Efficacy of standardized novel Boswellia serrata extract in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model - potential use in gut health management

Background: Objective of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties of a novel standardized Boswellia serrata extract–bsRx (developed using natural excipients and designed to have specific ratio of its major actives, viz. AKBA and BBA) in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced IBD model in BALB/c mice.Methods: Animals (BALB/c mice) in control (CL) group were administered vehicle; DSS-induced colitis group (DSS group), 2.5 % DSS; and Boswellia serrata group (BS group) received DSS, for inducing colitis, together with a novel standardized extract of Boswellia serrata (41 mg/kg, 4.1 mg/ml solution in distilled water) for 10 days. Reference group (SS group) received DSS with sulfasalazine (30 mg/kg, 3.0 mg/ml suspension in distilled water) for 10 days. Clinical assessment for disease activity index (DAI), histopathological examination and hematological assessments were performed.Results: Treatment with Boswellia serrata showed significant reduction in the DAI score on day 10 compared to the DSS group (2.49±0.93 versus 3.63±0.55, p≤0.05). Body weight (18.54±2.21 gm versus 17.05±3.53 gm) and colon length (6.8±0.9 cm versus 7.6±0.6 cm, p≤0.05) also improved in the BS group compared to DSS group, respectively. Histological scoring of colitis was lower in the BS group (10.1±1.37). There was no difference in leukotriene levels between groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: Treatment with novel Boswellia serrata extract improved colon length, DAI and histological scoring index in DSS-induced colitis in IBD mice models. Our results indicate the promising potential of novel Boswellia extract in IBD and gut health management.

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Ethanol Extract ofCordyceps militarisGrown on Germinated Soybeans Attenuates Dextran-Sodium-Sulfate- (DSS-) Induced Colitis by Suppressing the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Inflammatory Mediators

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/102918 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dong Ki Park ◽

Hye-Jin Park

Keyword(s):

Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Treated Group ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Protective Agent ◽

Colon Tissue

The effect ofCordyceps militaris(CM) grown on germinated soybeans (GSC) in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model was studied. To demonstrate the preventive effect of GSC extract in a dextran-sodium-sulfate- (DSS-) induced acute colitis mouse model, GSC was administered 2 days before DSS coadministration. GSC significantly suppressed DSS-induced disease activity index (DAI) as well as histopathological scores, compared to control or CM-treated group. To elucidate the anti-IBD activity of GSC, we checked the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory mediators. GSC extract decreased the level of MMP-3 and -9 mRNAs and p53 proteins. The level and activity of LPS-induced MMP-9 were reduced in GSC-treated RAW264.7 cells. It also attenuated the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)αmRNAs both in colon tissue and in macrophage cells. These results suggest that GSC can be applied as a protective agent against IBDs.

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Anti-inflammatory Bifidobacterium strains prevent dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis and associated gut microbial dysbiosis in mice

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-75702-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shashank Singh ◽

Ruchika Bhatia ◽

Pragyanshu Khare ◽

Shikha Sharma ◽

Sivasubramanian Rajarammohan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Spleen Weight ◽

Lipocalin 2 ◽

Weight Percentage ◽

Microbial Dysbiosis

Abstract Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis are common inflammatory conditions associated with Inflammatory bowel disease. Owing to the importance of diet based approaches for the prevention of inflammatory gut conditions, the present study was aimed to screen the human isolates of Bifidobacterium strains based on their ability to reduce LPS-induced inflammation in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells and to evaluate prioritized strains for their preventive efficacy against ulcerative colitis in mice. Twelve out of 25 isolated strains reduced the production of LPS-induced nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, three strains, B. longum Bif10, B. breve Bif11, and B. longum Bif16 conferred protection against dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis in mice. The three strains prevented shortening of colon, spleen weight, percentage body weight change and disease activity index relative to colitis mice. Lower levels of Lipocalin-2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and improved SCFA levels were observed in Bifidobacterium supplemented mice relative to DSS counterparts. Bacterial composition of B. longum Bif10 and B. breve Bif11 fed mice was partly similar to the normal mice, while DSS and B. longum Bif16 supplemented mice showed deleterious alterations. At the genus level, Bifidobacterium supplementation inhibited the abundances of pathobionts such as Haemophilus, Klebsiella and Lachnospira there by conferring protection.

