Energy and Environment: Challenges and Strategies; in context to Automobiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Pollutant Formation ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Development of any country mainly depends on availability of energy, at the same time most of the environmental problems are associated with the use of energy. Sustainable development should be approached in all of its primary dimensions: economic, environmental and social. Energy has deep and broad relationships with each of the three pillars of sustainable development. Rapid industrialization, increasing urbanization and motorization and increase in consumption of fossil fuels are main reasons for environmental degradation. Emissions associated with combustion of fuel have a significant impact on the ecosystem, affecting animals, plants and aquatic life. Transport sector is one of the major contributors to pollution in urban areas. If present trends continue, including the heavy reliance on fossil fuels, risks will build up not only in the environmental dimension but also in the economic dimension. We need to change not only the structure of the energy sector but also behavior in our societies and economies. This paper reviews the use of biofuels, pollutant formation from engines and methods to control emissions for cleaner environment and sustainable development.

scholarly journals The possibilities of using biodiesel in service of reducing the urban air pollution

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljko Đukić
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Transport Sector

Using renewable energy is in line with the global strategy of sustainable development. The use of biofuels in transport contributes to increasing security of supply and reducing dependence of the transport sector on oil, reducing the share of greenhouse gas emissions from road transport and sustainable development of urban areas. The advantage of biodiesel in comparison to other alternative fuels can be seen in use in existing vehicles without or with minor modification of existing motors, depending on the concentration of biofuels in combination with fossil fuels. This paper discusses the possibilities of reducing the air pollution by using biodiesel, pollutants arising as a result of combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines, as well as the possibility of using waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel. The presented results show the reduction of air pollution using biodiesel as an alternative fuel, as well as the possibilities of solving the problem of wasting edible oil by using it for biodiesel production

scholarly journals Review of sustainable development of the road transport sector – are there geographical differences?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-87
Author(s):  
Maria T. Johansson ◽  
Danica Djuric Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
The Road ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Even though the share of renewable energy in the transport sector has increased during the last decade, the sector is still highly dependent on fossil fuels. Consequences are for example emissions of greenhouse gases, particulates, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. This is of great concern for the environment, climate change, and human health. This study reviews scientific publications about sustainable development of the road transport sector, published 2005-2018. The aim of the study is to investigate if there are differences in the measures and strategies presented in the publications depending on the geographical areas studied, and to analyse if there are differences depending on year of publication. The authors analysed to what extent local conditions influence the choice of proposed measures and strategies. A system perspective was applied in order to include measures related to the whole life cycle of the road transport, as well as other sectors, which influence or are influenced by the transport sector. A literature review was performed using the search-engine Web of Science. Results show that important local conditions that may influence the research focus within the area of sustainable development of the road transport sector are for example: energy supply security (e.g. availability of biomass and renewable electricity, as well as access to domestic fossil fuel resources), possibilities for developing infrastructure for biofuel supply and charging of electric vehicles, political priorities and approaches, and traditions.

scholarly journals An Optimization Strategy for Sustainable Development of Renewable Energy System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 629-636
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Renewable Energy System

The main objective of this paper is to present the detailed information about various renewable energy sources for creating a technique used for sustainable development. Such kind of technique comprises of energy saving, increasing energy production and replacing fossil fuels using different renewable energy sources. It is motivated to include various novel techniques with large-scale renewable energy plants for integrating and measuring the efficiency of the plants. According to India, this paper discussed about the various problems and issues associated with converting available energy systems into complete renewable energy system. From the overall discussion, it is concluded that converting total energy system into renewable energy system is possible. Also, what are all the requirements, current available resources and future methods to improve the energy system are discussed. But converting the transport sector into flexible energy system methods is difficult.

scholarly journals Electric Vehicles for Low Carbon Sustainable Development of Transport sector of Developing Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (S)) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Hemant Nandanpawar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Low Carbon

Transport sector is one of the largest contributors of energy related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally and is expected to grow 50 percent by 2050. Controlling GHG emission growth of transport sector is necessary in view of limiting the global temperature increase to below 2 degrees Celsius, agreed under Paris Agreement, to avoid extreme Climate Change effects. Further analysis reflects that Electric Vehicles (EV) have great role to play in limiting transport sector emissions. In view of various environmental, climate change and human health related benefits, electric vehicles (EV) is witnessing an increasing trend across the globe, specifically in the developed nations. However, the economics of electric vehicles as well as the physical issues such as charging infrastructure, dependence on grid connected power etc. put a constraint on the fast growth of such vehicles in both, developing and developed economies. Although the Asian developing economies typically have highest growth rate in terms of vehicles usage but due to economic or physical challenges they are unable to deploy the electric vehicles at a swift pace. The principle advantage of battery based electric vehicles is that they are zero-emission at point-of-use. It provides local environmental benefits including cleaner air and reduced noise in urban areas. Overall, EV contributes for the sustainable development of the transport sector and many developed countries have adopted such vehicles on a large scale. Global EV sales were 462,000 during 2015 and it is estimated that EVs will constitute 35% (41 million) of new car sales by 2040. According to the IEA estimates, the US (39%), Japan (16%) and China (12%) are currently the prominent EV stock holding markets globally. This paper includes discussion on various socio economic and environmental benefits of the electric vehicles along with the challenges of its promotion in the developing economies. Further, the paper will also cover the various models for socializing electric vehicles and better adoption as well as policy and other enablers that are crucial for its promotion.

scholarly journals Data Driven Approaches for Sustainable Development of E-Mobility in Urban Areas

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3949
Author(s):  
Marialisa Nigro ◽  
Marina Ferrara ◽  
Rosita De Vincentis ◽  
Carlo Liberto ◽  
Gaetano Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
The City

This study focuses on a modeling framework to support mobility planners and energy providers in the sustainable development of electric mobility in urban areas. Specifically, models are provided to simulate measures for the optimal management of energy demand and thoughtful planning of charging infrastructures in order to avoid congestion on the power grid. The measures, and consequently the models, are classified according to short-term initiatives based on multimodality between electric vehicles and public transport (Park and Ride), as well as medium to long-term initiatives based on the development of an energy-oriented land use of the city. All the models are data-driven, and different sets of floating car data available for the city of Rome (Italy) have been exploited for this aim. The models are currently being implemented in an agent-based simulator for electric urban mobility adopted by the National Agency for Energy and Environment in Italy (ENEA).

