scholarly journals Environmental factors in cauliflower curd initiation and growth.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Booij
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Final Number ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Time

In 1982, 1983 and 1984, seedlings of the cultivars Delira and Elgon were transplanted on several dates during the summer. The number of days between transplanting and curd initiation varied between 25 and 46 and was not related to the transplanting date. The date of curd initiation was correlated with the mean temperature in the period after initiation of the 19th leaf. At higher temperatures, curd initiation was delayed. The initiation date for Elgon tended to be a few days later than that for Delira. The final number of leaves (all initiated before curd initiation) was best correlated with mean maximum day temperature in the period between initiation of the 19th leaf and curd initiation. The variation in duration of curd growth was less than the variation of the period between transplanting and curd initiation. The duration of curd growth could be explained as well by the date of curd initiation as by a temperature-time product or by the mean irradiance. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Seasonal Pattern of Prevalence and Excretion of Eggs of Baylisascaris transfuga in the Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Ladislav Molnár ◽  
Alžbeta Königová ◽  
Peter Major ◽  
Zuzana Vasilková ◽  
Martina Tomková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Seasonal Prevalence ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baylisascaris Transfuga

The seasonal dynamics of the prevalence, abundance, and mean intensity of egg excretion by the nematode parasite Baylisascaris transfuga in the European brown bear (Ursus arctos) were monitored relative to environmental factors (mean temperature, humidity, and temperature) over three years. The prevalence, abundance, and mean intensity of egg excretion tended to increase from spring to autumn throughout the monitoring period. The seasonal prevalence (84.2–90.6%), abundance (470.2–545.3 eggs per gramme (EPG) of faeces), mean intensity of excretion (558.3–602.1 EPG), and number of eggs (1150 EPG) were highest in autumn. The prevalence of eggs (up to 48.5%), abundance (37.8–60.6 EPG), and mean intensity of excretion (94.4–125.0 EPG) were high in winter, despite the period of hibernation. The seasonal dynamics of B. transfuga abundance in bears, the mean temperature between spring and autumn, and the seasonal trend of increase in intensity of egg excretion with temperature from winter to summer were interrelated. Abundance differed significantly between winter and autumn, spring and autumn, and summer and autumn (p < 0.0001) in all years and between spring and summer in 2016 (p < 0.005), 2017 (p < 0.05). B. transfuga abundance differed significantly between the seasons over the three years only in spring (p ≤ 0.0001).

scholarly journals Analysis of Long Term Temperature Trend for Madhya Pradesh, India (1901-2005)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Rituraj Shukla ◽  
Deepak Khare ◽  
Priti Tiwari ◽  
Prabhash Mishra ◽  
Sakshi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Temperature Time Series ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Monotonic Trend ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temperature Time

The paper examines the impact of climatic change on the mean temperature time series for Pre-monsoon (Mar-May), Monsoon (Jun-Sept), Post-monsoon (Oct-Nov), winter (Dec-Feb) and Annual (Jan-Dec) at 45 stations in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Impact detection is accomplished by using the Mann-Kendall method to find out the monotonic trend and Sen’s slope is method is to identify the grandeur of trend for the period 1901 to 2005 (105 years). Prior to the trend analysis prominence of eloquent lag-1 serial correlation are eradicated from data by the pre-whitening method. In addition, shift year change has also been examined in the study using Pettitt’s test. From 45 stations, most of the station show symbolic hike trend at 5% significance level in the mean temperature time series for Madhya Pradesh region. During peak summer months the maximum temperature touches 40°C in the entire Madhya Pradesh. The magnitudes of annual increase in temperature in the majority of the stations are about 0.01°C.The analysis in the present study indicated that the change point year of the significant upward shift changes was 1963 for annual mean temperature time series, which can be very useful for water resources planners in the study area. The finding of the study provides more insights and inputs for the better understanding of regional temperature and shift behavior in the study area.

scholarly journals First Benedicks Effect in Gas-Free Mercury, as Influenced by the Mean Temperature

Nature ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 145 (3665) ◽  
pp. 148-148
Author(s):  
C. BENEDICKS ◽  
P. SEDERHOLM
Keyword(s):  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean

Mean Temperature Difference Charts for Air Coolers

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pignotti ◽  
G. O. Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Water Ratio

Computer generated graphs are presented for the mean temperature difference in typical air cooler configurations, covering the combinations of numbers of passes and rows per pass of industrial interest. Two sets of independent variables are included in the graphs: the conventional one (heat capacity water ratio and cold fluid effectiveness), and the one required in an optimization technique of widespread use (hot fluid effectiveness and the number of heat transfer units). Flow arrangements with side-by-side and over-and-under passes, frequently found in actual practice, are discussed through examples.

