged areas to provide timely care to cardiac patients.

scholarly journals DIASTASIS RECTI AMONG PREGNANT AND POSTPARTUM WOMEN IN KANO, NIGERIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Fatima Bichi ◽  
Dr. Shumaila Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Diastasis Recti ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Diastasis Recti (DR) is a common muscular condition often present during and after pregnancy. This cross-sectional correlational study investigated the prevalence of DR among pregnant and postpartum women. A total of 250 pregnant and postpartum women were recruited using convenience sampling technique from obstetrics and gynaecology department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Age, body mass, height, BMI, parity, trimester, duration of DR postpartum, location of DR and DR status was recorded for each participant. Presence of DR was confirmed using the finger width method. Descriptive statistics of mean, SD, percentage were used to describe the data and determine the prevalence. Inferential statistics of Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation were used to analyse the relationship between prevalence of DR and age, parity and duration of DR postpartum. Chi square was computed to determine the difference in prevalence of DR across trimesters. The result of this study indicated high prevalence of DR in post-partum and pregnant women (84% and 64.7% respectively); the most common location of DR was at the umbilicus in both pregnant and postpartum women. Prevalence of DR was high among the multigravida; and a significant relationship was found between prevalence of DR and age and parity of participants. There was a significant difference in prevalence of DR across the trimesters. It can be concluded that prevalence of DR among pregnant and postpartum women is high; age and parity are determinants of DR prevalence. Evaluation of DR should be considered as routine assessment in both pregnant and postpartum women.

International Quality Certification and Business Performance of Indian Firms: Evidence from Enterprise Survey Data

2019 ◽  
pp. 097215091982551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabir Ali ◽  
Nadia Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Certification And Accreditation ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Enterprise Survey

This article analyses the difference in firm’s performance between enterprises with and without international quality certification. The study is based on a comprehensive survey of 9,281 Indian firms operating in different regions of the country, conducted under the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey. About 44.9 per cent of the firms have adopted international quality certification for enhancing the quality of their business processes. Chi-square statistics indicate that there is a significant difference in enterprise characteristics by international quality certification. Result of the analysis of variance indicates a significant difference in business performance with and without quality certification in terms of sales, employment growth rates and capacity utilization. Firms with international quality certification perceive comparatively less obstacles than those who are not having international quality certification. This study provides insights on differences in firms’ performance and business obstacles faced by them with or without international quality certification. This study can be helpful in designing policies for promoting certification and accreditation of product quality and processes across business enterprises in a focused manner.

scholarly journals Healing Process Following Application of Set or Fresh Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as a Root-End Filling Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Habibi ◽  
Jamileh Ghoddusi ◽  
Ataollah Habibi ◽  
Nooshin Mohtasham
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chronic Abscess ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTObjectives: An unsuccessful attempt to reach the apical area or to place the retrograde material is a major difficulty in periradicular surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the histological evaluation of the healing process following an orthograde versus a retrograde application of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as a root-end filling material during apical surgery on cats’ teeth in order to find out whether orthograde placement of MTA before surgery can be used instead of retrograde placement during surgery. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 canine teeth in 12 mature and healthy cats were filled with either MTA or gutta-percha in an orthograde manner. Two weeks later, the teeth with MTA were surgically exposed and resected to the set-MTA within the canals. The teeth previously filled by gutta-percha were also surgically exposed, and retrograde cavities were prepared at the root ends and filled with fresh-MTA. After 8 weeks, the animals were euthanized by vital perfusion. Six-micron histological slices were prepared from samples, stained by Hematoxylin & Eosin, and histologically studied by means of a light microscope. The collected data was analyzed by the Chi-square and the T-test. Results: One of the samples in the fresh-MTA group was omitted during processing because of inappropriate sectioning. In the set-MTA group, 5 out of 12 showed chronic abscess, while in the fresh-MTA group, 2 out of 11 were discovered to have chronic abscess; however, no significant difference was observed (P>.05). Hard tissue healing (cementum, bone, cementum + bone formation) in the set-MTA and fresh-MTA groups were 7 out of 12 and 9 out of 11, respectively. While healing seemed more likely to occur in the fresh-MTA group, the difference was statistically insignificant (P>.05). The magnitude of bone, cementum, or bone and cementum formation showed slight differences between the two groups; however, the figures failed to show any marked differences (P>.05). Conclusions: Orthograde placement of MTA could be used as an obturation material before surgery. In this way, after root-end resection, there would be no need for root-end preparation and filling procedures. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:19-23)

scholarly journals Randomized clinical study comparing active heating methods for prevention of intraoperative hypothermia in gastroenterology

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Maria da Silva Feu Santos ◽  
Ilka de Fatima Santana Ferreira Boin ◽  
Cristina Aparecida Arivabene Caruy ◽  
Eliane de Araújo Cintra ◽  
Nathalia Agostini Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Intraoperative Hypothermia ◽  
Forced Air Warming ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intraoperative Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Times

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the efficacy of three active heating methods in the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia in open gastroenterological surgeries. Method: randomized clinical trial with a sample of 75 patients, whose initial body temperature measured by a tympanic thermometer. Esophageal temperature <36ºC was considered hypothermic. Patients were divided into three groups using: thermal mattress, underbody forced-air warming blanket and heated infusion system. The tympanic and esophageal temperatures were measured at different times of the intraoperative period, but the temperature considered gold standard was the esophageal. To evaluate the homogeneity of the groups, we used chi-square test (categorical variables). In the comparison of temperature measurements over time, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the contrast profile test were used for the difference in temperature between the times. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the three groups. The level of significance was 5%. Results: regarding the studied variables, the groups were not homogeneous as to the categorical variable sex. All patients presented hypothermia during the intraoperative period (p> 0.05). Conclusion: there was no significant difference between the heating methods in the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia. REBEC - Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR- no. 52shjp).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document