scholarly journals Randomized clinical study comparing active heating methods for prevention of intraoperative hypothermia in gastroenterology

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Maria da Silva Feu Santos ◽  
Ilka de Fatima Santana Ferreira Boin ◽  
Cristina Aparecida Arivabene Caruy ◽  
Eliane de Araújo Cintra ◽  
Nathalia Agostini Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Intraoperative Hypothermia ◽  
Forced Air Warming ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intraoperative Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Times

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the efficacy of three active heating methods in the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia in open gastroenterological surgeries. Method: randomized clinical trial with a sample of 75 patients, whose initial body temperature measured by a tympanic thermometer. Esophageal temperature <36ºC was considered hypothermic. Patients were divided into three groups using: thermal mattress, underbody forced-air warming blanket and heated infusion system. The tympanic and esophageal temperatures were measured at different times of the intraoperative period, but the temperature considered gold standard was the esophageal. To evaluate the homogeneity of the groups, we used chi-square test (categorical variables). In the comparison of temperature measurements over time, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the contrast profile test were used for the difference in temperature between the times. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the three groups. The level of significance was 5%. Results: regarding the studied variables, the groups were not homogeneous as to the categorical variable sex. All patients presented hypothermia during the intraoperative period (p> 0.05). Conclusion: there was no significant difference between the heating methods in the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia. REBEC - Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR- no. 52shjp).

Abstract 14721: Impact of Covid-19 on Cardiology Consultation in Tertiary Care Hospital of a Developing Country

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ghufran adnan ◽  
Osman Faheem ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
Pirbhat Shams ◽  
Jamshed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed the healthcare system of Pakistan. There has been observation regarding changes in pattern of patient presentation to emergency department (ED) for all diseases particularly cardiovascular. The aim of the study is to investigate these changes in cardiology consultations and compare pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era. Hypothesis: There is a significant difference in cardiology consultations during COVID era as compared to non-COVID era. Method: We collected data retrospectively of consecutive patients who visited emergency department (ED) during March-April 2019 (non-COVID era) and March-April 2020 (COVID era). Comparison has been made to quantify the differences in clinical characteristics, locality, admission, type, number, and reason of Cardiology consults generated. Results: We calculated the difference of 1351 patients between COVID and non-COVID era in terms of cardiology consults generated from Emergency department, using Chi-square test. Out of which 880 (59%) are male with mean age of 61(SD=15). Analysis shows pronounced augmentation in number of comorbidities [Hypertension(6%), Chronic kidney disease (6%), Diabetes (5%)] but there was 36% drop in total cardiology consultations and 43% reduction rate in patient’s ED visit from other cities during COVID era. There was 60% decrease in acute coronary syndrome presentation in COVID era, but fortuitously drastic increase (30%) in type II myocardial injury has been noted. Conclusion: There is a remarkable decline observed in patients presenting with cardiac manifestations during COVID era. Lack in timely care could have a pernicious impact on outcomes, global health care organizations should issue directions to adopt telemedicine services in underprivileged areas to provide timely care to cardiac patients.

scholarly journals Different Types of Anopheles Breeding Place in Low and High Malaria Case Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Khairul Bariyah ◽  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Sulistyawati Sulistyawati ◽  
Fathmawati Fathmawati ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Case ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Anopheles Mosquito ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Breeding Place

Malaria is a disease which is transmitted through the bite of Anopheles mosquito. This study aimed to analyse the difference of type of Anopheles larva breeding places between low malaria case area, namely Mandor Village, and high malaria case area, namely North Amboyo Village, both in Landak Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The samples of Anopheles mosquito breeding places was acquired through accidental sampling from all Anopheles larva breeding places and spatial mapping of breeding place points. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Mann-whitney test. This study found 70 breeding place points which consisted of 8 types of place, namely dig well, drilled well, Illegal Gold Mining (PETI) well, puddle, fish pond, sewer, swamp, and rice field. The lowest larva density in Mandor Village was at PETI well (0.48/dip) and the highest was at dig well (0.75/dip). In North Amboyo Village, the lowest density was at number 3 dig well (0.2/dip) and the highest was at rice field (2.3/dip). It can be concluded that there was a significant difference of Anopheles breeding places between low and high malaria case areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of the links between awareness about MI and behavior related to vaccination