THE TEMPERATURES OF SURFACE FIRES IN JACK PINE BARREN: I. THE VARIATION IN TEMPERATURE WITH TIME

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1285-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Smith ◽  
John H. Sparling
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Surface Fires ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The temperatures of 18 fires in an open jack pine barren near Timmins, Ontario, have been recorded. The maximum temperature recorded was 545 °C, although in other determinations fire temperatures in excess of 1000 °C were reached. The mean temperature of all fires was 340.6 ± 133.2 °C. Three fires at 230, 345, and 545 °C were considered in detail.The maximum temperature of a fire was normally recorded at heights of 5 cm or 10 cm above the surface. Maximum temperatures of hotter fires usually occurred at greater heights than cooler ones. Duration and the temperature ("intensity") of the fire are important aspects of fire studies.

The Influence of Indoor Environmental Factors on the Prevalence of House Dust Mites as Aeroallergens in Bandar Abbas Student Dormitories, South of Iran, 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Zare ◽  
Mehdi Hassani-Azad ◽  
Moussa Soleimani-Ahmadi ◽  
Raziea Majnoon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
House Dust ◽  
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Dermatophagoides Farinae ◽  
Floor Covering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bandar Abbas ◽  
Cheyletus Malaccensis

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors on the prevalence of house dust mites in student dormitories of Bandar Abbas city. In this study, 64 dust samples were collected from seven randomly selected dormitories located in various areas of the Bandar Abbas. The collected mites were isolated and mounted in Hoyer’s medium and identified using a morphological key. The associations between the environmental factors and the density of house dust mites were investigated. In total, 1,093 adult mites were collected and identified. They consisted of four species including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Trouessart (57.6%), Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes (24.3%) and Dermatophagoides evansi Fain (14.9%) (Acari: Pyroglyphidae), and Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans (3.2%) (Acari: Cheyletidae). All of the dormitories were contaminated by more than one house dust mites species and the mean density of house dust mites in dormitories was 8.3 ± 0.2 mites/g of dust. There was a significant relationship between average house dust mites density and some of environmental factors such as relative humidity, temperature, floor covering type, and number of occupants (P &lt; 0.05). Results of this study revealed that two major allergenic dust mites, D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, were the most prevalent and collected from all of dormitories and some of indoor environmental factors found to influence mites’ population.

Implicit LES for Shaped-Hole Film Cooling Flow

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Oliver ◽  
Joshua B. Anderson ◽  
David G. Bogard ◽  
Robert D. Moser ◽  
Gregory Laskowski
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Vortex Pair ◽  
Cooling Flow ◽  
Blowing Ratio ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Cooling Hole ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adiabatic Effectiveness

Results of a recent joint experimental and computational investigation of the flow through a plenum-fed 7-7-7 shaped film cooling hole are presented. In particular, we compare the measured adiabatic effectiveness and mean temperature against implicit large eddy simulation (iLES) for blowing ratio approximately 2, density ratio 1.6, and Reynolds number 6000. The results overall show reasonable agreement between the iLES and the experimental results for the adiabatic effectiveness and gross features of the mean temperature field. Notable discrepancies include the centerline adiabatic effectiveness near the hole, where the iLES under-predicts the measurements by Δη ≈ 0.05, and the near-wall temperature, where the simulation results show features not present in the measurements. After showing this comparison, the iLES results are used to examine features that were not measured in the experiments, including the in-hole flow and the dominant fluxes in the mean internal energy equation downstream of the hole. Key findings include that the flow near the entrance to the hole is highly turbulent and that there is a large region of backflow near the exit of the hole. Further, the well-known counter-rotating vortex pair downstream of the hole is observed. Finally, the typical gradient diffusion hypothesis for the Reynolds heat flux is evaluated and found to be incorrect.

