scholarly journals Catheter associated urinary tract infection in an acute care setting of a tertiary care centre in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Debadutta Mishra ◽  
Kodukula Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Catheter associated UTI is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Hence, authors undertook the present study to know the prevalence of catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in medical ICU patients of tertiary care centre and to know the antibiotic resistance pattern of the causative organisms.Methods: A one-year prospective study was carried out from September 2015 to August 2016. Demographic data from the catheterized patients were collected daily and scrutinized for the signs and symptoms as per CDC criteria for confirmation as CAUTI. Relevant antimicrobial resistance data of etiologic agents were also collected to ascertain the prevalent resistance pattern.Results: The overall incidence of CAUTI was 14.69 per 1000 catheterized days in the present study. Out of the 37 diagnosed CAUTI cases, 12 (32.4%) were males and 25 (67.6%) were females with maximum patients being between 40 to 60 years of age. The commonest uropathogens was Escherichia coli (n=26) followed by K. pneumoniae (n=5). Both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were found to be 100% resistant to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefuroxime. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species were least common etiological culprits and demonstrated complete resistance to all the tested antibiotics.Conclusions: In the present study the prevalence of CAUTI is much higher which needs to be rectified by continuous monitoring and training of the staff in implementation of infection control practices in a proactive manner.

CLINICAL STUDY ON URINARY TRACT INFECTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BACTERIOLOGY AND THEIR SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF NORTH-BENGAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Achintya Narayan Ray ◽  
Sandip Saha ◽  
Smarajit Banik ◽  
Biplab Mondal ◽  
O P. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
North Bengal

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infection encountered in tertiary care settings UTI is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and a major cause of morbidity. Its antibiotic sensitivity pattern varies with the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents; UTI has become difcult to treat because of appearance of pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. This prospec Methods: tive and observational Study was conducted on patients attending the outpatient and indoor admitted patients at North Bengal Medical College at Darjeeling district of West Bengal. From 2016 to 2018. A total 100 patients were taken who having clinical features of UTI. The study region covers the various districts of North Bengal. Template was generated in MS excel sheet and analysis was done on SPSS 20.0 software. A Results: mong 100 UTI patients, 34 (34%) were male and 66 (66%) were female. The majority of patients (30%) were 46-60 yrs of age. In the study group symptomatic presentation in order of frequency were, dysuria 85%, urgency74%, fever with chill 60%, hypogastric pain and tenderness 70%, ank pain 30%. E.coli & klebsiella were most common isolates among i.e 66% and11.% respectively. Proteus were sensitive to Netlimycine 90%, Imipenem 87%, Meropenem 79%, Amikacin 75% Gentamycin 68 %, levooxacin 82 % of patients. In the present study, females (66%) Conclusions: were mostly affected and the most common organisms were E.Coli and Klebsiella. These organisms were most sensitive to Amikacin, Nitrofurantoin etc. The sensitivity and resistance pattern of uropathogens to common antimicrobial agents must be taken into account when selecting treatment plans for UTI.

scholarly journals Meropenem Resistance among Acinetobacter Positive Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 853-857
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Bibechan Thapa ◽  
Ashirbad Acharya ◽  
Bijendra Raj Raghubanshi
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Antimicrobial-resistant Acinetobacter species are implicated in a variety of infections including nosocomial bacteraemia, secondary meningitis, and urinary tract infections. Carbapenem including meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter is recognized as one of the most difficult antimicrobial resistant gram-negative bacilli to control and treat. It was classified as an urgent threat by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2019 Antibiotic Resistance Threats Report. This study was carriedout to determine the prevalence of meropenem resistance among acinetobacter positive clinical samples in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in microbiology department of Clinical Laboratory Services among Acinetobacter positive clinical samples of a tertiary care center in Nepal. The culture and sensitivity reports of various clinical samples from April 2018 to April 2020 which were positive for Acinetobacter species were taken from hospital records section. Convenience sampling was done. Meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter samples were studied. Ethical approval was received from Institutional Review Committee (Ref No. 076/77/40). Analysis of data was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval calculated with ferquency. Results: Out of 121 Acinetobacter isolates, prevalence of meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter was reported in 93 (76.9%) at 95% Confidence Interval (69.39-84.40). Among the meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter samples, most of the samples were collected from the sputum 70 (75.2%) followed by blood 8 (8.6%). Conclusions: High prevalence of meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter species in our hospital setting is alarming. In addition, there is emergence of resistance against even the last resort drugs which is creating a treatment crisis.

scholarly journals Burden of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli among Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre- A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjula Sidlagatta Ramakrishna ◽  
Gomathi Chitra Abimannan ◽  
Lavanya Jeyamani ◽  
Aparna Ramalingam ◽  
Karthik Anbalagan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates causing Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), capable of producing Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL), AmpC beta lactamase and resistance to carbapenems pose serious challenges to the clinicians causing worse clinical scenarios. The detection of these isolates has prime importance in infection control and improving therapeuticmanagementofpatients,astheirprevalenceisincreasing worldwide. Injudicious use of antibiotics has led to selective pressure, resulting in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in gram negative bacteria globally. This rise in antimicrobial resistance has decreased the options for empirical therapy, causing a global health concern in infections associated with ESBL producing and AmpC producing isolates. Aim: To investigate the burden of ESBL producing, AmpC beta-lactamase producing, carbapenem resistant, and MDR Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study conducted from January to December 2019. A total of 10,535 urine samples were received during the study period, to find out the burden of drug resistant Escherichia coli isolates in urine samples, analyse their antibiogram and patients’ socio-demographic information. Records of microscopic observations to antibiogram of each isolate was noted down from the register for urine samples, and further analysed. The data was coded, verified, entered and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18.0. Results: Among the total urine samples (10,535), 1434 (13.6%) Escherichia coli isolates were identified, of which 553 (38.6%) were found to be ESBL producing, 497 (34.6%) AmpC beta- lactamase producing, 172 (12%) Carbapenem resistant, and 765 (53.3%) MDR. Majority of the isolates were from the age group of 51-60 years 288 (20.08%). The least susceptibility of the isolates was detected against penicillin G 1410 (98.3%), followed by ampicillin 1160 (80.9%) and cephazolin 74 (67.9%). Among the MDR isolates, the maximum drug resistance (398, 52%) was seen in penicillin, cephems, quinolones and Folate pathway antagonist group of antimicrobials. Conclusion: Identification of the drug resistant isolates is of high priority and crucial for therapeutic management of the patients, and infection control. Stringent antimicrobial stewardship policies and judicious use of antimicrobials can decrease the spread of antimicrobial resistant genes in the hospital environment.

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