scholarly journals Diagnostic value of computed tomography in the patients of abdominal tuberculosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
B. S. Salooja ◽  
Sadhan Mukhi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) is a rare form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis which is clinically challenging. It remains difficult to diagnose due to the non-specific presentation, variable anatomical location and lack of sensitive diagnostic tools. To evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) in the patients of abdominal tuberculosis.Methods: This was a retrospective diagnostic study design. The study was conducted among adults aged>18 years of either gender with clinical suspected ATB. The detailed demographic and clinical history was noted on pre-designed proforma. After obtaining the history, the patient was subjected to general physical and systematic examinations. The patients were then subjected to radiological evaluation that included chest X-ray, X-ray of abdomen and CT.Results: A total of 55 clinically suspected adult cases of abdominal tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. 45 (81.8%) were found to be abdominal tuberculosis on final diagnosis. The abdominal tuberculosis was found to be higher in the age groups 21-40 years (64.4%).The abdominal tuberculosis was observed to be higher among female patients (62.2%) than males (37.8%). CT findings showed that the bowel wall thickening & narrowing and dilatation was found in 64.4% patients.Conclusions: ATB is still a diagnosis to consider in individuals presenting with abdominal symptoms in the developing world, particularly in patients from ethnic minorities. Diagnosis can be challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach with involvement from Radiology, Microbiology, Gastroenterology, Surgery, Infectious Diseases and Respiratory teams.

scholarly journals Mechanical and histomorphometrical evaluation of false and floating ribs of young adults with idiopathic scoliosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Głowacki Magdalena ◽  
Magdalena Tomanik ◽  
Celina Pezowicz ◽  
Hanna Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Corrective Surgery ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Two Age Groups

