scholarly journals Comparison of metformin and N-acetylcysteine on metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Ali ◽  
Gita Radhakrishnan ◽  
Alpana Singh
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Study Results

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease that affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age, in which hyperandrogenism (HA), enlarged cystic ovaries, and chronic anovulation often co-exist with obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (IR). There is a need for an alternative to metformin with minimal side effects to improve insulin sensitivity and correct dyslipidemia in PCOS patients.Methods: It was a prospective, Randomized controlled clinical trial. 116 PCOS patients, 58 each in two groups received either Metformin 500 mg TDS or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 600 mg TDS for 3 months. Clinical and biochemical parameters contributing to metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), FBS:FI, HOMA-IR and QUICKI) were assessed at the start and end of the study. Results were compared between the two groups.Results: Both treatment modalities resulted in a significant reduction in number of cases with IR (p=0.001) and MS. Fasting hyperinsulinemia improved in 15 % (p=0.12) and 30% (p=0.001) of patients while 12% (p=0.23) and 18% (p=0.049) improvement was seen in FBS:FI in MET and NAC group respectively. Similarly, improvement in HOMA-IR was 12% (p=0.30) and 32% (p=0.001) in MET and NAC group which is significant with NAC. QUICKI and impaired glucose tolerance showed significant improvement in both the groups with a p-value of 0.04 and 0.006, 0.035 and 0.046 respectively. Significant reduction was seen in triglycerides (p=0.048) in NAC group.Conclusions: NAC is equally efficacious as metformin in improving parameters of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome with minimal occasional side effects ensuring better compliance for a long-term therapy.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: reproductive aspects

2011 ◽  
pp. 1229-1234
Author(s):  
Sophie Catteau-Jonard ◽  
Cécile Gallo ◽  
Didier Didier
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulation and hyperandrogenism in women, affecting between 5 and 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide (1). Although this difficult topic in endocrine gynaecology is under extensive research, controversies still remain about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy of PCOS. The PCOS phenotype can be structured in three components: manifestations of anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and the metabolic syndrome (of which hyperinsulinaemia secondary to insulin resistance is the central abnormality). The latter two are addressed in other chapters. Our knowledge about the mechanism of disturbed folliculogenesis in PCOS that is responsible for its reproductive aspects has much increased these last years, thus opening new avenues for the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Case 11.1

2014 ◽  
pp. 531-532
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Secondary Amenorrhea ◽  
Increased Risk

28-year-old woman with secondary amenorrhea and hirsutism Axial fat-suppressed 2D SSFP images (Figure 11.1.1) demonstrate multiple follicles arranged in the periphery of the ovaries bilaterally. Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting between 6% and 15%, depending on the criteria used for diagnosis. It typically presents with anovulatory or oligo-ovulatory menstrual cycles leading to oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovaries, and clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism. PCOS is also associated with increased risk of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and infertility....

Reconsenting patients with cancer on clinical trials: Does added risk influence continued participation?

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15610-e15610
Author(s):  
A. Elegbede ◽  
A. Andrei ◽  
A. Andrei ◽  
K. D. Holen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Participation ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Study Results

e15610 Background: The general policy endorsed by multiple professional societies and cooperative groups regarding patients on cancer clinical trials states that subjects should be informed of new adverse events or significant developments during study participation and re-consented to continue on study. However, no information is known as to the effect of re-consenting on a patients’ decision to continue study participation. Our research question addresses how the severity of reported risk to other study participants will impact the subjects’ decision to continue participation in a clinical trial. Methods: We surveyed 34 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tumors all of whom were currently enrolled in a clinical trial. The survey portrayed hypothetical adverse reactions affecting another study participant ranging from Grade 1 to Grade 5 according to the National Cancer Institutes Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects v. 3.0. The survey asked about subjects’ opinions of the theoretical adverse event categorized as “would not be concerned,” “would be concerned, but would continue the study,” and “would discontinue the study.” Results: Patients willingness to continue the study was highest at Grade 1 with 97% of all participants. However, willingness to continue participation progressively declined as the severity of adverse events increased such that only 44% of participants would continue participation with a reported Grade 5 adverse event. Conclusions: Among surveyed GI cancer patients, willingness to continue participation in a clinical trial declined significantly as the severity of adverse events increased from Grade 1 to Grade 3 - 5 (p-value < 0.001. This could be due to multiple factors, including the terminal nature of the patients’ cancer, the side effects of study therapy and the patients’ response to study treatment. This data could produce a reasonable adverse event grade cut-off for re-consenting patients regarding new side effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Uric acid as a future biomarker in diagnosing metabolic syndrome patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1911-1915
Author(s):  
Shameela Majeed ◽  
Brig. Rizwan Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
R Value