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Salvia miltiorrhiza Ameliorates Disease Progression in Dextran-Sodium-Sulfate Induced Colitis in Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1006608/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Chen ◽

Danyu Chen ◽

Lu Cheng ◽

YongKang Yang ◽

Weidong Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Activity Index ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM, or Danshen) extract has been approved by China FDA for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases owing to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. Whether SM may be used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains elusive. In the current study, Dextran-Sodium-Sulfate (DSS) induced colitis in mice was used as a model of IBD, and SM was given orally for 7 days. SM administration has significantly reduced the disease activity index (DAI) score and weight lost and colon shortening in the DSS-induced colitis mice. The macrophage infiltration was significantly reduced in the SM treatment group. To explore the mechanisms, macrophage processor cell line Raw 264.7 was used to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of SM. SM treatment inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation in RAW264.7 cells and significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory factors. The current study provided evidence that oral administration of SM ameliorates pathological deterioration of IBD in mice, and warrants future clinical application of SM for the management of IBD.

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Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Gut Microbiota Modulation of Porphyra tenera Extracts in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9100988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 988

Author(s):

Jungman Kim ◽

Jae Ho Choi ◽

Gwangpyo Ko ◽

Hyejun Jo ◽

Taehwan Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Activity Index ◽

Glyoxylate Cycle ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Porphyra Tenera ◽

Hepatoprotective Effects ◽

Metabolic Activities ◽

Anti Inflammation

Porphyra tenera (PT) is a functional seaweed food that has been reported for health benefits such as antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of PT extracts on gut microbiota modulation in colitis-induced mice. The mice experiment was designed as three groups including normal mice (CTL), dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-fed mice, and DSS plus PT extracts-fed mice (PTE). DSS was administrated through drinking water containing DSS for 1 week, and the PT extract was ingested into the gastrointestinal tract in mice. PT extract ameliorated the decreased body weight and colon length and improved disease activity index and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, PT extract significantly shifted the gut microbiota of mice. DSS treatment significantly increased the portion of harmful bacteria (i.e., Helicobacter, Mucipirillum, and Parasutterella) and decreased the butyrate producing bacteria (i.e., Acetatifactor, Alistipes, Oscillibacter, and Clostridium_XIVb). PT extract increased the abundance of genera Clostridium_XIVb and also enriched some of predicted metabolic activities such as glyoxylate cycle, ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway, nitrate reduction, creatinine degradation, and glycine betaine metabolism. These results suggest that PT extract may ameliorate the DSS-induced colitis inflammation through regulating the compositions and functions of gut microbiota in mice.

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Different Mechanism and Efficacy of Dextran-Sodium Sulfate and 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulphonic Acid in Modeling Ulcerative Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-601785/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qiaobo YE ◽

Zhen YE ◽

Mingquan WU ◽

Kaihua QIN ◽

Fating LU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Chronic Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Sulphonic Acid ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Trinitrobenzene Sulphonic Acid