Purpose: The aim of this paper was to assess the histomorphometrical and mechanical properties of ribs in patients with idiopathic scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery of scoliosis combined with thoracoplasty. Methods: The analyzed material encompasses 20 females between the ages of 12 and 18, whose pre-operative Cobb angle was 56.85 degrees, on average. The participants were divided into two age groups, up to the age of 15 and above 15 years old, taking into account the anatomical location of the assessed rib fragments with a division into floating and false ribs. The analysis of mechanical parameters was carried out by means of the quasi-static 3-point bending test, and the histomorphometric evaluation of the examined rib fragments was carried out using high-resolution computed tomography. Results: The existence of explicit relationships between selected radiological parameters describing scoliosis and mechanical and histomorphometric parameters of the ribs has not been confirmed. Statistically significant correlations between age and rib stiffness as well as between Young’s modulus and stiffness depending on the anatomical location of the examined rib fragment were confirmed. Conclusions: Mechanical and histomorphometric properties of bone tissue in patients with scoliosis are not explicitly associated with the radiological parameters characterizing scoliosis.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography as a diagnostic tools to diagnose biliary atresia at Dr.Soetomo hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Gina Noor Djalilah ◽  
Reny Widayanti ◽  
Bagus Setyoboedi ◽  
Sjamsul Arief
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Cholestasis jaundice results from diminished bile flow and/or excretion, and caused by a number of disorders such as biliary atresia (BA). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is widely accepted as one of the modalities for biliary system imaging; however, liver biopsy still generally used for BA diagnosis, especially in developing countries. This aim study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of biliary atresia from MRCP compared to the result of a liver biopsy. A cross-sectional for diagnostic study documented of hospitalized patients from June 2014 to June 2015. All patients had MRCP and liver biopsy examination. The collection of data including age, gender, clinical manifestation and the result of MRCP and liver biopsy with ROC to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity was done. Liver biopsy revealed of biliary atresia was made based on proliferation, degeneration, and fibrosis of bile ducts. ROC to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity was done. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value of MRCP in diagnosing BA were calculated. There were 16 patients enrolled in this study with a median age of diagnosis was 6 months old (range 3-11). There were nine female patients out of the 16 patient. The median age of jaundice onset was 5 days (range 2-14 days). All patients had hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Histopathology from liver biopsy revealed biliary atresia in 12 patients. From the ROC curve, the sensitivity of MRCP was 87.5% and specificity 62.5% with PPV 70% and NPV 80%. Five patients underwent a Kasai procedure and revealed biliary atresia. MRCP is sensitive but not specific for diagnosing BA, and MRCP has moderate sensitivity and specificity for BA diagnosis.Keyword: biliary atresia, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, liver biopsy, diagnostic test.Correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRAKIkterus dikarenakan kolestasis terjadi akibat berkurangnya aliran empedu dan/ atau ekskresi, dan dapat disebabkan oleh sejumlah gangguan seperti atresia biliaris (BA). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) secara luas diterima sebagai salah satu modalitas untuk pencitraan sistem empedu, namun biopsi hati masih secara umum digunakan untuk diagnosis BA, terutama di negara berkembang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi nilai diagnostik atresia biliaris dari MRCP ke hasil biopsi hati. Sebuah cross sectional untuk studi diagnostik didokumentasikan pasien rawat inap dari Juni 2014 hingga Juni 2015. Semua pasien menjalani MRCP dan pemeriksaan biopsi hati. Data usia, jenis kelamin, manifestasi klinis dan hasil MRCP dan biopsi hati dengan ROC untuk mengevaluasi sensitivitas dan spesifisitas dilakukan. Biopsi hati mengungkapkan atresia biliar dibuat berdasarkan proliferasi, degenerasi dan fibrosis saluran empedu. ROC untuk mengevaluasi sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang dilakukan. Dilakukan perhitungan sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediktif negatif, nilai prediksi positif MRCP dalam mendiagnosis BA. Terdapat 16 pasien yang terdaftar dalam penelitian ini dengan median usia diagnosis adalah 6 (kisaran 3-11) bulan. Terdapat 9 perempuan dari 16 pasien tersebut. Usia rata-rata onset penyakit kuning adalah 5 (kisaran 2-14) hari. Semua pasien mengalami hepatomegali dan splenomegali. Histopatologi dari biopsi hati mengungkapkan atresia bilier pada 12 dari 16 pasien. Dari kurva ROC, sensitivitas MRCP adalah 87,5% dan spesifisitas 62,5% dengan PPV 70% dan NPV 80%. Lima pasien menjalani prosedur Kasai dan mengungkapkan atresia bilier. MRCP sensitif namun tidak spesifik untuk mendiagnosis BA dan MRCP memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas sedang untuk diagnosis BA.Kata kunci: biliary atresia, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, liver biopsy, diagnostic test.Korespondensi: [email protected]

Abdominal Tuberculosis in Children: Challenges, Uncertainty, and Confusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Sartoris ◽  
James A Seddon ◽  
Helena Rabie ◽  
Etienne D Nel ◽  
H Simon Schaaf
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Neglected Disease ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Abstract The diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is challenging, and the prevalence of abdominal TB in children is likely underestimated. It may present with nonspecific abdominal symptoms and signs, but children who present with pulmonary TB may have additional abdominal subclinical involvement. Diagnosis is specifically challenging because none of the available diagnostic tools provide adequate sensitivity and specificity. In this review, we summarize the best available evidence on abdominal TB in children, covering the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. We propose a diagnostic approach that could be followed for symptomatic children. We believe that a combination of investigations could be useful to both aid diagnosis and define the extent of the disease, and we propose that abdominal ultrasound should be used more frequently in children with possible TB and any abdominal symptoms. This neglected disease has received little attention to date, and further research is warranted.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of electrocardiography for ventricular septal defect

