scholarly journals Cross-sectional study on the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable disease in a rural area of Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4600
Author(s):  
Vijayakarthikeyan M. ◽  
Krishnakumar J. ◽  
Umadevi R.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Currently, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are in the limelight replacing communicable diseases, which were the leading cause of death in most countries. Non communicable disease is the leading cause of death globally. Non communicable diseases (NCDs) kill 38 million people each year. This study aims to estimate the prevalence rate of NCD risk factors among adult population and to determine the association between behavioural and metabolic risk factors. Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study carried out in the rural field practice area attached to a Medical college in Kancheepuram district. The study group were 370 adults (20-60 years). The data was collected using a structured questionnaire with the help of WHO steps approach containing socio-demographic particulars, details regarding NCD risk factors and physical measurements. Data was analysed using SPSS 15 software. Prevalence of NCD risk factors was calculated using percentages and strength of association was tested between behavioural and metabolic risk factors. Results: Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable disease are tobacco use (17.8%), alcohol use (17.3%), physical inactivity (50.2%), unhealthy diet (62%), overweight (38.1%), obesity (11.4%), hypertension (15.7%), diabetes (21.9%) respectively. There was strong statistical significant association between obesity (odds ratio-3.057, p=0.020 at 95% confidence interval (0.915-10.211)), hypertension (odds ratio-23.062, p=0.001 at 95% confidence interval (3.147-168.989)), diabetes (odds ratio-6.837, p=0.001 at 95% confidence interval (2.085-22.417)) and alcohol use and also between obesity (odds ratio-2.637, p=0.004 at 95% confidence interval (0.787-8.83)), hypertension (odds ratio-2.773, p=0.019 at 95% confidence interval (1.145-6.714)) and tobacco use. Conclusions: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors is high in this study. It is necessary to minimize the burden of growing non-communicable disease epidemic in the society, by curbing the rates of the risky behaviours at a very early stage by lifestyle modification.  

scholarly journals Prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among poor shantytown residents in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a community-based cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e014710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Khalequzzaman ◽  
Chifa Chiang ◽  
Sohel Reza Choudhury ◽  
Hiroshi Yatsuya ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biochemical Measurements ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ObjectivesThis study aims to describe the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among the urban poor in Bangladesh.DesignWe conducted a community-based cross-sectional epidemiological study.SettingThe study was conducted in a shantytown in the city of Dhaka. There were 8604 households with 34 170 residents in the community. Those households were categorised into two wealth strata based on the housing structure.ParticipantsThe study targeted residents aged 18–64 years. A total of 2986 eligible households with one eligible individual were selected by simple random sampling stratified by household wealth status. A total of 2551 residents completed the questionnaire survey, and 2009 participated in the subsequent physical and biochemical measurements.Outcome measuresA modified WHO survey instrument was used for assessing behavioural risk factors and physical and biochemical measurements, including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The prevalence of NCD risk factors, such as tobacco use, fruit and vegetable intake, overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes (HbA1c ≥6.5%) and dyslipidaemia, was described according to household wealth status and gender differences.ResultsThe prevalence of current tobacco use was 60.4% in men and 23.5% in women. Most of them (90.8%) consumed more than 1 serving of fruits and vegetables per day; however, only 2.1% consumed more than 5 servings. Overweight/obesity was more common in women (39.2%) than in men (18.9%), while underweight was more common in men (21.0%) than in women (7.1%). The prevalence of hypertension was 18.6% in men and 20.7% in women. The prevalence of diabetes was 15.6% in men and 22.5% in women, which was much higher than the estimated national prevalence (7%). The prevalence of raised total cholesterol (≥190 mg/dL) was 25.7% in men and 34.0% in women.ConclusionThe study identified that tobacco use, both overweight and underweight, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia were prevalent among the urban poor in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among Fishermen community of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaivani Annadurai ◽  
Nithiya Balan ◽  
Karnaboopathy Ranaganathan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Owing to growing epidemic of non communicable diseases (NCD), identification of risk factor profile is one of the high-priority actions required in reducing NCDs. Further, fishermen community possesses unique characteristics of a folk society despite the urban environment around it. Since major portion of the life of fishermen is spent at sea with bizarre sleep and eating pattern, their risk profile for non-communicable disease are different from general population. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among fishermen community in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu; to identify the association of the NCD risk factors with socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of the study participants. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 210 adult male Fishermen community of Kovalam, Kalpakkam and Mahabalipuram, of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during May to October, 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire and all the participants were motivated to undergo laboratory investigations. Results: Prevalence of smoking tobacco form, smokeless tobacco use and alcohol use were 17.1%, 22.9% and 61.4% respectively. Mean blood pressure observed in our study was 120.14/77.86 mm Hg. Prevalence of hypertension was 39.05% and 13.3% were having abdominal obesity. Conclusions: NCD risk factors like hypertension, alcohol use was quite high in this fishermen community and it needs further evaluation. 

