scholarly journals Association of type of tuberculosis with treatment outcome among paediatric tuberculosis patients in Bhopal city

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Sheloj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Paediatric Tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks as the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide, after the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).The younger the child, the more are the chances of complications and death from the disease. The objective of the study was to find out the association of type of tuberculosis with the treatment outcome of paediatric TB patients registered under RNTCP in Bhopal city.Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in all tuberculosis treatment units (TU) of Bhopal city. All paediatric patients in the age group of 0 to 14 years diagnosed as TB and registered under RNTCP and fulfilling inclusion criteria during January 2013 to June 2013 were included in the study. Data regarding paediatric TB patients was collected by using a structured questionnaire. Information was also obtained in two subsequent visits of the patient, one at the end of intensive phase to know the response of treatment and other at the end of the treatment for treatment outcome. The data was analysed on statistical software SPSS vs.20.Results: The present study was conducted on 165 paediatric Tuberculosis patients who were registered for DOTS treatment under RNTCP. Pulmonary TB is common in all the age group of <1 and 1-10 years. Out of 165 paediatric patients,93.33% of patients were treatment completed in which 54.54% were pulmonary cases and 45.45% were extra pulmonary while 4.84% were declared cured, thus showing statistically significant association (X2=9.758 and p=0.04, df=4) between type of Tuberculosis and treatment outcome.Conclusions: Pulmonary TB is common in the age groups of <1 and 1-10 years while in 11-14 years of age group extra pulmonary TB is more common. There is statistically significant association between type of Tuberculosis and treatment outcome. 

scholarly journals Seasonality in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis notifications in Germany 2004-2014- a time series analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Charles ◽  
Matthias Eckardt ◽  
Basel Karo ◽  
Walter Haas ◽  
Stefan Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Disease Site ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background Seasonality in tuberculosis (TB) has been found in different parts of the world, showing a peak in spring/summer and a trough in autumn/winter. The evidence is less clear which factors drive seasonality. It was our aim to identify and evaluate seasonality in the notifications of TB in Germany, additionally investigating the possible variance of seasonality by disease site, sex and age group. Methods We conducted an integer-valued time series analysis using national surveillance data. We analysed the reported monthly numbers of started treatments between 2004 and 2014 for all notified TB cases and stratified by disease site, sex and age group. Results We detected seasonality in the extra-pulmonary TB cases (N = 11,219), with peaks in late spring/summer and troughs in fall/winter. For all TB notifications together (N = 51,090) and for pulmonary TB only (N = 39,714) we did not find a distinct seasonality. Additional stratified analyses did not reveal any clear differences between age groups, the sexes, or between active and passive case finding. Conclusion We found seasonality in extra-pulmonary TB only, indicating that seasonality of disease onset might be specific to the disease site. This could point towards differences in disease progression between the different clinical disease manifestations. Sex appears not to be an important driver of seasonality, whereas the role of age remains unclear as this could not be sufficiently investigated.

scholarly journals A study of treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. H. Ramya ◽  
G. Gayathri ◽  
V. Gangadharan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Directly observed treatment remains one of the most widely-accepted global health interventions for tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment outcome is one of the performance indicators of the programme set by World Health Organization.Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre Chennai. A retrospective analysis of the profile and treatment outcome of all tuberculosis patients registered from January 2015 to December 2015 at DOTS centre under RNTCP was conducted. Data on treatment outcomes was analysed using appropriate statistical methods and percentages were calculated.Results: Out of 118 TB cases, 59.3% had pulmonary while 40.7% had extra-pulmonary TB. Sputum positive PTB is more common than sputum negative which is 74.2% and 25.8% respectively. Frequency of TB lymphadenitis is being the common presentation among extra pulmonary TB cases, followed by TB pleurisy. Success rate (cure rate plus treatment completion rate) for new cases was 63.1% and for retreatment cases was 36.9% while the overall success rate was 81%.Conclusions: Effective measures have to be taken in the programme to move forward to help in the eradication of TB. Tuberculosis mostly affects males of the economically productive age group and causes economic losses. The success rate of new cases was higher compared to retreatment cases though the overall success rate was lower compared to the RNTCP norms. Proper education on DOTS can help in improving the success rate and cure rate.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF DR-TB BY SEX, AGE GROUPS, OCCUPATION, PROVINCE, DIVISION, DISTRICT, TYPE OF DISEASE, TYPE OF DRUG RESISTANCE, TREATMENT REGIMEN AND OUTCOME OF TREATMENT IN DR-TB POPULATION IN D.I.KHAN DIVISION, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-131
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Saleem ◽  
Imran Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Sarim Bin Farooq Awan ◽  
Jamal Tauqir ◽  
Faisal Younis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pulmonary Tb