On the number of leaves of a euclidean minimal spanning tree

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Steele ◽  
Lawrence A. Shepp ◽  
William F. Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Spanning Trees ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Minimal Spanning Tree ◽  
Absolutely Continuous ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vertex Degrees ◽  
Minimal Spanning Trees

Let Vk,n be the number of vertices of degree k in the Euclidean minimal spanning tree of Xi, , where the Xi are independent, absolutely continuous random variables with values in Rd. It is proved that n–1Vk,n converges with probability 1 to a constant α k,d. Intermediate results provide information about how the vertex degrees of a minimal spanning tree change as points are added or deleted, about the decomposition of minimal spanning trees into probabilistically similar trees, and about the mean and variance of Vk,n.

scholarly journals VI.—The Body-Temperature of Fishes and other Marine Animals.

1908 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutherland Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
First Year ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Image Position

SUMMARYThe body-temperature of the following fishes, crustaceans, and echinoderms has been examined and compared with the temperature of the water in which they live:—Cod-fish (Gadus morrhua), ling (Molva vulgaris), torsk (Brosmius brosme), coal-fish or saithe (Gadus virens), haddock (Gadus œgelfinus), flounder (Pleuronectes flesus), smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), dog-fish (Scyllium catulus), shore crab (Carcinus mœnas), edible crab (Cancer pagurus), lobster (Homarus vulgaris), sea-urchin (Echinus esculentus), and starfish (Asterias rubens). The minimum, maximum, and mean temperature difference for each species are given in the following table:—The excess of temperature is most evident in the larger specimens. This is well shown in the case of the coal-fish, where in the adult it was 0°·7 C., and in the great majority (11 out of 12) of the young of the first year, 0°·0 C. The body-weight and the conditions under which the fish are captured probably form the most important factors in determining the temperature difference.In 14 codfish, where the rectal, blood, and muscle temperatures were recorded in the same individual, it was found to be highest in the muscle and lowest in the rectum, the mean temperature difference being 0°·46 C. for the muscle, 0°·41 C for the blood, and 0°·36 C. for the rectum.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Tympanic Thermometry for diagnosing Acute Otitis Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Ghulam Saqulain ◽  
Arfat Jawaid
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Ear Wax ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is a common upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in children and usually presents with fever and otalgia. AOM is characterized by congested tympanic membrane and possible increase in temperature, which might be picked up by infrared tympanic thermometry. The objective of this study was to compare the temperature difference of tympanic membrane of affected ear with the unaffected ear and axilla in unilateral acute otitis media, and compare it with the control group.Material and Methods: This case control study comprised of 200 cases of both genders, aged up to 5 years. They were divided into two groups; Group A included 100 clinically diagnosed cases of acute otitis media (AOM), who reported in the ENT Outpatient Department (OPD) and Group B included 100 controls who presented in General Filter Clinic with no ear complaints. Cases with chronic ear disease, ear discharge, and use of local drugs including ear drops, impacted ear wax, tragal tenderness and congenital malformations of the ear were excluded by taking a detailed history. Clinical examination including otoscopy by an expert was done before subjecting patients to axillary and tympanic thermometry measurements and data recording. Data was collected and tabulated using Microsoft Excel Worksheet and analyzed by SPSS 16. Qualitative data like gender were presented as percentage and ratio, while means and standard deviation were calculated for the quantitative data. Difference between the means of experimental and control groups were analyzed by independent sample t-test and P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: This study included 100 cases of unilateral AOM and 100 normal controls without AOM. In patients with AOM, the mean temperature difference between the affected ear and axilla was 1.41ºF as compared to 0.075ºF in controls (p=0.026). While the mean temperature difference between the affected ear and other ear was 0.65ºF as compared to 0.19ºF in controls (p=0.069).Conclusion: In acute otitis media, the temperature of affected ear is significantly higher than axilla but was not significantly higher than the other ear. The finding may help establish thermometry as a diagnostic tool in clinics manned by doctors not competent to do otoscopy.

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