scholarly journals Anti-microbial sensitivity and resistance of organisms in blood-culture samples from prolonged fever cases: evidence from a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2173
Author(s):  
Somanjana Ghosh ◽  
Arista Lahiri ◽  
Siddhartha Bera ◽  
Soumyajyoti Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

Background: Currently there is a rise in resistance to anti-microbials which is a matter of concern in treatment of systemic infections. Blood culture is considered “gold standard” in diagnosis of suspected systemic infection. The susceptibility to antibiotics thereafter determine the future course of treatment. The current study aims to find out the sensitivity and resistance pattern of the blood culture isolates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on the blood culture samples sent within 24hours of admission of the adult patients reporting fever for 7 days or more with no history of consumption of any antibiotics within last month. Total 134 blood samples were analysed. The proportion of sensitivity and resistance to anti-bacterial agents was calculated among those samples which showed growth in the culture. Background information of the patients in terms of age, sex and religion were also noted.Results: Mean age of the patients was 39.33 (±12.19) years. Overall 47.76% were female patients and remaining were male. Among the Hindu patients majority were male while among Muslims majority were female. Of the total number of blood cultures examined 46.27% showed growth of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently found bacteria isolated in cultures, followed by coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. Of the frequently used antibiotics, higher sensitivity was seen with vancomycin, amikacin, netilmycin, imipenem, gentamicin. High resistance was observed in use of antibiotics like cefixime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and azithromycin.Conclusions: High level of resistance to several commonly used advanced antibiotics warrant judicial and evidence-based use of these drugs. 

Fluoroquinolones Resistance Among Bacterial Uropathogens In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1137-1141
Author(s):  
Dharm Raj Bhatta ◽  
Rajani Shrestha ◽  
Deependra Hamal ◽  
Supram HS ◽  
Niranjan Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common clinical illnesses in developing countries. Most of the infections are treated empirically due to unavailability of laboratory facilities. Fluoroquinolones are frequently used for empirical treatment of UTIs. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial uropathogens, especially to fluoroquinolones. Methodology: This hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 2450 mid stream urine samples were included in this study.  Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by standard microbiological techniques. Results: Significant bacteriuria was detected in 258 (10.5%), insignificant bacteruria in 614 (25%), growth of multiple organisms in 238 (9.7%) while no growth was recorded in 1340 (54.7%) samples. E coli was the commonest isolate followed by Klebsiella species. Fluoroquinolones resistance among Gram negative isolates was high. Most of the Gram negative isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin and imipenem. Conclusion: High resistance to fluoroquinolones, cotrimoxazole and cephalosporins dictates these to be unsuitable for empirical treatment of UTIs. Amikacin, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin and imipenem were the most effective antibacterials.

scholarly journals Pattern of Antibiotic Sensitivity in Enteric Fever: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Rahat Afroze ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Md. Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
Hasna Fahmima Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Objectives: To describe the antibiotic sensitivity pattern ofSalmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi from blood culture specimens. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Medicine, BIRDEM from July 2009 to June 2012. Standard laboratory and microbiological procedures were followed for blood culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Results: Among the 97 blood culture positive samples, S. typhi was 71 (73.2%) and S. paratyphi was 26 (26.8%). Multi-drug resistant strains of S. typhi and S. paratyphi were 23 (32.4%) and 3 (11.5%) cases respectively. Azithromycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and amoxicillin resistance was also found in a good number of cases (S. typhi and S. paratyphi: 71.8% and 57.7%, 42.3% and 30.8%, 38% and 34.6%, 38% and 26.9% and 38% and 26.9% cases respectively). Nineteen (31.1%) of the 61ciprofloxacin sensitive organisms were resistant to nalidixic acid. Ceftriaxone was sensitive in 100% of S. typhi and S. paratyphi. Cefixim, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem were among the most common sensitive antibiotics (S. typhi and S. paratyphi: 83.1% and 73.1%, 62% and 65.4%, 53.5% and 65.4%, 76.1% and 65.4% cases respectively). Conclusion: Ceftriaxone was the most sensitive antibiotic for treating enteric fever followed by cefixim, imipenem and ciprofloxacin. However, in suspected cases of enteric fever, blood culture should be requested before prescribing antibiotic.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i2.20684 J MEDICINE 2014; 15 : 122-124

scholarly journals IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS-A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY, INDIA.