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Besse Sarmila ◽  
Burhanuddin Iskandar ◽  
Dasril Daud
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) in children requires attention from medical practitioners, because CHDs that are diagnosed early and treated promptly have good prognoses. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common type of congenital heart disease. Objective To compare the accuracy of electrocardiography (ECG) to echocardiography in diagnosing VSD. Methods This diagnostic study was conducted from November 2013 until July 2015. It involved patients with acyanotic CHDs who were suspected to have VSD at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi. Results Of 114 children screened, 97 were included and analyzed. The frequency of positive VSD was 69.1% based on ECG, and 99% based on echocardiography. There was a significant difference between ECG and echocardiography (P=0.000). However, when small VSDs were excluded, there was no significant difference between the two diagnostic tools [(P=1.000), Kappa value was 0.66, sensitivity was 98.5%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 50%]. Conclusion There were significant differences between the ECG and echocardiography, for diagnosing VSD. However, if small VSDs were not included in the analysis, there was no difference between the two examinations, suggesting that ECG might be useful for diagnosing VSD in limited facilities hospitals.

scholarly journals DESCRIPTION OF A NEW METHOD OF MEASURING THE PELVIC INCIDENCE ANGLE THROUGH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
MURILO TAVARES DAHER ◽  
RENATO FLEURY DI SOUZA LOPES ◽  
RENATO TAVARES DAHER ◽  
RICARDO TAVARES DAHER ◽  
NILO CARRIJO MELO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective To describe a more accurate method for measuring the pelvic incidence angle using computed tomography, without the influence of the positioning of the pelvis in relation to the X-ray tube. Methods Thirteen CT scans of the lumbosacral region, abdomen or pelvis were randomly assessed, as all these exams include the sacrum and femoral heads. All the exams were performed in multichannel devices with six channels. The technique of overlapping images, already common in other musculoskeletal exams, such as TT-TG, was used. The centered sagittal cut of the left femoral head, the center of S1, and the right femoral head were used. From these, a fourth image was created, analogous to an X-ray of the pelvis, from which measurements were taken using the dedicated software. Results Of the thirteen exams, three were of the lumbar spine and 10 were of the total abdomen, six of them being of males.. The mean age was 56 years. The mean PI was 45°, ranging from 31 to 81 degrees. Among the women, the mean was 52° (31 to 81°) and among the men, 38° (32 to 46°). Conclusion CT can be used to calculate the PI, using the technique of overlapping images common to other musculoskeletal exams, such as TT-TG. Level of Evidence IIIB. Diagnostic study; Retrospective study.

scholarly journals A prospective study of surgical management of Koch’s abdomen in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Shukla ◽  
Rajpal Kori ◽  
Rahul Shivhare ◽  
Lalit Dhurve ◽  
Sonveer Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Abdominal tuberculosis is the sixth most common form and is associated with serious complications like perforation and stricture formation.Methods: Observational and prospective study conducted in Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from September 2018 to September 2020 included 122 patients, between the age of 16 to 60 years who underwent surgical management of abdominal tuberculosis.Results: The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis was higher in young age groups mostly belonging to male sex. The most common presentation was of subacute intestinal obstruction. On surgical exploration ileocecal tuberculosis was the most common finding which was managed most commonly by segmental resection with anastomosis followed by adhesiolysis and strictureplasty. Post-operative wound infection was the most common complication followed by pulmonary complication which was the most common cause of death.Conclusions: Early diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis with the help of newer diagnostic tools and early referral to higher centers is necessary to decrease the morbidity and mortality. Early start of anti-tubercular drug therapy along with surgical management can help us reduce the mortality and long-term complications associated with abdominal tuberculosis.