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the major cause of mortality worldwide. Our objectives were to determine the distribution of DR-TB by sex, age groups, occupation, province, division, district, type of disease, type of drug resistance, treatment regimen and outcome of treatment in DR-TB population in D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan.Materials Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan. A sample of 286 DR-TB patients was selected consecutively from population at risk. Sex, age groups, occupation, province, division and district were demographic while type of disease, type of drug resistance, treatment regimen and outcome of treatment were research variables. All variables being nominal were described by count, percentage cumulative percentage with 95% confidence interval for proportion. Distribution of DR-TB patients by all the ten variables were substantiated by chi-square goodness-of-fit test.Results: Out of 286 DR-TB patients, 123 (43%) were men and 163 (57%) women. DR-TB cases were most prevalent in age group 15-44 years 172 (60.14%), housewife 140 (48.95%), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 175 (61.19%), D.I.Khan Division 178 (62.24%) and district 121 (42.31%). Most common type of disease, drug resistance and treatment regimen was pulmonary TB 282 (98.60%), MDR 273 (95.45%) and longer treatment (n=273 MDR-TB) 246 (90.11%) respectively. Treatment success rate was 161 (56.29%). The observed prevalence by occupation, province, division, district and type of disease in our sample was similar to expected prevalence in population (p.05 for all), while it was different from population by sex, age groups, type of drug resistance, regimen and treatment outcome (p.05 for all).Conclusion: The prevalence of DR-TB was higher in women, age group 15-44 years, housewife, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and D.I.Khan Division and District. Most common type of disease, drug resistance and treatment regimen was pulmonary TB, MDR and longer treatment respectively. Treatment success rate was 56.29%. The observed prevalence by occupation, province, division, district and type of disease in sample was similar to population, while it was different by sex, age groups, type of drug resistance, regimen and treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients under programmatic management in a tuberculosis unit at a tertiary care center

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2825
Author(s):  
Avinash R. Lamb ◽  
Hrishikesh A. Khadilkar ◽  
Syed Azhar Ali Shoukat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the greatest health hazards in the world, more so in India. So this study was conducted to study the clinical profile and treatment outcome of TB patients in a tuberculosis unit attached to a tertiary care centre.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among the tuberculosis patients attending the tuberculosis unit attached to Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. In which patient’s clinico-demographic profile and treatment outcome was recorded.Results: A total of 2414 patients were included in this study of which 1377 (57.04%) were males and 1037 (42.96%) were females. The average age of patients was 33.4 years. 1811 (75.02%) patients had pulmonary, while 603 (24.98 %) patients had extra pulmonary involvement. Maximum patients were newly diagnosed type (77.51%) , while rest included defaulters, ATT (anti-tuberculous therapy) failure cases and relapse cases. 1795 patients (74.36%) belonged to category I ATT, 543 (22.49%) belonged to cat II ATT, and 76 (3.15%) belonged to category III ATT. Out of 2414 patients, 1088 (45.07%) were cured, while 834 (34.55%)successfully completed treatment. There were 232 defaulters (9.61%), 45 failures (1.86%) and 134 deaths (5.55%).Conclusions: Though this study showed a greater predominance of pulmonary TB. It also observe high percentage extra pulmonary TB. A high positive treatment outcome noted may be attributed to the availability of specialist doctors and diagnostic facilities in the tertiary care centre.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-TBGL Antibody in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Patients in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingge Zhao ◽  
Zhaoqin Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Yasuhiko Suzuki ◽  
Haorile Chagan-Yasutan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Tuberculous glycolipid (TBGL) is a component of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall, and anti-TBGL antibodies are used for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. Anti-TBGL IgG and IgA levels were measured in 45 pulmonary TB patients (PTB), 26 extra-pulmonary TB patients (ETB), 16 AIDS-TB patients, and 58 healthy controls (HC) including 39 health care workers (HW) and 19 newly enrolled students (ST). Anti-TBGL IgG measurements yielded 68.9% and 46.2% sensitivity in PTB and ETB, respectively, and 81.0% specificity. However, anti-TBGL IgA measurements were significantly less sensitive in detecting ETB than PTB (15.4% versus 46.7% sensitivity) but showed up to 89.7% specificity. Samples from AIDS-TB patients exhibited low reaction of anti-TBGL IgG and IgA with 6.3% and 12.5% sensitivity, respectively. Unlike anti-lipoarabinomannan (LAM) IgG that was found to elevate in sputum smearpositive subjects, anti-TBGL IgG and IgA elevated in those with cavitation and bronchiectasis, respectively. Anti-TBGL IgG in cavitary TB yielded 78.2% sensitivity compared to 57.1% in those otherwise. Meanwhile, higher anti-TBGL IgA titers were observed in HW than in ST, and increasing anti-TBGL IgG titers were observed in HW on follow-up. Therefore, higher anti-TBGL antibody titers are present in patients presenting cavities and bronchiectasis and subjects under TB exposure risk.

