scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia in school children in the age group of 8 to 14 years in Thiruvarur, Tamilnadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
P. Raja ◽  
R. Rajaselvan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Iron deficiency is responsible for most of the nutritional anemia. Hemoglobin concentration is a reliable indicator of anemia at the population level, as opposed to clinical measures which are subjective and therefore have more room for error. Measuring Hemoglobin concentration is relatively easy and inexpensive, and this measurement is frequently used as a proxy indicator of iron deficiency. To study the association of certain risk factors with the prevalence of anemia in school children in the age group of 8-14 years.Methods: The study was conducted from April 2017 to March 2018 in Department of Paediatrics, Government Thiruvarur Medical College, Thiruvarur. The study population consisted of school children in the age group of 8 to 14 years fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample size was 250. Complete hematological investigations was done to each child for differential diagnosis of anemia.Results: Majority of the children studied had a normal BMI 38.4% (n=96), 16.8% (n=42) were classified as overweight, 9.2% (n=23) were classified as obese. 22.8% (n=57) were classified as having thinness. 12.8% (n=32) were classified as having severe thinness. Of the 132 children with anemia, majority had mild anemia 64.39% (n=85) followed by moderate 28.03% (n=37) and severe anemia 7.58% (n=10). Of the 132 children with anemia, majority had mild anemia 64.39% (n=85) followed by moderate 28.03% (n=37) and severe anemia 7.58% (n=10).Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher in female children (64.91%) compared to male children (42.65%). The prevalence of anemia is highest in children with severe thinness (78.13%) followed by children with obesity (73.91%). The most common type of anemia in our study was iron deficiency anemia. Majority of the children were suffering from anemia of mild severity. There was no statistically significant correlation between the prevalence of anemia in children and age and socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Increased Outdoor PM2.5 Concentration Is Associated with Moderate/Severe Anemia in Children Aged 6–59 Months in Lima, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria C. Morales-Ancajima ◽  
Vilma Tapia ◽  
Bryan N. Vu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Dulce E. Alarcón-Yaquetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

Anemia affects 1.62 billion people worldwide. Although iron deficiency is the main cause of anemia, several other factors may explain its high prevalence. In this study, we sought to analyze the association between outdoor particulate matter PM2.5 levels with anemia prevalence in children aged 6–59 months residing in Lima, Peru (n = 139,368), one of the cities with the worst air pollution in Latin America. The study period was from 2012 to 2016. Anemia was defined according to the World Health Organization (Hb < 11 g/dL). PM2.5 values were estimated by a mathematical model that combined data observed from monitors, with satellite and meteorological data. PM2.5 was analyzed by quintiles. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were used to estimate the associations between hemoglobin concentration (beta) and anemia (odds ratio) with PM2.5, after adjusting by covariates. Prevalence of anemia was 39.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 39.3–39.9). Mild anemia was observed in 30.8% of children and moderate/severe in 8.84% of children. Anemic children compared with nonanemic children are mainly males, have low body weight, higher rate of stunting, and live in an environment with high PM2.5 concentration. A slight decrease in hemoglobin (4Q B: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05 to −0.02; 5Q B: −0.04, 95% CI: −0.06 to −0.01) and an increase in the probability of moderate/severe anemia (4Q OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10–1.27; 5Q OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08–1.29) were observed with increased exposure to PM2.5. We conclude that outdoor PM2.5 levels were significantly associated with decreased hemoglobin values and an increase in prevalence of moderate/severe anemia in children under 5 years old.

Prevalence of anemia in university going girls and its ratio between hostellites and day scholars.

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Blood Hemoglobin ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Blood Hemoglobin Concentration

Anemia is considered as a reduction in blood hemoglobin concentration. It is associated with micronutrient deficiency such as iron deficiency anemia. IDA has strong health implications on girls during reproductive age.

scholarly journals Growth velocity in elementary school children with iron deficiency anemia after iron therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Dina Lyfia ◽  
Melda Deliana ◽  
Hakimi Hakimi ◽  
Nelly Rosdiana ◽  
Bidasari Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
School Children ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Group