Objectives: To determine the possible correlation between raised serum uric acid and various components of metabolic syndrome (Waist circumference, serum triglyceride, plasma HDL-C). Study Design: Descriptive case control. Setting: Army Medical College laboratory, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: One year (November 2014 to October 2015). Material and Methods: Total of 100 subjects were enrolled in this study. WHO criteria were applied for identifying the patients of metabolic syndrome. Fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile and serum uric acid levels were measured by using colorimetric enzymatic method. The formula of Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was applied to calculate Insulin resistance. Collected data was analyzed by using SPSS- Window version-17 for statistical analysis. Results: Serum uric acid levels were turned out to be high in metabolic syndrome patients (cases= 6.1±1.3mg/dL) when compared with controls (having no symptoms of MetS=3.6±1.2; p<0.001). Uric acid showed a statistically significant positive association with waist circumference (WC=r-value:0.250; p-value:0.000) and serum triglyceride (TG=r-value:0.341; p-value:0.000). Negative correlation had been found between plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C=r-value: -0.173; p-value:<0.01) with uric acid levels. Conclusion: Serum uric acid levels show a significant association with components of metabolic syndrome making it a powerful biomarker of metabolic syndrome and its various cardiometabolic complications.

scholarly journals A study of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at tertiary care center

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2427
Author(s):  
Chelsae Kuntal ◽  
Jyotsna Vyas ◽  
Asha Chaudhary ◽  
Sunita Hemani ◽  
Lata Rajoria
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age with prevalence of 6-10% which is characterized by hyper androgenic features and chronic oligo – anovulation and polycystic ovary morphology. Most women with polycystic ovary syndrome are also characterized by metabolic abnormalities like insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity, these forming risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical, biochemical and hormonal profile of polycystic ovary syndrome patients with and without metabolic syndrome.Methods: A comparative cross- sectional study was undertaken on 79 PCOS women diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, in which the clinical data and hormonal profile of two groups of polycystic ovary syndrome women with and without metabolic syndrome was compared.Results: The mean age of 79 patients in this study group with and without metabolic syndrome was 26.17±3.18 and 25.57±3.41 years respectively. There were more patients from urban areas as compared to rural areas and maximum patients. Significantly higher number of PCOS women with metabolic syndrome had hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans than those without metabolic syndrome. Mean value of Waist circumference, systolic BP pressure, diastolic BP, S. Triglyceride and fasting glucose were higher and HDL levels were lower in women with metabolic syndrome than those without metabolic syndrome. Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in PCOS women with metabolic syndrome in comparison to those without metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: PCOS is not only is the most frequent cause of anovulation, but it is also associated with characteristic metabolic disturbances that may have important implications for the long term health. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of endocrine disturbances, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. It is associated with a two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease and a five-fold increased risk of type 2 diabetes. This illustrates the importance of early detection of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome with subsequent application of preventive measures in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

scholarly journals Contraceptive Practice Among the Married Women of Reproductive Age in the Garments Factory

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-289
Author(s):  
Md. Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mahfuzar Rahman ◽  
Jasmin Ara Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
The Mean

Background: Bangladesh is a country having high density of population in the world. Its fertility rate ranges from 4.1 to 5.49 and life expectancy is 66years while the total fertility rate of Asia is 2.2 and life expectancy 70 years. This study was conducted to investigate the pattern of contraceptive practices among the married women of reproductive age in the garments factory. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out among 240 married women of reproductive age from January to June,2012 in the garments factory of Dhaka city . Data were collected on a pre-tested questionnaire by face to face interview. SPSS version 16 was used to analyzed the data. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant for inference. Results: The mean age of the study population was 29±6.5 years with the mean age at marriage of 17.18±2.7 years. 73(31%) were practicing some methods of contraception, while 167 (69%) were not using it. OCP (Oral Contraceptive Pill) was the commonest method of contraception followed by Condoms 12(5%), Injectable 12(5%), Implant 12(5%) & Tubectomy 6(3%). None was found using IUCD and Traditional method ( withdrawal, rhythm method ) and emergency contraceptive method. The use of contraceptives were more common in grand multipara (p<0.01), >35 years old ladies (p<0.05). No statistical association was found between the use of contraceptive method and educational status of the respondents and their husband. Non users of contraceptives in this study were 167 (69%) and the major reasons for the non use were intention to have more children 53(31.46%) followed by pressure from the husband 21(12.35%), prohibition by the religion 18 (10.9%) and desire for son 17 (10.11%). Among the 73 contraceptive users 38 (52%) experienced side effects with the use of contraceptives. The commonest side effects were menstrual irregularities 17(23.8%) followed by change in body weight 8(11.19%). Conclusion: Frequency of contraceptive use was found comparatively low among garments workers despite high level of awareness. Desire for larger family, religious concerns and fear of side effects were the main factors responsible for non users. Religious scholars must play their role in clarifying many aspects regarding contraceptives. KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-2, January 2013, Page 282-289 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i2.15168

scholarly journals Is it important to analyse serum liver enzymes in patients with established metabolic syndrome? A Pilot study to tie the knot

