scholarly journals An Analysis of China’s Proposal to Control and Centrally Manage the Internet

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Alan Dupont
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
The Us ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
And Control

Governments and telecommunications companies have invested heavily in measures designed to protect overall system security. But these measures may not be enough if China is successful in setting the rules and designing the architecture of a new internet, because the one-party state’s internet vision reflects authoritarian values that are diametrically opposed to ours. China has suggested a radical change to the way the internet functions to the International Telecommunications Union. This would bake authoritarianism into the architecture underpinning the web, giving state-run internet service providers granular control over citizens’ use. The authoritarian state’s ability to monitor and control undersea fibre optic cables is emerging as a major national security issue for Australia and other democracies. The world could split into two separate information worlds, one led by the US and the other by China. A Balkanised internet is not in Australia’s interest. We must engage with friends and allies to come up with a fit-for-purpose world wide web that is more efficient, secure, user friendly and compatible with democracy.

Net Neutrality Policies and Regulation in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Jamison
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Regulatory Issue ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
The Us ◽  
Transmission Of Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Abstract The US debate about net neutrality has been unusually contentious for a telecommunications regulatory issue, most recently culminating in a 2017 reversal of a 2015 decision to apply traditional telephone regulations, written for a monopoly era, to internet service providers. This article reviews this history, beginning 1956 when the government first imposed an industry boundary between transmission of information on the one hand, and the creation and processing of information on the other. This regulatory legacy remains embedded in US law and has led to some of the muddle. This article also examines the academic literature relating to net neutrality. On this, the answers found in the literature vary depending on assumptions made about technology, industry structure, and industry practices. When the answer to the question of whether regulations are beneficial is “it depends,” and the scenarios that give different answers are realistic, it would seem that the policy approach should favor applying competition and consumer protection laws that address problems when they occur rather than ex ante regulations, which would be certain to harm at least in some situations.

Regulating Internet Content through Intermediaries in Europe and the USA

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Frydman ◽  
Isabelle Rorive
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
Content Regulation

SummaryThis paper emphasises the key role played by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in the current developments in Internet content regulation. At present, no common international standards govern free speech limits on the Internet. Racist speech constitutes the most controversial issue between Europe and the US. The enforcement of domestic law online has recently led to surprising court rulings in several European countries, putting transatlantic ISPs under pressure. The paper provides a detailed account of three of these cases: the early German Compuserve case, the famous French Yahoo! case and most recently the French J’accuse! case. Both European and American legislators have endeavoured to provide ISPs with “safe havens” (limitations of liability) and tentative procedural solutions like “notice and take down”. These new regimes and their likely effects on ISPs are presented and discussed. It is suggested that, despite the lack of common standards, the combination of the American and the European provisions would strongly incite transatlantic ISPs to take down racist material This, however, also risks affecting other controversial data, otherwise subject to free speech protection. The danger of a massive scheme for private censorship is compelling.

scholarly journals Network Neutrality: Anticompetitive Issues in Internet Legislation

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
Lauri Rantakari
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Neutrality ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
The Us

This article seeks to illustrate current policies over the so-called network neutrality in the United States and in the European Union. In short, network neutrality, which lacks any exact definition and is under constantdebate, consists of principles that allow public information networks to treat all content, sites and platforms equally. In practice, hindrance or exclusion of certain types of lawful Internet traffic or content by the Internet service providers would be contrary to these principles. Due to the US-centric nature of the Internet, the US stance over network neutrality will also affect the Internet policies of the European Union as well. Thus, the aim of this article is to stimulate academic discussion about network neutrality in Finland. The focus of this descriptive article is on exemplifying network neutrality’s impact on technological development, the evolution of business models in the Internet space, and especially, potential antitrust issues. Finally, this article asks how network neutrality will be legislated in the future and whether it will survive as a network design principle.

Cyberpolitik

ADALAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munadhil Abdul Muqsith
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mailing List ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
First Time

Abstract:The internet developed for the first time in Indonesia in the early 1990s. Starting from the pagayuban network, it is now expanding without boundaries anywhere. A survey conducted by the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) said that the number of internet users in Indonesia in 2012 reached 63 million people or 24.23 percent of the country's total population. Next year, that figure is predicted to increase by close to 30 percent to 82 million users and continue to grow to 107 million in 2014 and 139 million or 50 percent of the total population in 2015. million people. This matter also results in political communication with the internet media, or is often said to be cyber politics. Cyber politics in Indonesia has faced growth in recent years. There are many facilities that support the growth of cyber politics, such as Facebook, Twitter, mailing list, YouTube, and others.Keywords: Cyberpolitik, Internet  Abstrak:Internet berkembang pertama kali di Indonesia pada awal tahun 1990-an. Diawali dari pagayuban network kini berkembang luas tanpa batas dimanapun juga. Suatu survei yang diselenggarakan Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII) mengatakan kalau jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia tahun 2012 menggapai 63 juta orang ataupun 24,23 persen dari total populasi negeri ini. Tahun depan, angka itu diprediksi naik dekat 30 persen jadi 82 juta pengguna serta terus berkembang jadi 107 juta pada 2014 serta 139 juta ataupun 50 persen total populasi pada 2015. juta orang. Perihal ini pula berakibat pada komunikasi politik dengan media internet, ataupun kerap diucap dengan cyber politic. Cyber politic di Indonesia hadapi pertumbuhan sebagian tahun terakhir. Banyaknya fasilitas yang menunjang pertumbuhan cyber politic semacam terdapatnya facebook, Twitter, mailing list, youtobe, serta lain-lain.Kata Kunci: Cyberpolitik, Internet 

scholarly journals Revenue-Maximizing Radio Access Technology Selection with Net Neutrality Compliance in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Elissar Khloussy ◽  
Yuming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access