Background Iron supplementation in children with iron deficiencyanemia could decrease the incidence of stunting.Objective To study the effect of iron therapy on growth velocityin children with iron deficiency anemia.Methods A randomized clinical trial study was conducted atLabuhan Batu on November 2006 to May 2007. Iron deficiencyanemia was diagnosed if there were anemia, with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration <31 %, red cell distribution width index > 220, and Mentzer index> 13. Elementary school children (6-12 year old) with iron deficiency anemia were randomly assigned either to iron therapy group (children were given 6 mg iron/kg/day) or to placebo group for 3 months.Results Among 300 children recruited, there were 125 children,who suffered from iron deficiency anemia. After one month ofiron therapy, means of hemoglobin concentration were 12.4 g/dl in iron group and 11.7 g/dl in placebo group. There was a significant increase of height in iron group (129.9 (SD 7.58) em vs. 132.2 (SD 7.23) em) and in placebo (130.8 (SD 8.78) em vs. 128.7 (SD 8. 79) em), However, no significant difference was found in the mean of growth velocity between placebo and iron groups (2.1 (SD 0.01) em vs. 2.0 (SD 0.9) em.Conclusion There is a significant increase in height, but nosignificant difference between both groups in growth velocity.

Iron Deficiency and Heart Disease: Ironclad Evidence?

Hematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Carson ◽  
John W. Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Iron Treatment ◽  
Objective Outcomes ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Inflammation

Abstract Patients with heart failure have elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines and commonly have iron deficiency anemia or anemia of chronic inflammation. Clinical trials in patients with congestive heart failure and iron deficiency have demonstrated that intravenous iron treatment appears to improve subjective and objective outcomes. Most patients in these trials were not anemic or only had mild anemia, and hemoglobin concentration rose only slightly after treatment with iron. Experimental evidence demonstrates that iron is a cofactor for muscle function, which could explain the improvement in clinical outcomes. Many questions remain to be answered to understand the role of iron therapy in patients with congestive heart failure.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Pentingnya Tablet Fe pada Ibu Hamil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Safitri Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

ABSTRACT Maternal mortality is an important indicator in the quality of health services. Anemia is an important cause of maternal death. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is 37.1%. Provision of Fe tablets is one of the most effective strategies for preventing and controlling nutritional anemia in increasing hemoglobin levels and can reduce the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women by 20-25%. In Sarolangun District, Pelawan Village there are still pregnant women who do not get Fe tablets of 14.3% and do not obey consume Fe tablets of 25% because their feces become black and nauseous. Target outcomes expected are: there is an increased knowledge an increase in knowledge between before and after counseling, as well as compliance of pregnant women to consume Fe tablets. The method used is counseling. The results of dedication are an increase in knowledge and and compliance of pregnant women in consume Fe tablets as an effort to prevent iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. ABSTRAK Kematian ibu merupakan indikator penting dalam kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Anemia menjadi salah satu penyebab penting kematian ibu. Prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia sebesar 37,1%. Pemberian tablet Fe merupakan salah satu strategi pencegahan dan penanggulangan anemia gizi yang paling efektif meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin  dan dapat menurunkan prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil sebesar 20-25%. Di Kabupaten Sarolangun Desa Pelawan masih ada ibu hamil yang tidak mendapatkan tablet Fe sebesar 14,3% dan tidak patuh mengkonsumsi tablet Fe sebesar 25% dengan alasan fesesnya menjadi hitam dan mual. Target luaran yang diharapkan peningkatan pengetahuan antara sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan, serta kepatuhan ibu hamil untuk mengkonsumsi tablet Fe. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan. Hasil pengabdian terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe sebagai upaya pencegahan anemia defisiensi besi pada ibu hamil.

scholarly journals Impaired Hematological Status Increases the Risk of Mortality among HIV-Infected Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (9) ◽  
pp. 2375-2382
Author(s):  
Ramadhani A Noor ◽  
Ajibola I Abioye ◽  
Ellen Hertzmark ◽  
Anne M Darling ◽  
Said Aboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Iron Concentrations

ABSTRACT Background Hematological status may predict HIV disease progression and mortality among adults initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Objectives We aimed to examine the relation of anemia and iron status at HAART initiation with survival and morbidity outcomes. Methods We conducted a case-cohort study of 570 HIV-infected adults initiating HAART who were enrolled in a trial of multivitamins in Tanzania. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and hepcidin concentrations were assessed at HAART initiation and participants were followed up monthly. We adjusted serum ferritin for inflammation using a regression correction method to characterize hematological status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HRs for mortality and incident clinical outcomes. Results We found an 83% prevalence of anemia, 15% prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, and 66% prevalence of anemia of chronic diseases (ACD). The prevalence of elevated iron was 33% and 19% had iron deficiency (ID). After multivariate adjustment, severe anemia (HR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.49, 4.45) and ACD (HR: 4.71; 95% CI: 2.91, 7.62) were associated with increased risk of mortality as compared with nonanemic participants. In addition, both ID (HR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.08, 7.78) and elevated iron (HR: 2.83; 95% CI: 2.10, 3.82) were associated with increased risk of mortality as compared with normal iron concentrations. Severe anemia and elevated iron concentrations were associated with incident wasting and &gt;10% weight loss (P values &lt;0.05). Conclusions Anemia and both ID and elevated iron were associated with increased mortality among HIV-infected adults initiating HAART. Safety and efficacy studies including anemia etiology, timing of HAART initiation, and dose of iron supplementation among HIV patients appear warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00383669.