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Saumyajit Maiti ◽  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Female Subjects

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is one of theemerging health problems which is the major area of concern as it is not only a potential risk factor for some many diseases but it also affecting globally. It is a common multi-factorial disorder of metabolic derangements and prominent etiological factors for the development and progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The relation between elevated serum gamma-glutamyltranferase and metabolic syndrome, however, have been not well explored in a developing country like India. Aims and Objectives: The current study was designed to estimate the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in metabolic syndrome patients with age-sex matched healthy controls. Furthermore the relation of liver function status with the various biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome was explored.Materials and Methods: In this present only patients of metabolic syndrome were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of selecting cases. All the biochemical parameters were analysed using standard methods. Data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 20.0).  P value (p<0.05) was considered to be significant.Results: Of the 200 cases and controlsselected, the differences in serum GGT (p<0.001) and ALT (p=0.048) were statistically significant. In case of male subjects,study and controls groups were compared only for serum GGT level (p=0.032) and in case of female subjects, studyand controls were compared for serum ALT (p=0.027) and serum GGT level (p<0.001)and the differences were found to be highly significant. When male and female subjects of study group were compared, significant differences were observed in their serum ALT and GGT levels.Conclusion: Patients suspected of metabolic syndrome must also get their liver profile enzymes analysed as liver functionis also affected with metabolic syndrome and it could be an additional risk factor additive of metabolic syndrome. Early detection and management can be preventive and can have a better treatment modalities is managing patients with metabolic syndrome. It not only prevent disease progression but also prevents additional cost burden beard by the patients.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(3) 2017 35-40

scholarly journals Melatonin Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Metformin in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sattar J. Abood ◽  
Waleed K. Abdulsahib ◽  
Saad A. Hussain ◽  
Sajida H. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Once Daily

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of melatonin on the response of patients suffering from metabolic syndrome (MEBS) treated with metformin. Design: This study used two-armed groups in a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Materials and Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was carried out on female patients diagnosed as having MEBS, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) diagnosing criteria of MEBS (2005), from the outpatient clinic in Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital/Kut, Iraq. They were diagnosed utilizing laboratory and clinical investigations, then randomized into two groups. The first group (group A) was treated with metformin (500 mg) twice daily, in addition to a placebo formula once daily at bedtime for three months. The second group (group B) was treated with metformin (500 mg) twice daily after meals, in addition to melatonin (10 mg) once daily at bedtime for three months. Results: The treatment of patients with MEBS using metformin–melatonin showed an improvement in most MEBS components such as fasting serum glucose (FSG), lipid profile, and body mass index (BMI), in addition to a reduction in insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Simultaneously, there were increments in serum uric acid (UA), leptin, prolactin (PRL), and estradiol levels, while serum progesterone level decreased. Furthermore, patients treated with metformin–placebo showed less improvement in the studied parameters compared to that produced due to the inclusion of melatonin in the treatment protocol. Conclusion: Melatonin improves the effect of metformin on several components of MEBS such as FSG, lipid profile, and BMI, in addition to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, compared to metformin alone.

scholarly journals Comparative Effect of Vitamin D3 and Carbenoxolone Treatments in Metabolic Syndrome Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermine Saleh ◽  
Ansam Aly Seif ◽  
Ienass Bahaa ◽  
Enas A. Abdel-Hady
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglyemia. MetS is found to be a positive predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study was planned to test the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation as compared to cortisol inhibition on MetS parameters. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: controls, untreated MetS, and MetS treated with either vitamin D3 (10 μg/kg), or carbenoxolone (50 mg/kg). MetS was induced by combination of high fat diet and oral fructose. After the induction period (8 weeks), MetS was confirmed and treatment modalities started for a further 4 weeks. Compared to untreated MetS, vitamin D3 and carbenoxolone treated rats showed significant reduction in blood pressure, body mass index, lee index, waist circumference, retroperitoneal fat, and improvement of dyslipidemia. Meanwhile, treatment with carbenoxolone significantly lowered the elevated liver enzymes, vitamin D3 resulted in improved insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake by muscles and replenished glycogen content in the liver and muscles near control levels. In conclusion, although treatment with vitamin D3 or carbenoxolone reduced the risk factors associated with MetS, vitamin D3 was effective in ameliorating insulin resistance which is the hallmark of MetS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document