Sleep Disturbances Associated with Age and HIV

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Vance ◽  
Joe W. Burrage
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Negative

Sleep disturbances are common in normal people of several age groups and those with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease. In a secondary analysis of data, 50 HIV-positive and 50 HIV-negative adults between 30 and 65 years old responded to 5 items about sleep. No statistically significant differences by HIV status or age group were found.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in North-East India: patient profile and treatment outcome of patient attending RNTCP

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2856
Author(s):  
T. Kayia Priscilla Kayina ◽  
M. Shyami Tarao ◽  
Polly Nula
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
North East India ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease of global concern. India with its high burden of Tuberculosis, HIV and HIV-TB co-infection, this disease continue to have tremendous impact on its denizens especially the north-eastern states of the country because of its problem of HIV. It is imperative to understand every aspects of the disease for effective prevention and control.Methods: A retrospective record study of tuberculosis units was conducted.Results: The proportion of males was more as compared to females, with more cases seen with increasing age. Pulmonary TB was seen more among males, whereas extra-pulmonary TB was seen more among females. Favorable treatment outcome was seen in 84.7% of the population. HIV-TB Co-infection was seen 6.5% of the patients, with 46.3% having extra-pulmonary TB. Favorable treatment outcome was seen among them too.Conclusions: More common in males, showing increasing number of patients in older age group with favourable outcomes on treatment in all categories including HIV-TB co-infection patients.

scholarly journals Factors associated with treatment outcome in adult tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment short course in Ludhiana city, Punjab, India: a cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Rupali Verma Bagga ◽  
Sarit Sharma ◽  
RK Soni ◽  
Anurag Chaudhary ◽  
Mahesh Satija
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Unfavourable Outcome ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease requiring prolonged treatment and poor adherence to a prescribed treatment increases the risk of morbidity, mortality and spread of disease in the community. Objective was to study factors associated with treatment outcome in adult Tuberculosis patients on directly observed treatment short (DOTS) course in Ludhiana city, Punjab, India.Methods: The present study was a community based prospective cohort study. It was conducted in the two tuberculosis units (TU) of Ludhiana city, Punjab, India. A total of 221 registered DOTS patients were taken as study subjects and were followed during the course of treatment to observe their treatment outcome. The information was collected on a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire through personal interviews.Results: Out of 221, 183 (82.8%) subjects had favorable outcome, 35 (15.8%) had unfavourable outcome and 3 (1.4%) were transferred out. The comparison between favorable and unfavourable treatment was found be statistically significant with respect to different age groups, problems faced by subjects to reach DOTS centre, diabetes, sputum smear status, site of tuberculosis involvement and side effects of treatment.Conclusions: Elderly and diabetic patients were found to have higher unfavourable outcome. There is need for special provisions for older age groups, illiterates and for lower socio-economic status (SES) in the form of counselling for old people and health insurance for those belonging to lower SES. Keeping in mind the default rate of the present study, initial counselling, periodic motivation of patients and prompt defaulter retrieval action would be beneficial.

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