Central role of zinc protoporphyrin in staging iron deficiency

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hastka ◽  
J J Lasserre ◽  
A Schwarzbeck ◽  
R Hehlmann
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Erythrocyte Indices ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Normal Erythrocyte

Abstract In iron deficiency, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is produced instead of heme, and the ZPP concentration in erythrocytes is increased (normal &lt; or = 40 mumol/mol heme). We investigated the relevance of ZPP for staging iron deficiency. ZPP was determined by hematofluorometry in samples from 103 patients. Nineteen patients with iron depletion showed decreased serum ferritin (12.1 +/- 4.4 micrograms/L) with normal ZPP and hemoglobin (Hb). Twelve patients with iron-deficient erythropoiesis had decreased ferritin (10.4 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L), increased ZPP (72 +/- 9 mumol/mol heme), and normal Hb concentrations. In 72 patients with iron-deficiency anemia, ferritin was &lt; 12 micrograms/L. In mild anemia (Hb between 100 and 120 g/L, and normal erythrocyte indices), ZPP was 100 +/- 16 mumol/mol heme. In severe anemia (Hb &lt; 100 g/L, decreased erythrocyte indices), ZPP values were significantly higher (265 +/- 109 mumol/mol heme). We conclude that measurements of ZPP, ferritin, and Hb can reliably be combined to classify the degree of iron deficiency.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Causes of Anemia in Six to Sixty Months Old Children: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Mathema ◽  
Anup Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Nutritional Anemia

Introduction: Anemia is one of the most common problems in children, especially in the developing countries. Nutritional anemia is associated with impaired performance of a range of mental and physical functions in children. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and possible causes of anemia in children attending tertiary care center in Nepal.  Material and Methods: This was a prospective hospital based cross-sectional study done at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal over a period of 10 months from March to December 2012. Children between the age group of 6 months to 60 months attending the Paediatric Out-Patient Department were randomly selected. The haemoglobin concentration was measured with an Automated Haematology Counter (Sysmex, Japan) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Anemia in children is defined as a hemoglobin level less than 11 gm/ dl. Results: There were 500 children enrolled in the study, out of which 191 (38.2%) were found to be anemic. Mild anemia was observed in 31.2%, moderate in 6.6% and severe in 0.4%. The commonest age group affected was between 24 months to 35 months old children. Anemia was more common in female children (41.9%) compared to males (35.8%). 118 anemic children were further investigated for the cause of anemia and 103 (87.3%) had iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: This study reflects that prevalence of anemia still remains high and iron deficiency is the leading cause of nutritional anemia in children. Timely intervention can both prevent and treat childhood anemia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8847   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 2013;33(3):163-165

scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in rural Koppal: a study from teaching hospital, Koppal, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema B. N.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anemia is the nutritional deficiency disorder and 56% of all women living in developing countries are anaemic according to World Health Organization. India has the highest prevalence of anaemia and 20% of total maternal deaths are due to anemia. To determine the prevalence of anemia and factors influencing its causation among pregnant women.           Methods: This is the study of 1769 pregnant women which was conducted in a rural population of Koppal district, Karnataka, India, from June 2016 to November 2016 i.e. a period of 6 months. This longitudinal prospective observational study was conducted in the district hospital of Koppal. Anemia was classified as per the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) criteria. The diagnosis of anemia was undertaken by peripheral blood smear examination and standard hemoglobin estimation by shale’s method.Results: The average age of pregnant women was 23.5 years, ranging between 18 and 40 years. Most of the women belonged to below poverty line (BPL) families (84.6%) and Hindu religion (98%). Regarding education, 28.9% were illiterates. The mean haemoglobin level was found to be 8.95. Prevalence of anemia was 96.5% among the pregnant females in this region of rural Koppal. Out of these 22.47% had mild anemia, 56.30% had moderate anemia, 14.98% had severe anemia and 2.73% very severe anemia according to ICMR classification of anemia.Conclusions: High prevalence of anemia among pregnant women indicates anemia to be a major public health problem in the rural community and indicates strict implementation of National Nutrition Anemia prophylaxis programme. Factors such as socioeconomic status, education, birth interval, and gravida contribute to this high prevalence.

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