Canine non-hematopoietic gastric neoplasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. von Babo ◽  
N. Eberle ◽  
R. Mischke ◽  
A. Meyer-Lindenberg ◽  
M. Hewicker-Trautwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Disease Extension ◽  
Gastric Neoplasia ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Summary Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate epidemiologic and diagnostic characteristics of canine non-hematopoietic gastric neoplasia and to evaluate the surgical outcome of selected cases. Material and methods: Patient data of dogs with histologically confirmed nonhematopoietic gastric tumors were reviewed and dogs with surgical intervention were followed up. Results: 38 dogs were included into the evaluation. Histopathologic diagnoses comprised carcinoma/adeno- carcinoma (n = 33), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 4), and leiomyoma (n = 1). Patients’ median age was 10 years, median weight was 20 kg and the male:female ratio was 1.4 : 1.The breeds represented by most individuals were Chow Chow, Collie, Hovawart and mixedbreed. Most frequent presenting complaint was vomiting. Only a low proportion of dogs were presented with anemia, thrombocytopenia or hypoproteinemia. In 58% of cases, ultrasonographic examination led to findings that were considered compatible with gastric neoplasia. Gastric wall thickening and loss of layering were the most common sonographic findings. Most frequent endoscopic findings were mucosal thickening and reddening; ulcerations were infrequent. Computed tomography findings were compatible with gastric neoplasia in two cases in which CT was performed. Intra-operative cytology results showed accordance with histologic diagnoses in 88% of cases. Five dogs with different underlying pathology and variable disease extension underwent surgical tumor resection. In one patient, recurrence was diagnosed after 104 days. Survival times of these dogs ranged between 7 and 2326 days. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Ultrasonography and, in selected cases, computed tomography aided in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia. Intra-operative cytology possessed diagnostic value. In cases in which surgical resection was attempted, survival times varied markedly likely due to variable disease extension and underlying pathology (e. g. adenocarcinoma versus leiomyoma).

Diagnostic value of FASH ultrasound and chest X-ray in HIV-co-infected patients with abdominal tuberculosis [Notes from the field]

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Heller ◽  
S. Goblirsch ◽  
S. Bahlas ◽  
M. Ahmed ◽  
M-T. Giordani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Comparison of diagnostic value of multidetector computed tomography and X-ray in the detection of body packing

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1248-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesut Bulakci ◽  
Tuba Kalelioglu ◽  
Betul Bozkurt Bulakci ◽  
Adem Kiris
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Body Packing ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Exploring the diagnostic value of multilayer spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in thoracogastric airway fistula

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yan-Wei Zeng ◽  
Mei-Pan Yin ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Chun-Xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Spiral Computed Tomography ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Spiral Computed ◽  
Pulmonary Interstitial Fibrosis

Abstract Background Thoracostomach-airway fistula is a rare complication of esophageal-cancer resection. We intended to explore the diagnostic value of multilayer spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in thoracostomach-airway fistula, to enhance its clinical understanding; evaluate an effective, convenient, and non-invasive diagnostic method; and provide the fundamentals for subsequent treatment. Methods The MSCT images and complete clinical data of 216 consecutive patients diagnosed with thoracogastric airway fistula were retrospectively analyzed. Results MSCT was able to determine the exact location, size of the fistula, and the adjacent bronchus between the fistula and bronchus in 192 out of 216 patients with thoracogastric airway fistula. All patients had pulmonary lesions including emphysema (n=68), ground glass density (n=25), bronchial wall thickening (n=28), patchy high densities along the lung texture (n=207), pulmonary consolidation (n=104), atelectasis (n=11), pulmonary nodules (n=53), bronchiectasis (n=19), lobular septal thickening (n=5), cavity (n=14), and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (n=6). Further, 95 cases showed pleural effusion, 184 showed pleural thickening, 4 had pneumothorax, and 2 had subcutaneous pneumothorax. 12 patients with thoracogastric airway fistula had anastomotic wall thickening (mean: 20.63±9.57, range: 9.19–43.37 mm), while 13 patients showed thoracic gastric wall thickening (mean: 22.83(±)5.58 mm, range: 12.32–31.24 mm) on. 23 patients showed distant metastasis on MSCT. Conclusions MSCT can accurately display the location and size of thoracogastric airway fistula, as well as lung lesions, tumor recurrence, and distant metastasis, and provide the basis for the next therapy.

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