An Education Driven Model for Non-Communicable Diseases Care

2016 ◽  
pp. 391-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Pittoli ◽  
Henrique Damasceno Vianna ◽  
Jorge Luis Victória Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Patients with chronic diseases should be made aware of their planned treatments as well as being kept informed of the progress of those treatments. The Chronic Prediction model was designed not only to educate patients and assist them with some chronic non-communicable disease, but to control the risk factors that affect their diseases. The model utilizes Bayesian networks to map three things: to identify the cause and effect relationships among existing risk factors; to provide treatment recommendations about these risk factors and; to aid caregivers in the treatment of the patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Papua New Guinea: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212097384
Author(s):  
Patricia Rarau ◽  
Shuaijun Guo ◽  
Shaira Nicole Baptista ◽  
Justin Pulford ◽  
Barbara McPake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Introduction: The mortality associated with non-communicable diseases has increased significantly in most countries in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region over the last 20 years, as have the underlying risk factors. This study aimed to collate evidence on the prevalence of four major non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Papua New Guinea in order to inform appropriate policy for their prevention and management. Methods: We performed a systematic review of Papua New Guinea-based population prevalence studies of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancers, as well as non-communicable disease risk factors published before 2016. Five online databases were searched and screened against eligibility criteria according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Results: A total of 57 articles were included in this review, most of which (n = 48) were published prior to 2000. Eleven articles reported on diabetes, six reported on chronic lung disease/asthma, two reported on cardiovascular diseases, and two reported cancer as the primary outcome, while the remaining 36 papers reported non-communicable disease risk factors. Conclusion: This review demonstrated variations in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (0%–19%) and their risk factors (0%–80.6%) attributed to the lifestyle and genetic diversity of the Papua New Guinea population. There is a strong suggestion that the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus) and key non-communicable disease risk factors (hypertension, overweight, and obesity) has increased, but there is a lack of recent data. As such, there is an urgent need for new and up-to-date data in all areas of Papua New Guinea.

scholarly journals Tomato Role on Seven Deadliest Non-Communicable Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1295-1308
Author(s):  
Lathifah Dzakiyyah Zulfa ◽  
Dessyani Salim ◽  
Abigail Tirza Melia Silalahi ◽  
Sharon Levita Hutapea ◽  
Margaretha Maria Odilia Natasha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Non-communicable diseases such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, Alzheimer, diabetes melitus, and kidney disease are leading causes of death in the world. There are many risk factors which can contribute to non-communicable diseases such as dietary. Vegetable consumption such as tomato may lower risk factors to non-communicable diseases because of its active ingredient, lycopene, retinol, alpha tomatine, and tomatidine. In this study, authors aim to explain the mechanism of tomato’s active compound in lowering risk factors of non-communicable disease based on biomarker found on each disease collected from recent epidemiological, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo researches. Lycopene and retinol have proven in reducing ischemic heart disease and stroke because of its anti-atherogenic properties and anti-inflammatory effect. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect of lycopene also proven in lowering risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases by modulate reverse cholesterol transport, so cholesterol homeostasis is created. In lung cancer, lycopene and other bioactive compound such as α-tomatine and tomatidine also have an anti-proliferative effect by interacting with Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Its ability to reduce the final product of lipid peroxidation level makes lycopene lower Alzheimer risk factor. There is much more function of tomato’s active coumpound although pure tomato has contradictive effect on some disease.