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Jasiukaitienė ◽  
I Stankutė ◽  
L Miščikienė
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Do So

Abstract Backgrounds In Lithuania, the morbidity rate of meningococcal infection (MI) is one of the highest in the European Union. In year 2017 - 81 MI cases were reported (2.9 cases / 100 thousand inhabitants). The aim of the study - to assess the links between awareness of parents of pre-school children about meningococcal infection and behavior related to vaccination. Methods Anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out in pre-school educational institutions of Kaunas city in 2019. 165 questionnaires were presented to parents (response rate 91.52%). Associations between categorical variables were measured using Chi square test. A statistically significant difference was defined when p &lt; 0.05. Z criterion was used for evaluating hypothesis of variable dependence. Results 55.0% of respondents know that MI is caused by bacteria and it is spread by air (84.8%). 40.1% of parents indicated that they have vaccinated their children or are planning to do so. 38.0% of respondents chose not to have their children vaccinated and did not plan vaccination in the future. Answers of parents, who have vaccinated or are planning vaccination of their children, showed a statistically significant increase of awareness of the risk of MI spreading by air (44.4% and 0.0%, p &lt; 0.05) and that in order to avoid the risk of MI (42.3% and 0.0%, p &lt; 0.05) children need to be vaccinated following recommended vaccination plan (53.4% and 25.0%, p &lt; 0.05), as well that in Lithuania MI vaccine has been included in the recommended vaccination plan in 2018 (43.7% and 12.5%, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions More than half of the respondents know the pathogen of the MI, the way of it spreading, but less than half of them have vaccinated or are planning to vaccinate their children. Links have been identified between the vaccination of children and awareness of the ways of MI spreading and prevention of it. Key messages The behavior of parents with better awareness is related to decision of vaccination. Parents with better awareness have vaccinated or are planning to vaccinate their children from MI.

scholarly journals A study of consumer preferences for customized product design

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Endang Retno Wedowati ◽  
Moses Laksono Singgih ◽  
I Ketut Gunarta
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Segmentation has been frequently used to study individual consumer behavior against its preference. Consumer preferences indicate consumer requirements for a product. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences based on gender segmentation (male and female) and age segmentation (adolescents, adults, and elderl y). Consumer preferences wer e studied based on three aspects, namely functionality, usability, and pleasure that are applied to food products. Respondents consisted of 225 consumers of ice cream products. Crosstab analysis was used to describe consumer preferences, while chi-square test was applied to analyse the difference of consumer preference based on predetermined segmentation. The result showed that there was no significant difference for male and female consumer preferences for three aspects. Furthermore, on the attributes of taste (functionality), shape (usability) and appearance (pleasure) there were significant differences. Based on the age segmentation there were differences in consumer preferences for aspects of functionality and pleasure. Howe ver, we also found that there was no significant difference in product attributes of those aspects, except for the colour attribute. Different consumer preferences obtained in different segments can be used as a reference to customer requirements for design ing customized products. Ultimately, the products can be tailored to consumer preferences in each segment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of PCMH Model Adoption on Teamwork and Impact on Patient Access and Safety

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niharika Khanna ◽  
Fadia T. Shaya ◽  
Priyanka Gaitonde ◽  
Andrea Abiamiri ◽  
Ben Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Learning Collaborative ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Each of the participating patient-centered medical home (PCMH) received coaching and participated in learning collaborative for improving teamwork. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of trainings on patient-centered teamwork. Methods: The Teamwork Perception Questionnaire (TPQ) was administered once in spring 2014 and then in fall 2015. The TPQ consists of 35 questions across 5 domains: mutual support, situation monitoring, communication, team structure, and leadership. Based on our objective we compared the frequencies of strongly agree/agree by domain. The difference was tested using chi-square test. We compared the scores on each domain (strongly agree/agree = 1; maximum score = 7) via Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The response rate for this survey was n = 29 (80.6%) in spring 2014, and n = 31 (86.1%) in fall 2015. We found that the practice members significantly ( P < .05) strongly agreed/agreed more in fall 2015 than spring 2014 for characteristics—“staff relay relevant information in a timely manner” (64.5% vs 83.9%) and “staff follow a standardized method of sharing information when handing off patients” (67.7% vs 90.3%) under communication domain and for characteristic—“staff within my practice share information that enables timely decision making” (74.2% vs 90.3%). However, there was no statistical significant difference observed in the scores for the overall TPQ at the 2 time points. Conclusion: Despite the statistical insignificance, the observations in PCMHs across the spectrum of practices participating in the Maryland Multi-Payer Program demonstrated enhanced teamwork specifically in communication and in leadership. This we believe will continue to result in enhanced patient access to care and safety.