Abstract Background and Aims: Dextran-sodium sulfate and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid are common modeling methods in studying ulcerative colitis. Little attention has been paid to the mechanism differences between the two approaches. Here, we aim to compare the mechanisms and efficacy of these two models and wish to provide fundamental proves for choosing ideal ulcerative colitis models. Methods: Dextran-sodium sulfate and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid were applied to induce the colitis in C57BL/6 mice for seven days. Body weight and disease activity index were assessed. Hematology was detected by routine blood test. Histopathology was analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining section. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the cytokines protein levels and mRNA levels. Flow cytometry were used to detect the cycles and subsets of splenic cells. Results: Dextran-sodium sulfate induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice showed higher acute immune activities, while 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colitis showed chronic immune activities with high platelet amounts and activation. Dextran-sodium sulfate is more suitable for modeling acute ulcerative colitis. On the contrary, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid is more appropriate for modeling chronic ulcerative colitis. Conclusions: Dextran-sodium sulfate treatment within 7 days in C57BL/6 mice is a suitable experimental model for studying human acute ulcerative colitis with immune response, fecal blood and acute pathogenic damage. Conversely, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid treatment within 7 days is more appropriate for studying human chronic ulcerative colitis with hypercoagulable state, IL-2 over-expression state and chronic pathogenic damage.

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Paeonol alleviates dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis involving Candida albicans-associated dysbiosis

Medical Mycology ◽

10.1093/mmy/myaa053 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuzhu Ge ◽

Min Pan ◽

Chuanfeng Zhang ◽

Changzhong Wang ◽

Kelong Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Colonic Tissue ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disorder

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Occurrence and development of UC have been associated with multiple potential causative factors, which include fungal dysbiosis. Growing evidence reveals that Candida albicans-associated dysbiosis is correlated with clinical deterioration in UC. Paeonol (PAE) is a commonly used traditional medicine with multiple reported properties including effective alleviation of UC. In this study, a murine UC model was established by colonizing mice with additional C. albicans via gavage prior to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) administration. Effects of PAE treatment were also assessed at initiation and in preestablished C. albicans-associated colitis. The results showed that C. albicans supplementation could aggravate disease activity index (DAI), compromise mucosal integrity, exacerbate fecal and tissue fungal burdens, increase serum β-glucan and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) levels, promote serum and colonic tissue pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) and decrease the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level. It also stimulated Dectin-1, TLR2 and TLR4 as well as expression of their downstream effector NF-κB in colonic tissue. After PAE treatment, the adverse impacts of C. albicans on colitis were relieved, via decreased receptor-associated local and systemic inflammation. Our study suggests that PAE should be a candidate for treatment of fungal dysbiosis-associated UC and may act through the Dectin-1/NF-κB pathway in collaboration with TLR2 and TLR4. Lay Summary Candida albicans is believed to be an important stimulator in ulcerative colitice (UC) development. Suppressing the growth of intestinal C. albicans can be contributory to the amelioration of UC. Paeonol (PAE) is a commonly used traditional medicine with multiple biological functions. In this study, we observed that PAE could alleviate symptoms in mice UC model accompanying with burden reduction of C. albicans. Therefore, we suppose that PAE can be a candidate in the treatment of C. albicans-associated UC.

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The effect of algal polysaccharides laminarin and fucoidan on colonic pathology, cytokine gene expression and Enterobacteriaceae in a dextran sodium sulfate-challenged porcine model

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2016.4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. J. O'Shea ◽

J. V. O'Doherty ◽

J. J. Callanan ◽

D. Doyle ◽

K. Thornton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Proximal Colon ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Mrna Abundance ◽

