scholarly journals Arranged Marriage, Partner Traits and Parental Investment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie M. Hasnain
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
Marriage Partner ◽  
Reproductive Compensation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Compensation Hypothesis

Both sexes choose mates based on qualities that will enhance offspring viability and quality. In some cases individuals are forced to reproduce with less desirable mates which has been shown to result in lower quality offspring. The Reproductive Compensation Hypothesis (RCH) predicts that parents who mate under constraint will increase their reproductive effort and investment in offspring to compensate for lowered offspring viability. Evidence for the RCH has been found in several animal species; however it has not been examined in humans. One possible type of mate choice constraint in humans is that of arranged marriage in which parents or others choose mates for individuals. In order to test the RCH, I examine whether there are differences in both partner traits between women in arranged marriages and those in self-choice marriages, and differences in parental investment between women in arranged and self-choice marriages using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey. Except for husband’s education level, no differences were found in mate characteristics between the husbands of women in self-choice marriages and those in arranged marriages. Marriage type did not significantly correlate with parental investment except for number of live births. This correlation, however, was not in the predicated direction. Results show that women in self-choice marriages had more offspring (controlling for marriage duration) than woman in arranged marriages. It is possible that arranged marriage is not a true constraint on mate choice or that parental investment measures used in this study need to be more refined.

scholarly journals Penyesuaian Diri Pada Pasangan Perjodohan di Kampung Madura

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Asri Khuril Aini ◽  
Fathul Lubabin Nuqul
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marriage Partner ◽  
Long Time ◽  
One Year

This study aims to determine the processes and problems in arranged marriages, the potential for violence experienced by couples and the pattern of solutions in overcoming the problems of paired couples. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques are using interview techniques. The research used purposive that are chosen based on specific characteristics, namely a maximum age of one year of marriage and marriage to the matched system. This study involved three married couples who were married to the matchmaking system. The results of this study explain that the process of adjustment in an arranged marriage partner has different periods, from the data in the field of adjustment on the groom's shorter period is different from the period on the bride who needs a long time in adjustment. The adjustment process involved is not only on both sides but also the family, and the environment also contributes to the adjustment process. The couple adjusts to a way to stay in excellent communication, open, mutual respect, maintain the feelings of the couple, respect and discuss to solve the problems faced and finally the couple managed to adjust well.

scholarly journals Postweaning maternal care increases male chimpanzee reproductive success

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (38) ◽  
pp. eaaz5746
Author(s):  
Catherine Crockford ◽  
Liran Samuni ◽  
Linda Vigilant ◽  
Roman M. Wittig
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Parental Loss ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Successful Reproduction ◽  
Using Data

Humans are unusual among animals for continuing to provision and care for their offspring until adulthood. This “prolonged dependency” is considered key for the evolution of other notable human traits, such as large brains, complex societies, and extended postreproductive lifespans. Prolonged dependency must therefore have evolved under conditions in which reproductive success is gained with parental investment and diminished with early parental loss. We tested this idea using data from wild chimpanzees, which have similarly extended immature years as humans and prolonged mother-offspring associations. Males who lost their mothers after weaning but before maturity began reproducing later and had lower average reproductive success. Thus, persistent mother-immature son associations seem vital for enhancing male reproductive success, although mothers barely provision sons after weaning. We posit that these associations lead to social gains, crucial for successful reproduction in complex social societies, and offer insights into the evolution of prolonged dependency.

MARRIAGE UNDER AGE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE RATE OF DIVORCE IN ROKAN HILIR DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-303
Author(s):  
Mardalena Hanifah
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The One ◽  
Moral Factor ◽  
Happy Family

Article 1 of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, marriage is an outer and inner bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife to form an eternal and happy family based on the One Godhead. One. In general, no one wants their marriage to end in divorce, different environments make the marriage untenable. The problem is the factors that cause underage marriage. The research method is sociological juridical with descriptive research nature. This study deals with family law. Based on the results of the research conducted, the factors causing underage marriage are a moral factor because married by accident, economic factors because their parents had arranged an arranged marriage with the following percentages, 40% experienced underage marriages because they were not mentally and religiously prepared, 30% Divorce occurs because they do not have a permanent job, and another 30% are due to arranged marriages and forced marriages.

4. Sex roles and stereotypes

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Leigh W. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sex Roles ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mating Competition ◽  
Characteristic Behaviour ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Female Roles

‘Sex roles and stereotypes’ examines the notion, implicit in many of the original ideas about sexual selection, that males and females have natural ‘roles’ with characteristic behaviour associated with each sex. It also explores further the reasons behind deviations from the ‘typical’ sex roles in mate choice and in mating competition. Are there ‘standard’ male and female roles in both humans and other animal species? One version of sex roles holds that males are generally dominant and females submissive, stemming from the way that sexual selection favours different behaviours in each sex. This could mean that sexual selection dictates particular behaviours in males and females. But in fact, sexual behaviour is extraordinarily varied in nature.