scholarly journals Effects of Family Structure on the Academic Performance of Children: A Case Study of Ayeduase R/C Junior High School in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francess Dufie Azumah ◽  
Krampah Samuel ◽  
Nachinaab John Onzaberigu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

In today’s competitive global setting, pupil’s performance is an important element of the school’s achievement. Pupil’s performance can significantly be affected by range of variables. Researches depict family structure as a salient variable. This study looked at the family structure of Junior High School pupils in Ayeduase Sub-Metro of Kumasi and their academic performance. The objectives were to assess the difference in relationship between the academic performance of children from single-parent families and two parent families and also to determine the difference in parental involvement in children’s academic performance. The research utilized a case study of 80 J.H.S. students in Ayeduase Sub-Metro, Kumasi between the ages of 12–18 years who were sampled by using stratified sampling technique. The sample consisted of all J.H.S 1, J.H.S 2 and J.H.S 3 students in order to maintain reliability. Chi-square test of independence was used in testing the first research hypothesis which was to determine the relationship between children in single-parent families and two parent families (family structure) and the dependent variable (academic performance). The result of the study indicated that, there was no significant difference in relationship between children from single-parent and two parent families (family structure) as independent variable and academic performance of pupils (p=0.791) as the dependent variable. The finding of this study provided evidence that family structure indicated no significant effects on academic performance of children. The study recommends that further studies should be carried out to include other family factors. Chi-square test of independence was used in testing the second hypothesis which was to determine the difference in parental involvement in children’s academic performance. The result of the study also indicated that, there was a significant difference in parental involvement in children’s academic performance (p=0.223).

scholarly journals Effect of Direct Composite and Indirect Ceramic Onlay Restorations on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Premolars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Kazemi Yazdi ◽  
Niusha Sohrabi ◽  
Shahbaz Nasser Mostofi
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
The Difference

Objectives: Fracture of endodontically treated restored teeth is a common concern. Premolars are subjected to high shear and tensile forces. This study aimed to assess the fracture resistance and fracture mode of endodontically treated premolars restored with direct and indirect onlay restorations. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 45 human maxillary premolars were divided into three groups (n=15) of control (sound teeth), direct onlay, and indirect onlay. In groups 2 and 3, the teeth underwent endodontic treatment. Mesio-occluso-distal cavities were prepared and restored with direct composite (P60) and indirect IPS e.max ceramic onlays, respectively. The teeth were subjected to vertical forces after cyclic loading. The maximum load causing fracture was recorded in Newtons. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, chi-square test, and Tukey’s test. Results: The highest and the lowest fracture resistances were noted in sound teeth and direct onlay restorations, respectively. The difference in fracture resistance was significant among the three groups (P<0.001). Pairwise comparisons revealed a significant difference in the fracture resistance of sound teeth and the two restoration groups (P<0.001). However, the difference in the fracture resistance of direct and indirect onlay restorations was not significant (P=0.6). Chi-square test showed a significantly higher frequency of irreparable fractures in the indirect onlay group (P=0.005). Conclusion: Direct and indirect onlay restorations were not significantly different in terms of the fracture resistance but the frequency of irreparable fractures was higher in indirect restorations.