Cytokine Gene Expression ◽

Distilled Water ◽

The Impact ◽

Algal Polysaccharides

AbstractThe algal polysaccharides laminarin (LAM) and fucoidan (FUC) have potent anti-inflammatory activities in the gastrointestinal tract. Our objective was to examine the impact of prior consumption of LAM and/or FUC on pathology and inflammation following a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) challenge in pigs. Pigs (n 7/group) were assigned to one of five experimental groups for 56 d. From 49–55 d, distilled water or DSS was administered intragastrically. The experimental groups were: (1) basal diet + distilled water (control); (2) basal diet + DSS (DSS); (3) basal diet + FUC + DSS (FUC + DSS); (4) basal diet + LAM + DSS (LAM + DSS); and (5) basal diet + LAM + FUC + DSS (LAMFUC + DSS). The DSS group had decreased body-weight gain (P < 0·05) and serum xylose (P < 0·05), and increased proximal colon pathology score (P < 0·05), diarrhoeal score (P < 0·001) and colonic Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0·05) relative to the control group. The FUC + DSS (P < 0·01), LAM + DSS (P < 0·05) and LAMFUC + DSS (P < 0·05) groups had improved diarrhoeal score, and the LAMFUC + DSS (P < 0·05) group had improved body weight relative to the DSS group. The FUC + DSS group (P < 0·001), LAM + DSS group (P < 0·05) and LAMFUC + DSS group (P < 0·001) had lower IL-6 mRNA abundance relative to the DSS group. The LAM + DSS group had reduced Enterobacteriaceae in proximal colon digesta relative to the DSS group (P < 0·05). In conclusion, FUC or a combination of FUC and LAM improved body-weight loss, diarrhoeal scores and clinical variables associated with a DSS challenge in pigs, in tandem with a reduction in colonic IL-6 mRNA abundance.

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Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats: Ameliorated by Otostegia fruticosa

Life ◽

10.3390/life11030195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Mohd Nazam Ansari ◽

Najeeb Ur Rehman ◽

Aman Karim ◽

Gamal A. Soliman ◽

Majid A. Ganaie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Inflammatory Score ◽

Tnf Α

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes irritation, inflammation, and ulceration in the linings of the colon and rectum. Otostegia fruticosa is traditionally used to treat various disorders in different parts of the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa. In the present study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of crude leaves extract of O. fruticosa (OF.Cr) on acetic acid (AA)-induced UC model in Wistar albino rats. Wistar rats were administered orally with either vehicle (10 mL/kg), OF.Cr (200 and 400 mg/kg), or prednisolone (2 mg/kg) once a day for 6 days. On day 6, UC was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of a single dose of 5% AA (1.0 mL). Disease activity index (DAI) was recorded after one day of colitis induction by assessing the symptoms of colitis and then the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and colon tissues were isolated for the histopathological examination and biochemical analysis of oxidative stress parameters and cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α). OF.Cr pretreatment exhibits significant prevention against UC, as confirmed by a significant decrease of DAI, colonic ulceration, and reduced inflammatory score as compared to the AA-induced colitis rats. Depletion of total glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activities in the colitis group was significantly restored in the OF.Cr treated groups, while increased lipid peroxidation in the colon tissues was significantly reduced. OF.Cr prevented the activation of the IL-6 and TNF-α pathways in the colonic tissues, which were clearly observed by the decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the OF.Cr treated animals. Hence, OF.Cr could be developed in the future for the treatment of UC.

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Development of Anti-inflammatory Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901 as Kimchi Starter: in vitro and In vivo Evidence

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.760476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hee Seo ◽

Hyunbin Seong ◽

Ga Yun Kim ◽

Yu Mi Jo ◽

Seong Won Cheon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activity Index ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Fermented Foods ◽

Gut Health ◽

Gut Barrier Function ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. In this study, we developed an anti-inflammatory probiotic starter, Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901, for use in kimchi fermentation. The EFEL6901 strain was safe for use in foods and was stable under human gastrointestinal conditions. In in vitro experiments, EFEL6901 cells adhered well to colonic epithelial cells and decreased nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. In in vivo experiments, oral administration of EFEL6901 to DSS-induced colitis mice models significantly alleviated the observed colitis symptoms, prevented body weight loss, lowered the disease activity index score, and prevented colon length shortening. Analysis of these results indicated that EFEL6901 played a probiotic role by preventing the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improving gut barrier function, and up-regulating the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, EFEL6901 made a fast growth in a simulated kimchi juice and it synthesized similar amounts of metabolites in nabak-kimchi comparable to a commercial kimchi. This study demonstrates that EFEL6901 can be used as a suitable kimchi starter to promote gut health and product quality.

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