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Reshma Anegundi ◽  
Talari Rajeswari ◽  
Arathi C A ◽  
Raghavendra M S
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distribution Width

Aims and Objectives: To analyze various hematological parameters in Covid-19 infected patients. Patients/Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, single centre cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, located in a tri-state region. Data was collected from patients admitted in Covid-19 ward and ICU between 28 July to 7 September 2020, confirmed positive for Covid-19 infection. Basic demographic data was collected from Laboratory Information System(LIS) of our hospital . Whole blood EDTA sample sent from Covid-19 ward and ICU were processed in LH780/DXH 500(Beckman coulter) for complete blood counts. Further patients laboratory features were analyzed . Results: Findings of 338 patients, both from ward and ICU, showed varied hematological parameters. Demographic data revealed age range from 1day to 86 years. Males constituted 205(60.65%) and females 133(39.34%).Complete blood count showed Hemoglobin(Hb) concentration ranged from 5.8 -18.5gm/dL and median value 13.6gm/dL. Red cell distribution width(RDW) ranged from 11.4-39.9% with median value of 13.6%. Leucocytosis was observed in 13.9% of patients, high absolute neutrophil count in 15.6% ,high Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio(NLR) in 10.05% patients and eosinophil count ranged from 0-15.3%. Conclusion: Baseline alterations in CBC parameters of 10-15% of patients in the present study along with articles reviewed from various countries indicate Covid -19 infection causes systemic infection involving multiple organs and systems.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterisation, Virulence Determination and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Enterococcus Species Isolated from Clinical Specimen in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhendu Sikdar ◽  
Sampa Sadhukhan ◽  
Amit Kumar Majumdar ◽  
Somnath Bhunia ◽  
Soma Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Phenotypic Characterisation ◽  
High Level

Introduction: Enterococci are usually normal human commensal of gastrointestinal tract predominantly. They are considered as an important nosocomial pathogen now a day due to its intrinsic as well as increasing acquired antibiotic resistance resulting in a great threat to modern Medicine. Aim: To determine prevalence of Enterococci isolated from clinical specimens with special reference to its virulence and antibiogram conventionally. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over a period of two years (January 2019 to December 2020) with 326 Enterococci, isolated from various clinical specimens received by Department of Microbiology. Enterococci isolated from stool samples were excluded. They were identified and speciated conventionally as per standard laboratory protocol. Gelatinase, haemolysin and biofilm formation was determined for each isolate. Their antibiogram was also determined by disc diffusion methods over Blood agar followed by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing (as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline). All statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test using Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: Among the total 4516 samples collected, growth of Enterococci was noted in 7.22% cases. Out of them, E. faecalis (84.05%) out numbered E. faecium. Urine was the most predominant (55.22%) sample. 73.93% isolates produced biofilm whereas 18.40% produced haemolysin and 19.94% produced gelatinase. Most of the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (94.79%) and linezolid (98.77%). High level gentamicin resistance was seen in 54.6% cases. Ciprofloxacin was the most resistant antibiotic. Vancomycin Resistance Enterococcus (VRE) was detected in 5.21% cases only, out of which Van A type was detected phenotypically in most cases. Conclusion: The high rate of resistance to high-level gentamicin could fail treatment of gentamicin in combination with penicillin group of antibiotics. In clinical samples, the emergence of VRE strains makes treatment options more challenging.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

A Cross-sectional Study of Undiagnosed Fever in a Rural Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital of West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Chatterjee ◽  
Supratick Chakraborty ◽  
Mainak Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sinjon Ghosh ◽  
Bikramjit Barkandaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The pattern of thyroiditis in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nearmeen M. Rashad ◽  
Marwa G. Amer ◽  
Waleed M. Reda Ashour ◽  
Hassan M. Hassanin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with varied clinical features. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) of MS associated with different types of thyroiditis. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in MS and to investigate the association between DMDs and the risk of thyroiditis in MS. A cross-sectional study included 100 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in relapse, and the diagnosed was according to revised McDonald’s criteria 2010. Results Our results revealed that the prevalence of thyroiditis was 40%; autoimmune (34%) and infective (6%) among patients with RRMS in relapse and cerebellar symptoms were significantly higher in patients with thyroiditis compared to patients without thyroiditis. Regarding the association between DMDs and thyroiditis, the prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1b was higher in MS patients with thyroiditis compared to MS patients without thyroiditis. However, the prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1a was lower in MS patients with thyroiditis compared to MS patients without thyroiditis. In addition, we found CMV infection was more common in patients treated by interferon beta-1b and candida infection was common in patients treated by fingolimod. Conclusions Thyroiditis is commonly observed in patients with RRMS in relapse and higher prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1b which is commonly associated with thyroiditis and CMV infection; however, candida thyroid infection was common in MS patients treated by fingolimod.

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