scholarly journals Macrolevel Association of COVID-19 with Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Gaur ◽  
RS Khedar ◽  
Kishore Mangal ◽  
Arvind K Sharma ◽  
Rajinder K Dhamija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
State Level ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
List Type ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ABSTRACTObjectiveGreater COVID-19 related mortality has been reported among persons with various non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We performed an ecological study to determine the association of state-level cases and deaths with NCD risk factors and healthcare and social indices.MethodsWe obtained cumulative national and state-level data on COVID-19 cases and deaths from publicly available database www.covid19india.org from February to end November 2020. To identify association with major NCD risk factors, NCDs, healthcare related and social variables we obtained data from public sources. Association was determined using univariate and multivariate statistics.ResultsMore than 9.5 million COVID-19 cases and 135,000 deaths have been reported in India at end November 2020. There is significant positive correlation (Pearson’s r) of state-level COVID-19 cases and deaths per million, respectively, with NCD risk factors- obesity (0.64, 0.52), hypertension (0.28, 0.16), diabetes (0.66, 0.46), literacy, NCD epidemiological transition index (0.58, 0.54) and ischemic heart disease mortality (0.22, 0.33). Correlation is also observed with indices of healthcare access and quality (0.71, 0.61), urbanization (0.75, 0.73) and human (0.61, 0.56) and sociodemographic (0.70, 0.69) development. Multivariate adjusted analyses shows strong correlation of COVID-19 burden and deaths with NCD risk factors (r2=0.51, 0.43), NCDs (r2=0.32, 0.16) and healthcare related factors (r2=0.52, 0.38).ConclusionsCOVID-19 disease burden and mortality in India is ecologically associated with greater state-level burden of NCDs and risk factors, especially obesity and diabetes.KEY MESSAGESThere is significant state-level variability in COVID-19 cases and deaths in India.In a macrolevel statistical analysis we find that Indian states with better human and sociodemographic indices, more literacy, longer age, greater burden of non-communicable diseases and risk factors have greater COVID-19 case burden and mortality.Non-communicable disease risk factors- obesity and diabetes are the most important determinants on multivariate analyses.

scholarly journals Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors and Its Regional Distribution in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melkamu Dugassa Kassa ◽  
Jeanne Grace
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

INTRODUCTION: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasing as the main cause of death, disability, unproductivity and indisposition in Ethiopia.OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to establish healthcare professionals’ perception on non-communicable disease risk factors and their regional distribution in Ethiopia.METHODS: A mixed method sequential explanatory design was conducted with a questionnaire survey obtaining quantitative replies from 312 healthcare professionals working in 13 referral hospitals in the first phase and qualitative data among 13 hospital managers in the second phase.RESULTS: Statistically significant prevalence of NCDs risk factors were reported with the lack of physical exercise (M=4.94, SD=.245, t (311) = 139.383; p < .0005), hypertension (M=4.89, SD=.312, t (311) = 107.021; p < .0005), and unhealthy diet (M=4.61, SD=.782, t (311) = 36.426; p < .0005) ranking as the top three leading NCDs risk factors. The prevalence and distribution of NCDs risk factors varied within Ethiopia, with a high perceived prevalence of lack of physical exercise, unhealthy diet, alcohol use, and blood glucose in Addis Ababa city followed by Amhara region. A high prevalence of tobacco use and hypertension was also observed in the regions of Benishangul Gumuz.CONCLUSION: The results revealed that the prevalence of NCDs risk factors are increasing in different regions of Ethiopia. Regionally specific non-communicable disease intervention strategies are required to revert the growing burden of the risk factors effectively.

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Taherifard ◽  
Mohammad Javad Moradian ◽  
Ehsan Taherifard ◽  
Abdolrasool Hemmati ◽  
Behnaz Rastegarfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Southern Iran

Abstract Background Refugees are highly vulnerable to many health-related risks. Monitoring non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is of overriding importance in these populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs amongst Afghan refugees in a refugee camp located in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional sturdy was conducted in 2018. Risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, obesity and overweight, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Data were gathered with a modified WHO STEPS procedure. Prevalence and age-standardized prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results The estimated prevalence were 94% for inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, 18% for physical inactivity, 9% for tobacco smoking, 3% for FPG, 20% for HTN, 51% for central obesity, 24% for overweight, 19% for obesity, and 69% for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Except for inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and dyslipidaemia, the prevalence of other NCD risk factors was low among Afghan refugees in Iran. Raising awareness about healthy diet and its importance and the provision of more affordable fruit and vegetables are two effective measures toward improving the health of refugees in Iran.

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