Bhaktapur Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-55
Author(s):  
Bharat Prasad Badal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
One Year

Development in this age of sustainable development is sustainable development itself and tourism development is sustainable development of tourism. The present paper investigates the development of tourism from the socio economic indicators of sustainable tourism of Bhaktapur. Bhaktapur is an open museum and central hub of Tourism. To explore the Economic dimension of Bhaktapur Sustainable Tourism Development through Employment that focuses Number, type and duration of jobs, Gender equity, Business viability, Expenditure, Arrivals, Profitability, and Satisfaction. And to analyze the Social dimension of Bhaktapur Sustainable Tourism Development through Quality of Life that focuses Resident Empowerment, Congestion and crowding, Community attitudes to tourism, Access to amenities, and Changes in crime rate, the study has been conducted. The primary information is based on multiple sources of societal learning like field visits in course of doing researches, observation of various sites, General Household Questionnaire Survey, focus on group discussions, interactive seminars and a number of interactions and interviews with the experts of tourism sector in Bhaktapur. General Household Questionnaire Survey of purposively selected cluster of Dattatraya Square area was conducted on 157 households. Among five clusters Dattatrya Square was purposely selected for the study. Actual spending and length of stay of foreign tourists have been increasing in Nepal. Altogether from socio economic perspective 13 programsare recommended from the study to the local government of Bhaktapur Dattatrya. It needs around265 lakhs and timeline is not more than one year. Five times of these 13 projects and 265 lakhs can double the visitors in coming years.

Urban Transport

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José van
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

Platformization affects the entire urban transport sector, effectively blurring the division between private and public transport modalities; existing public–private arrangements have started to shift as a result. This chapter analyzes and discusses the emergence of a platform ecology for urban transport, focusing on two central public values: the quality of urban transport and the organization of labor and workers’ rights. Using the prism of platform mechanisms, it analyzes how the sector of urban transport is changing societal organization in various urban areas across the world. Datafication has allowed numerous new actors to offer their bike-, car-, or ride-sharing services online; selection mechanisms help match old and new complementors with passengers. Similarly, new connective platforms are emerging, most prominently transport network companies such as Uber and Lyft that offer public and private transport options, as well as new platforms offering integrated transport services, often referred to as “mobility as a service.”

Smart Cities and Smart Regulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Rønne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Smart Regulation

Increasing focus on sustainable societies and ‘smart cities’ due to emphasis on mitigation of climate change is simultaneous with ‘smart regulation’ reaching the forefront of the political agenda. Consequently, the energy sector and its regulation are undergoing significant innovation and change. Energy innovations include transition from fossil fuels to more renewable energy sources and application of new computer technology, interactively matching production with consumer demand. Smart cities are growing and projects are being initiated for development of urban areas and energy systems. Analysis from ‘Smart Cities Accelerator’, developed under the EU Interreg funding programme that includes Climate-KIC,——provides background for the focus on a smart energy system. Analysis ensures the energy supply systems support the integration of renewables with the need for new technologies and investments. ‘Smart’ is trendy, but when becoming ‘smart’ leads to motivation that is an important step towards mitigating climate change.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria, Co-Evolutionary Charging Behavior: An Agent-Based Simulation of Urban Electromobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Lennart Adenaw ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Spatio Temporal

In order to electrify the transport sector, scores of charging stations are needed to incentivize people to buy electric vehicles. In urban areas with a high charging demand and little space, decision-makers are in need of planning tools that enable them to efficiently allocate financial and organizational resources to the promotion of electromobility. As with many other city planning tasks, simulations foster successful decision-making. This article presents a novel agent-based simulation framework for urban electromobility aimed at the analysis of charging station utilization and user behavior. The approach presented here employs a novel co-evolutionary learning model for adaptive charging behavior. The simulation framework is tested and verified by means of a case study conducted in the city of Munich. The case study shows that the presented approach realistically reproduces charging behavior and spatio-temporal charger utilization.

scholarly journals A Comeback of Wind Power in Shipping: An Economic and Operational Review on the Wind-Assisted Ship Propulsion Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1880
Author(s):  
Todd Chou ◽  
Vasileios Kosmas ◽  
Michele Acciaro ◽  
Katharina Renken
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Technological Growth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Promising Solution

Wind-assisted ship propulsion (WASP) technology seems to be a promising solution toward accelerating the shipping industry’s decarbonization efforts as it uses wind to replace part of the propulsive power generated from fossil fuels. This article discusses the status quo of the WASP technological growth within the maritime transport sector by means of a secondary data review analysis, presents the potential fuel-saving implications, and identifies key factors that shape the operational efficiency of the technology. The analysis reveals three key considerations. Firstly, despite the existing limited number of WASP installations, there is a promising trend of diffusion of the technology within the industry. Secondly, companies can achieve fuel savings, which vary depending on the technology installed. Thirdly, these bunker savings are influenced by environmental, on-board, and commercial factors, which presents both opportunities and challenges to decision makers.

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