The net neutrality principle states that users should have equal access to all Internet content and that Internet Service Providers (ISPs) should not practice differentiated treatment on any of the Internet traffic. While net neutrality aims to restrain any kind of discrimination, it also grants exemption to a certain category of traffic known as specialized services (SS), by allowing the ISP to dedicate part of the resources for the latter. In this work, we consider a heterogeneous LTE/WiFi wireless network and we investigate revenue-maximizing Radio Access Technology (RAT) selection strategies that are net neutrality-compliant, with exemption granted to SS traffic. Our objective is to find out how the bandwidth reservation for SS traffic would be made in a way that allows maximizing the revenue while being in compliance with net neutrality and how the choice of the ratio of reserved bandwidth would affect the revenue. The results show that reserving bandwidth for SS traffic in one RAT (LTE) can achieve higher revenue. On the other hand, when the capacity is reserved across both LTE and WiFi, higher social benefit in terms of number of admitted users can be realized, as well as lower blocking probability for the Internet access traffic.

scholarly journals The corporate takeover of the online public sphere: A critical examination, with reference to 'the New Zealand case'

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

Much communications research is in agreement about the failure of mass media to adequately facilitate a public sphere of open and reflexive debate necessary for strong democratic culture. In contrast , the internet's decentralised, two-way communication is seen by many commentators to be extending such debate. However, there is some ambivalence among critical theorists as to the future role of the internet in advancing the public sphere. On the one hand, the internet is providing the means fot the voicing of positions and identities excluded from the mass media. On the other hand, a number of problem are limiting the extensiveness and effetivness of this voicing. One of the most significant problems is the corporate colonisation of cyberspace, and subsequent marginalisation rational-critical communication. It is this problem that i will focus on in this article, with reference to examples from what I refer to as the 'New Zealand online public sphere'. I show how online corporate portals and media sites are gaining the most attention orientated to public communication, including news, information, and discussion. These sites generally support conservative discourse and consumer practices. The result is a marginalisation online of the very voices marginalised offline, and also of the critical-reflexive form of communication that makes for a strong public sphere. I conclude by noting that corporate colonisation is as yet only partial, and control of attention and media is highly contested by multiple 'alternative' discursive spaces online.

scholarly journals Research on transformation and upgrading of Liuzhou fitness industry under the “Internet +” service platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 09029
Author(s):  
Yi Xie ◽  
Shijun Xu ◽  
Yanping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Fitness Industry ◽  
And Control

Under the current situation of prevention and control Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19), the development of fitness industry in Liuzhou is analyzed, and the survival environment, management, coaches' quality and reasons for the closure of the club are analyzed. The results show that Liuzhou fitness market is greatly affected by the economic and social environment, and the seemingly prosperous fitness market has met with bottlenecks, and its operation is in danger. Taking “Internet+” as a new power engine, we should build a service platform of Liuzhou fitness alliance, strengthen the supply side reform such as management and coach quality, increase effective supply of high quality, and guide clubs to play their own advantages to develop differentiated competition, which is an effective way to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional fitness industry.

STRATEGIC INTERACTION OF PROVIDERS FOR DIFFERENTIATED INTERNET SERVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Alexey Gaivoronski ◽  
◽  
Vasily Gorbachuk ◽  
Maxim Dunaievskiy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Global Network ◽  
High Price ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Internet Service

As computing and Internet connections become general-purpose technologies and services aimed at broad global markets, questions arise about the effectiveness of such markets in terms of public welfare, the participation of differentiated service providers and end-users. Motorola’s Iridium Global Communications project was completed in the 1990s due to similar issues, reaching the goal of technological connectivity for the first time. As Internet services are characterized by high innovation, differentiation and dynamism, they can use well-known models of differentiated products. However, the demand functions in such models are hyperbolic rather than linear. In addition, such models are stochastic and include providers with different ways of competing. In the Internet ecosystem, the links between Internet service providers (ISPs) as telecommunications operators and content service providers are important, especially high-bandwidth video content providers. As increasing bandwidth requires new investments in network capacity, both video content providers and ISPs need to be motivated to do so. In order to analyze the relationships between Internet service providers and content providers in the Internet ecosystem, computable models, based on the construction of payoff functions for all the participants in the ecosystem, are suggested. The introduction of paid content browsing will motivate Internet service providers to invest in increasing the capacity of the global network, which has a trend of exponential growth. At the same time, such a browsing will violate the principles of net neutrality, which provides grounds for the development of new tasks to minimize the violations of net neutrality and maximize the social welfare of the Internet ecosystem. The models point to the importance of the efficiency of Internet service providers, the predictability of demand and the high price elasticity of innovative services.

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