scholarly journals Frequency of Extractions in Various Skeletal Patterns in Orthodontic Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Ahsan Khalid ◽  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Anas Sufian ◽  
Zainab Ahmed ◽  
Sameera Jamshed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Extraction Pattern ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: When the 20th century started Orthodontics was first recognized as a science. The removal or extraction of teeth destroys the ideal esthetics and occlusion, which was the base of orthodontic treatment plans. Edward Hartley Angle and his followers were not supporters of extraction due to this reason. Extreme dental or maxillary protrusion leading to facial deformities could be corrected by dental extraction was supported by Calvin Case who was a strong opponent of the Angle., for mainly analyzing the frequency of use of orthodontic extractions after evaluating the changes in the use of extraction in past years. The frequency of extractions was examined in relation to gender and Angle’s malocclusion classification. Materials and Method: This is a retrospective observational study. It was conducted in Orthodontics Department of Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, from 2015 to 2020. In this study records from 1032 patients who reported to orthodontic department in Nishtar institute of dentistry Multan for fixed orthodontic treatment were taken. For data registration SPSS 20 (IBM Chicago Illinois) was used. Frequency of extractions with regards to gender, skeletal pattern and types of extraction pattern was determined. In order to assess the association among variables Chi square test was applied and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Result: In respect of extraction group, 222 (41.3%) were males and 316 (58.7%) were female and whereas in nonextraction group, 83 (16.8%) were males and 411 (83.2%) were females. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The frequency of extraction in reference to Angle’s classification was analyzed, and no significant difference was found (p=0.992). Frequency of extraction was highest in class-II division-I malocclusion, and the lowest frequency of orthodontic tooth extraction was seen in class-II division-II malocclusion. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results of our study that females had higher frequency of extractions as compared to males. Similarly, class II malocclusion patients had highest frequency while lowest frequency was in Class I malocclusions.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KELOMPOK PENDUKUNG AIR SUSU IBU (KP-ASI) TERHADAP PERILAKU PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN STATUS GIZI BAYI 6-12 BULAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Nur Hikmah Wati ◽  
Lailatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
Support Group ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Breast Milk is the best and nutritious food in early life for every infants born. Undernourishment in infants can cause growth and development disorders. The attainment of exclusive breastfeeding that still low in Wonoayu sub-district in 2015 becomes the base  the formation of breastfeeding support group (KP-ASI). The aim of this study was to observe the difference of exclusive breastfeeding record and nutrition status of infants aged 6-12 months of KP-ASI participant and non KP-ASI participant. This research was an analytic observational with cross sectional design. This research was done in the working area at Wonoayu and Buduran Health Center, district Sidoarjo. The sample were taken using stratified random sampling, the sample size 36 mothers of infants 6-12 months from KP-ASI participants and 36 mothers of infants 6-12 months from the non KP-ASI participants. The data collection was interviewed by using questionnaire and anthropometry measurements by using length board and baby scale. Data analysis of the research was Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression. The result showed that there was significant difference exclusive breastfeeding record between  groups (p=0.002)  but there was no difference in nutrition status of infants aged 6-12 months (p=0.547) in between both group. Mother employment status (p=0.022 OR=0.211), other family support (p=0.015 OR=O.195) becomes a confounding variable aside from implementation of KP-ASI (p=0.032 OR=3.701) which influence exclusive breastfeeding record. The conclusion of this study was that KP-ASI participant have 3,701 times higher chance to give exclusive breastfeeding the their babies compared with non-KP ASI nember there was no difference nutrition status of infants aged 6-12 months from both group it’ is suggested for Public Health Service of Regency Sidoarjo to develop and reactivate implementation of breastfeeding support group in other district to improve the practice of exclusive breastfeeding.

Library and information science education as ignition source for services in non-academic special libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 350-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Soroya
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the number, difference and ratio of professionals and non-professionals heading toward non-academic special libraries (NASL). This study also explored the difference of provision of services based on educational qualifications. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative survey research method and questionnaire as a data collection tool was used to conduct the study. The questionnaire contained four educational levels against the 18 services variables. No list or directory being available, 71 special libraries were assured to be there in Lahore through snowball-sampling technique. Out of 71 questionnaires, 41 were returned and analyzed using Chi-Square test in Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings Findings indicated that 56 per cent of the libraries were headed by LIS professionals, while rest of 44 per cent of the libraries was headed by persons with no professional education. Chi-Square test’s p value indicated the significant difference in the orientation, reference service and document reservation service. The professionally qualified library managers were found better at providing librarians’ end services. Originality/value The present study is the first of its kind in Pakistan, which marked the vacant positions and indicated the differences of services based on level of education. It depicted the electronic, librarians end, and technical knowledge and multi-factor services and measured its variation on the educational grounds.

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