Political Inequality among Youth

Young ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-504
Author(s):  
Aleš Kudrnáč ◽  
Pat Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Climate ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Political Inequality ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Compensation Hypothesis

This study explores what factors help explain why some young people have more internal political efficacy (IPE) than others. IPE refers to subjective competence to understand politics and make informed choices. IPE is important because it has a strong positive association with many forms of political participation and also enhances the legitimacy of democratic regimes. Consequently, IPE forms part of the foundations of political equality. Using data from the Czech Republic and insights from personal information, social resource and social learning models (SLMs), this study shows that variation in youth IPE is most strongly linked with discussions among family, friends and classmates. In contrast to previous work, open classroom climate was not found to have a positive link with IPE, and Campbell’s (2008, Political Behavior 30(4): 437–54) compensation hypothesis could not be accepted.

scholarly journals Marriage Institutions and Sibling Competition: Evidence from South Asia*

2013 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom S. Vogl
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Marriage Markets ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Status Data

Abstract Using data from South Asia, this article examines how arranged marriage cultivates rivalry among sisters. During marriage search, parents with multiple daughters reduce the reservation quality for an older daughter’s groom, rushing her marriage to allow sufficient time to marry off her younger sisters. Relative to younger brothers, younger sisters increase a girl’s marriage risk; relative to younger singleton sisters, younger twin sisters have the same effect. These effects intensify in marriage markets with lower sex ratios or greater parental involvement in marriage arrangements. In contrast, older sisters delay a girl’s marriage. Because girls leave school when they marry and face limited earning opportunities when they reach adulthood, the number of sisters has well-being consequences over the life cycle. Younger sisters cause earlier school-leaving, lower literacy, a match to a husband with less education and a less skilled occupation, and (marginally) lower adult economic status. Data from a broader set of countries indicate that these cross-sister pressures on marriage age are common throughout the developing world, although the schooling costs vary by setting.

Must Love Kill the Family Firm? Some Exploratory Evidence

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Mehrotra ◽  
Randall Morck ◽  
Jungwook Shim ◽  
Yupana Wiwattanakantang
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Mean Reversion ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
The Family

Family firms depend on a succession of capable heirs to stay afloat. If talent and IQ are inherited, this problem is mitigated. If, however, progeny talent and IQ display mean reversion (or worse), family firms are eventually doomed. Since family firms persist, solutions to this succession problem must exist. We submit that marriage can transfuse outside talent and reinvigorate family firms. This implies that changes to the institution of marriage—notably, a decline in arranged marriages in favor of marriages for “love”—bode ill for the survival of family firms. Consistent with this, the predominance of family firms correlates strongly across countries with plausible proxies for arranged marriage norms.

Marriage and Divorce for the Sake of Religion: The Marital Life of Cadari in Indonesia 1

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva F. Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Crucial Aspect ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Religious Transformation ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
Religious Homogamy ◽  
Marriage Partner ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Harmonious Family

Abstract The religious transformation experienced by cadari(face-veiled women) in Indonesia belonging to two revivalist movements, Tablighi Jamāʿat and Salafism, has propelled them to change their habitus. The nature of their new pious habitus has shaped the life of these women including their marital life. The embodiment of this pious habitus can be seen in practices related to marriage ranging from choice of marriage partner, interactions with marriage partner, new marriage practices (arranged marriage, early marriage and mass marriage) and termination of marriage. All of these can be regarded as their efforts to construct a pious self and an ideal Islamic family, keluarga sakinah(harmonious family). Since religious doctrines are very important in the life of the cadari, religious homogamy is a crucial aspect in their decision to get married or divorced. While there are some studies on the importance of religious homogamy in sustaining marital satisfaction and stability, the experiences of women in such marriages has often been neglected. This article focuses on the importance of religious homogamy by listening to the experiences of cadariwomen.

Relationship Outcomes in Indian-American Love-Based and Arranged Marriages

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela C. Regan ◽  
Saloni Lakhanpal ◽  
Carlos Anguiano
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
Passionate Love ◽  
Indian American ◽  
Relationship Outcomes ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
The U.S

The meaning and purpose of marriage, and the manner in which spouses are selected, varies across cultures. Although many cultures have a tradition of arranged marriage, researchers interested in marital dynamics generally have focused on love-based marriages. Consequently, there is little information on relational outcomes within arranged marriages. This study compared relationship outcomes in love-based and arranged marriages contracted in the U.S. A community sample of 58 Indian participants living in the U.S. (28 arranged marriages, 30 love-based marriages) completed measures of marital satisfaction, commitment, companionate love, and passionate love. Men reported greater amounts of commitment, passionate love, and companionate love than women. Unexpectedly, no differences were found between participants in arranged and love-based marriages; high ratings of love, satisfaction, and commitment were observed in both marriage types. The overall affective experiences of partners in arranged and love marriages appear to be similar, at least among Indian adults living in contemporary U.S. society.

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